-
JBR-BTR : Organe de La Societe Royale... 2003
Topics: Adolescent; Astrocytoma; Cranial Fossa, Posterior; Female; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Skull Base Neoplasms; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 12880155
DOI: No ID Found -
Pediatric Hematology and Oncology 1989Between 1954 and 1984, 282 children with astrocytoma were included in the Manchester Children's Tumour Registry (MCTR), giving an overall incidence of 9.3 per million... (Review)
Review
Between 1954 and 1984, 282 children with astrocytoma were included in the Manchester Children's Tumour Registry (MCTR), giving an overall incidence of 9.3 per million person-years. There were 110 children with adult astrocytoma and 172 children with juvenile astrocytoma. The five-year survival for adult astrocytoma was 15% and 75% for juvenile astrocytoma. There were no significant improvements in survival with time. There were 21 children with neurofibromatosis (NF) and 4 children had tuberous sclerosis. Some children had other recognized syndromes and others had major or minor abnormalities. Nine children had second tumors, mainly associated with NF, and seven siblings had malignant tumors. A number of mothers of these children were found to have breast cancer. Some of these families may represent examples of the Li-Fraumeni cancer family syndrome. We conclude that astrocytomas is an important problem in childhood and that a proportion of cases may have a genetic origin.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Astrocytoma; Brain Neoplasms; Cerebellar Neoplasms; Cerebral Cortex; Child; Child, Preschool; Cranial Nerve Neoplasms; England; Female; Humans; Incidence; Infant; Male; Neurofibromatosis 1; Optic Nerve Diseases; Registries
PubMed: 2518326
DOI: 10.3109/08880018909034303 -
Journal of Neurosurgery May 2004The authors report a case of a 13-year-old boy with juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma (JPA) presenting with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). The patient experienced sudden... (Review)
Review
The authors report a case of a 13-year-old boy with juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma (JPA) presenting with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). The patient experienced sudden onset of headache, vomiting, and loss of consciousness. Cranial computerized tomography scanning revealed blood within basal cisterns and the third ventricle. Angiography demonstrated normal cerebral vasculature and upward displacement of the bilateral A, segments of the anterior cerebral artery. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging revealed a chiasmatic/hypothalamic mass with evidence of hemorrhage. The mass was surgically decompressed. Histopathological examination showed evidence of JPA. In all cases of SAH in which there is blood around the third ventricle and a raised A1 segment on angiography, MR imaging should be performed. The presence of a normal sella turcica, as well as indistinct margins between the tumor and the opticochiasmatic apparatus should raise suspicion about the lesion.
Topics: Adolescent; Angiography; Astrocytoma; Brain Neoplasms; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 15287467
DOI: 10.3171/ped.2004.100.5.0525 -
Child's Nervous System : ChNS :... Jul 2019Juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma (JPA) is a World Health Organization (WHO) grade I tumor that is the commonest to occur in the 0-19 age group, with an excellent prognosis... (Review)
Review
Juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma (JPA) is a World Health Organization (WHO) grade I tumor that is the commonest to occur in the 0-19 age group, with an excellent prognosis of 96% 10-year survival in pediatric patients. Complete resection is the treatment of choice for JPAs. However, this is not always feasible due to the location of certain tumors, and the management following subtotal resection is controversial. Fractionated radiotherapy, chemotherapy, radiosurgery, and observation have all been used to treat tumor remnants. We report a young patient with good tumor control 23 years following low-dose Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) of a subtotally resected brainstem JPA and recommend that GKS may be a feasible treatment option to achieve long-term tumor control when subtotal resection cannot be achieved, even if the GKS prescription dose must be significantly reduced due to large tumor volume or proximity to critical structures sensitive to radiation.
Topics: Astrocytoma; Brain Stem; Brain Stem Neoplasms; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Infant; Male; Radiosurgery; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult
PubMed: 30997566
DOI: 10.1007/s00381-019-04147-7 -
Pediatrics in Review Sep 2021Spinal cord diseases in pediatric patients are highly variable in terms of presentation, pathology, and prognosis. Not only do they differ with respect to each other but... (Review)
Review
Spinal cord diseases in pediatric patients are highly variable in terms of presentation, pathology, and prognosis. Not only do they differ with respect to each other but so too with their adult equivalents. Some of the most common diseases are autoimmune (ie, multiple sclerosis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, and acute transverse myelitis), congenital (ie, dysraphism with spina bifida, split cord malformation, and tethered cord syndrome), tumor (ie, juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma, ependymoma, and hem-angioblastoma), and vascular (ie, cavernous malformations, arteriovenous malformations, and dural arteriovenous fistulas) in nature. These each require their own niche treatment paradigm and prognosis. Furthermore, presentation of different spinal cord diseases in children can be difficult to discern without epidemiologic and imaging data. Interpretation of these data is crucial to facilitating a timely and accurate diagnosis. Correspondingly, the aim of this review was to highlight the most pertinent features of the most common spinal cord diseases in the pediatric population.
Topics: Adult; Child; Encephalomyelitis, Acute Disseminated; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Myelitis, Transverse; Neural Tube Defects; Spinal Cord; Spinal Cord Diseases; Spinal Dysraphism
PubMed: 34470868
DOI: 10.1542/pir.2020-000661 -
Surgical Neurology Apr 1994The authors report a case of leptomeningeal spinal metastasis of chiasmatic juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma. A 7-year-old boy underwent surgery and radiation therapy for... (Review)
Review
The authors report a case of leptomeningeal spinal metastasis of chiasmatic juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma. A 7-year-old boy underwent surgery and radiation therapy for a chiasmatic pilocytic astrocytoma. Three years later he experienced a syndrome of medullary compression. A lumbosacral intradural extra-axial tumor was discovered and subtotally excised. Pathologic examination revealed a metastasis of the chiasmatic tumor without any evidence of malignant transformation. Only five cases of leptomeningeal spinal dissemination of pilocytic astrocytoma have been previously reported. The authors review and discuss the clinical and pathologic features of these cases.
Topics: Astrocytoma; Brain Neoplasms; Child; Humans; Male; Meningeal Neoplasms; Spinal Cord Neoplasms
PubMed: 8165503
DOI: 10.1016/0090-3019(94)90182-1 -
Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) Apr 2022Primary brain tumors are the most common solid neoplasms in children and a leading cause of mortality in this population. MRI plays a central role in the diagnosis,... (Review)
Review
Primary brain tumors are the most common solid neoplasms in children and a leading cause of mortality in this population. MRI plays a central role in the diagnosis, characterization, treatment planning, and disease surveillance of intracranial tumors. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of imaging methodology, including conventional and advanced MRI techniques, and illustrate the MRI appearances of common pediatric brain tumors.
PubMed: 35454009
DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12040961 -
Child's Nervous System : ChNS :... Sep 1999The authors report a juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma (JPA) in the trigone of an 11-year-old girl, apparently with disseminated lesions that disappeared spontaneously... (Review)
Review
The authors report a juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma (JPA) in the trigone of an 11-year-old girl, apparently with disseminated lesions that disappeared spontaneously after the removal of primary lesion. Gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance images (MRIs) showed features suggestive of the development of multicentric spread of the tumor at the initial diagnosis. Histologically the primary tumor showed the typical features of a JPA. Serial postoperative MRIs demonstrated that everything except a remnant of the primary tumor seemed to regress spontaneously without any adjuvant therapy. The site of origin of this tumor is thought to be the subependymal glia of the occipital lobe.
Topics: Astrocytoma; Cerebral Ventricle Neoplasms; Child; Female; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Neoplasm Regression, Spontaneous
PubMed: 10502010
DOI: 10.1007/s003810050443 -
Journal of Neurosurgical Sciences Jun 2023Juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma (JPA) typically follows an indolent clinical course. The first-line treatment for most JPAs is surgical resection. However, a gross total...
BACKGROUND
Juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma (JPA) typically follows an indolent clinical course. The first-line treatment for most JPAs is surgical resection. However, a gross total resection may not be feasible for deep-seated lesions and/or infiltrative tumors, leading to multimodal treatment approaches that may be complicated by patient age and tumor location. Despite the prevalence of pediatric JPAs, there is no single approach to treating progressive disease.
METHODS
We investigated the multifaceted management of progressive JPAs through a retrospective analysis of JPAs treated at a single center over an 18-year period (1998-2016). All cases were categorized according to location, whether supratentorial or infratentorial, and for each case we calculated the number of interventions and the time between interventions.
RESULTS
We identified a total of 40 JPAs, (11 supratentorial, 29 infratentorial). Total number of interventions among all supratentorial JPA patients was 21 (average 2 interventions/patient). The total number of interventions among infratentorial JPAs was 40 (average 1.4 interventions/patient).
CONCLUSIONS
Treatment of progressive JPA is variable and may require numerous surgeries and adjuvant therapies.
Topics: Humans; Child; Brain Neoplasms; Retrospective Studies; Astrocytoma
PubMed: 33870664
DOI: 10.23736/S0390-5616.21.05169-9