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Emergency Medicine Clinics of North... Feb 2019This article reviews the presentation, diagnosis, and management of common traumatic injuries of the ear, nose, and throat, including laryngeal trauma, auricular and... (Review)
Review
This article reviews the presentation, diagnosis, and management of common traumatic injuries of the ear, nose, and throat, including laryngeal trauma, auricular and septal hematomas, and tympanic membrane rupture.
Topics: Ear; Ear Diseases; Emergencies; Hematoma; Humans; Nasal Septum; Nose; Pharynx; Tympanic Membrane Perforation
PubMed: 30454776
DOI: 10.1016/j.emc.2018.09.011 -
Cancer Jan 1983A 21-year-old woman with acute lymphocytic leukemia developed clinical and radiographic signs of epiglottitis. Premortem and postmortem histologic studies showed...
A 21-year-old woman with acute lymphocytic leukemia developed clinical and radiographic signs of epiglottitis. Premortem and postmortem histologic studies showed invasive aspergillosis; Aspergillus flavus was grown in culture. The necrotizing nature of this infection is explained by the predilection of Aspergillus sp. for invasion of blood vessels. The usual causative agents of epiglottitis are bacteria; the association with fungal infection has not been previously described.
Topics: Adult; Aspergillosis; Aspergillus flavus; Epiglottis; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Laryngitis; Leukemia, Lymphoid
PubMed: 6401587
DOI: 10.1002/1097-0142(19830115)51:2<367::aid-cncr2820510234>3.0.co;2-g -
Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal Sep 2021Type 1 thyroplasty is an established procedure for the treatment of vocal fold paralysis to improve voice and swallowing outcomes. At our institution, we commonly...
OBJECTIVE
Type 1 thyroplasty is an established procedure for the treatment of vocal fold paralysis to improve voice and swallowing outcomes. At our institution, we commonly perform this procedure on an outpatient basis in medically stable patients. With this study, we assess the safety of outpatient thyroplasty by examining complication and readmission rates, need for revision surgery, and predictors of these outcome measures.
METHODS
We performed a retrospective review of patients undergoing outpatient type 1 thyroplasty for vocal fold paralysis between 2013 and 2018 at our institution. We documented the etiology of paralysis, comorbidities, and demographic data. Our primary outcome measures were complications, need for readmission, and need for revision surgery.
RESULTS
During the study period, 160 patients met our inclusion criteria. Mean age at time of surgery was 62.1 ± 13.9 years; there were 82 (51%) males and 78 (49%) females. Nine (5.6%) patients experienced major complications after surgery and 7 (4.4%) patients required unplanned readmission. Mean time to complication was 6.9 ± 9.7 days. There were no instances of postoperative airway compromise requiring intervention. There were no mortalities. Of those who underwent primary surgery, 22 (14%) patients required revision surgery.
CONCLUSION
Given that complications tend to occur in a delayed fashion rather than in the acute postoperative period, same-day discharge seems reasonable as compared to overnight observation in medically stable patients undergoing type 1 thyroplasty.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
IV.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Ambulatory Surgical Procedures; Female; Hematoma; Humans; Incidence; Intraoperative Complications; Laryngoplasty; Male; Middle Aged; Postoperative Complications; Reoperation; Retrospective Studies; Vocal Cord Paralysis; Vocal Cords; Voice Quality
PubMed: 31903781
DOI: 10.1177/0145561319894414 -
Otolaryngology--head and Neck Surgery :... Dec 1995Type I thyroplasty has become a primary surgical choice for voice restoration in patients with glottal incompetence. This study examines factors associated with...
Type I thyroplasty has become a primary surgical choice for voice restoration in patients with glottal incompetence. This study examines factors associated with laryngeal complications after type I thyroplasty. Ten laryngoscopic variables were analyzed from preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative videolaryngoscopies of 51 patients undergoing 58 medialization procedures. Ten patient and operative variables were examined by medical record review. Major complications were defined as wound hemorrhage, airway obstruction, or prosthesis extrusion. Minor complications were defined as vocal fold hematoma without airway obstruction or prosthesis movement. The major complication rate was 8.6%, and the minor complication rate was 29%. No delayed hemorrhage or airway obstruction occurred. Prosthesis extrusion occurred in five (8.6%) patients 1 week to 5 months after surgery. Extrusion was associated with suboptimal prosthesis placement in 80% of cases. Two patients retained excellent glottal closure despite extrusion. Vocal fold hematoma was identified in 14 (24%) cases and resolved within 1 week. Prosthesis movement occurred in three (5%) patients 1 week to 6 months after surgery and resulted in poor glottal closure. All patients with prosthesis extrusion or movement were female. Type I thyroplasty remains a safe outpatient procedure with few major complications. Prosthesis extrusion was associated with suboptimal prosthesis placement and may or may not result in poor glottal closure. Minor vocal fold hematomas were relatively frequent, resolved rapidly, and were not associated with airway obstruction. Female patients may be more prone to complications because of their small laryngeal size.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Female; Hematoma; Humans; Laryngeal Diseases; Larynx, Artificial; Male; Methods; Middle Aged; Postoperative Complications; Thyroid Cartilage; Vocal Cords; Voice Disorders
PubMed: 7501375
DOI: 10.1016/S0194-59989570003-X -
Journal of Forensic Sciences Sep 2020Finland has one of the highest homicide rates in Western Europe, and almost every tenth homicide is caused by asphyxiation. Reliable statistics, a strict legislation,...
Finland has one of the highest homicide rates in Western Europe, and almost every tenth homicide is caused by asphyxiation. Reliable statistics, a strict legislation, and an exceptionally high medico-legal autopsy rate formed a base for a nationwide analysis of asphyxia homicides (n = 383) during 30 years. The cases were identified through multiple records, and all the forensic pathology case files were studied in detail. In more than one out of five cases, there were indications of staging, and the homicide was revealed first at autopsy in close to one in ten cases. The vast majority of the homicides took place in private locations and involved persons known to each other. Every third victim was an intimate partner, and every tenth a child. Almost half of the victims died from manual strangulation, one in three from ligature strangulation. Smothering, choking, neck compression with a firm object, and thoracic compression were more rare methods. Drownings were excluded from this study material. Of all the victims, 7% had no observable external injuries. Petechiae were recorded in approximately in 61%, laryngohyoid fractures in 47%, and vocal cord hemorrhages in 16% of the cases. Every tenth female victim had genital injuries. Toxicological analyses were performed in close to all of the cases, and almost three out of four victims tested positive for blood alcohol. The various aspects of the demographics and autopsy findings covered in this study contribute reliable and accurate data to further strengthen the spectrum of observable medico-legal characteristics of asphyxia homicides.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Distribution; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Asphyxia; Blood Alcohol Content; Child; Child, Preschool; Crime Victims; Female; Finland; Forensic Medicine; Fractures, Bone; Fractures, Cartilage; Genitalia, Female; Hemorrhage; Homicide; Humans; Hyoid Bone; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Laryngeal Cartilages; Male; Middle Aged; Motivation; Purpura; Retrospective Studies; Sex Distribution; Substance Abuse Detection; Vocal Cords; Young Adult
PubMed: 32602942
DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.14458 -
Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal May 2023The larynx is an uncommon location for live foreign bodies. The leech can reach the glottis during consumption of contaminated water but is usually expelled by an...
The larynx is an uncommon location for live foreign bodies. The leech can reach the glottis during consumption of contaminated water but is usually expelled by an effective cough reflex. Patients present with hoarseness and dysphagia and occasionally with dyspnea or hemoptysis. Endoscopically, a mobile mass is usually noted in the supraglottic area. We present a rare case of a laryngeal leech in a 62-year-old-male farmer who lives in a rural area. The leech was removed successfully with direct laryngoscopy under general anesthesia.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Hemoptysis; Larynx; Laryngoscopy; Glottis; Hoarseness; Leeches
PubMed: 33765858
DOI: 10.1177/01455613211000804 -
The Surgical Clinics of North America Dec 1983
Review
Topics: Edema; Hematoma; Hemorrhage; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Hypoparathyroidism; Laryngeal Nerve Injuries; Myxedema; Paralysis; Recurrence; Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Injuries; Skin Diseases; Thyroidectomy
PubMed: 6359505
DOI: 10.1016/s0039-6109(16)43193-2 -
The Journal of Trauma Sep 2001
Topics: Algorithms; Child; Croup; Diagnostic Errors; Hematoma; Humans; Laryngoscopy; Larynx; Male; Respiratory Sounds; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Wounds, Nonpenetrating
PubMed: 11535911
DOI: 10.1097/00005373-200109000-00025 -
Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology 2024
Topics: Humans; Male; Penile Induration; Laryngitis; Immunoglobulin G; Middle Aged; Immunoglobulin G4-Related Disease
PubMed: 38350403
DOI: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2024.101395 -
Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal Jun 2020
Topics: Airway Obstruction; Anticoagulants; Ecchymosis; Epiglottis; Female; Hematoma; Humans; Medical Illustration; Middle Aged; Pharynx; Respiratory System; Tongue; Vocal Cords; Warfarin
PubMed: 31032658
DOI: 10.1177/0145561319837452