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Proceedings of the Royal Society of... Jul 1969
Topics: Heart Block; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Muscular Dystrophies; Pelvis; Shoulder
PubMed: 5803528
DOI: No ID Found -
Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology Oct 2022
Topics: Humans; Shoulder; Upper Extremity; Diagnostic Imaging
PubMed: 36535587
DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1758839 -
Journal of the American College of... Apr 2002Limb-sparing surgeries around the shoulder girdle pose a surgical difficulty, because tumors arising in this location are frequently large at presentation, are...
BACKGROUND
Limb-sparing surgeries around the shoulder girdle pose a surgical difficulty, because tumors arising in this location are frequently large at presentation, are juxtaposed to the neurovascular bundle, require en bloc resection of proportionally large amounts of bone and soft tissues, and necessitate complex resection and reconstruction.
STUDY DESIGN
Between 1980 and 1997, we treated 134 patients who presented with 110 primary malignant, 12 metastatic, and 12 benign aggressive bone and soft tissue tumors of the shoulder girdle and subsequently underwent a limb-sparing resection. Reconstruction of the bone defect included 92 proximal humerus and 9 scapular prostheses. All patients were followed up for a minimum of 2 years. We summarize the principles of limb-sparing resections of the shoulder girdle, with emphasis on the surgical anatomy of the shoulder girdle, principles of resection and reconstruction, and functional outcomes.
RESULTS
Function was estimated to be good or excellent in 101 patients (75.4%), moderate in 23 patients (17.1%), and poor in 10 patients (7.5%). Complications included 13 transient nerve palsies, 2 deep wound infections, and 1 prosthetic loosening. Local tumor recurrence occurred in 5 of 103 (4.9%) patients with primary sarcomas of the shoulder girdle.
CONCLUSIONS
Detailed preoperative evaluation and surgical planning are essential for performing a limb-sparing resection around the shoulder girdle. Local tumor control, associated with good functional outcomes, is achieved in the majority of patients.
Topics: Adult; Arm; Bone Neoplasms; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Humerus; Male; Postoperative Complications; Plastic Surgery Procedures; Scapula; Shoulder; Soft Tissue Neoplasms; Time Factors
PubMed: 11949748
DOI: 10.1016/s1072-7515(02)01124-9 -
Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part... May 2015The shoulder girdle in turtles is encapsulated in the shell and has a triradiate morphology. Due to its unique configuration among amniotes, many theories have been... (Review)
Review
The shoulder girdle in turtles is encapsulated in the shell and has a triradiate morphology. Due to its unique configuration among amniotes, many theories have been proposed about the skeletal identities of the projections for the past two centuries. Although the dorsal ramus represents the scapular blade, the ventral two rami remain uncertain. In particular, the ventrorostral process has been compared to a clavicle, an acromion, and a procoracoid based on its morphology, its connectivity to the rest of the skeleton and to muscles, as well as with its ossification center, cell lineage, and gene expression. In making these comparisons, the shoulder girdle skeleton of anurans has often been used as a reference. This review traces the history of the debate on the homology of the shoulder girdle in turtles. And based on the integrative aspects of developmental biology, comparative morphology, and paleontology, we suggest acromion and procoracoid identities for the two ventral processes.
Topics: Anatomy, Comparative; Animal Shells; Animals; Anura; Biological Evolution; Scapula; Shoulder; Shoulder Joint; Turtles
PubMed: 25052382
DOI: 10.1002/jez.b.22584 -
Developmental Dynamics : An Official... May 2011Limb development has long provided an excellent model for understanding the genetic principles driving embryogenesis. Studies utilizing chick and mouse have led to new... (Review)
Review
Limb development has long provided an excellent model for understanding the genetic principles driving embryogenesis. Studies utilizing chick and mouse have led to new insights into limb patterning and morphogenesis. Recent research has centered on the regulatory networks underlying limb development. Here, we discuss the hierarchical, overlapping, and iterative roles of Pbx family members in appendicular development that have emerged from genetic analyses in the mouse. Pbx genes are essential in determining limb bud positioning, early bud formation, limb axes establishment and coordination, and patterning and morphogenesis of most elements of the limb and girdle. Pbx proteins directly regulate critical effectors of limb and girdle development, including morphogen-encoding genes like Shh in limb posterior mesoderm, and transcription factor-encoding genes like Alx1 in pre-scapular domains. Interestingly, at least in limb buds, Pbx appear to act not only as Hox cofactors, but also in the upstream control of 5' HoxA/D gene expression.
Topics: Animals; Extremities; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Homeodomain Proteins; Humans; Mesoderm; Morphogenesis; Protein Binding
PubMed: 21416555
DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.22605 -
Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology Oct 2022Radiologic knowledge of different fracture patterns involving the shoulder girdle is an important tool to generate clinically relevant reports, identify concomitant... (Review)
Review
Radiologic knowledge of different fracture patterns involving the shoulder girdle is an important tool to generate clinically relevant reports, identify concomitant injuries, guide management decisions, and predict and minimize complications, such as nonunion, osteoarthritis, osteonecrosis, and hardware failure. Complex unstable injuries like scapulothoracic dissociation can also occur because of shoulder girdle trauma. Management options may vary from conservative to surgical, depending on the fracture type and patient factors. Injuries around the shoulder girdle can involve the glenohumeral articulation, scapula, superior shoulder suspensory complex, acromioclavicular joints, and scapulothoracic articulation.
Topics: Humans; Acromioclavicular Joint; Scapula; Shoulder; Shoulder Injuries; Shoulder Joint
PubMed: 36535588
DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1755431 -
Journal of the Neurological Sciences Mar 1995To better define limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD), we examined 58 patients clinically and pathologically who fulfilled the criteria for LGMD and had normal...
To better define limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD), we examined 58 patients clinically and pathologically who fulfilled the criteria for LGMD and had normal dystrophin expression in their muscle biopsies. Only 27.6% of patients had evidence of inheritance. The onset of disease varied from 2 to 58 years of age, averaging 17.2 years. The disease progression also differed from patient to patient. In addition to evidence of muscle fiber necrosis and regeneration, in all muscle biopsies there were fibers with architectural changes of disorganized intermyofibrillar networks including moth-eaten (100%), lobulated (40%), whorled (17%) and targetoid (8%) fibers. The lobulated fibers which have never been reported in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) were seen in the advanced stages of LGMD, although the significance of such fibers remains unknown. On immunohistochemical examination, dystrophin-associated proteins (DAPs) and laminin were normally expressed along the surface membrane of muscle fibers, including the lobulated fibers.
Topics: Adult; Cytoskeletal Proteins; Dystrophin; Extremities; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Membrane Glycoproteins; Membrane Proteins; Middle Aged; Muscles; Muscular Dystrophies; Necrosis; Regeneration; Utrophin
PubMed: 7751838
DOI: 10.1016/0022-510x(94)00231-c -
Brain : a Journal of Neurology Aug 2006
Topics: Electromyography; Extremities; Humans; Myasthenia Gravis; Neuromuscular Junction
PubMed: 16870882
DOI: 10.1093/brain/awl198 -
Orthopedics Nov 2019Limb salvage is the treatment of choice for malignant shoulder girdle tumors; however, there is a paucity of data examining the long-term outcome. The authors have...
Limb salvage is the treatment of choice for malignant shoulder girdle tumors; however, there is a paucity of data examining the long-term outcome. The authors have previously reported on a cohort of patients at short- and mid-term follow-up. The purpose of this study was to report the long-term outcome of shoulder reconstruction in terms of oncological and functional outcome. The authors reviewed 53 patients who underwent a limb salvage procedure for treatment of a tumor of the shoulder girdle. At a mean of 28 years following the resection, 76% of surviving patients were contacted and administered functional outcome scores using the Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) and Toronto Extremity Salvage (TESS). The 20-year survival and recurrence-free survival were 79% and 80%, respectively. Likewise, the 20-year revision survival was 75%, with a limb salvage rate of 94%. At last follow-up, the mean MSTS rating and TESS score were 75% and 85%, respectively, with 9 patients having improvement in their MSTS rating from the previous findings. Limb salvage following resection of shoulder girdle tumor resulted in acceptable means of oncological outcome and function. Some patients continued to experience improvements in functional outcome even at late (>20 years) follow-up. [Orthopedics. 2019; 42(6):e514-e520.].
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Bone Neoplasms; Child; Child, Preschool; Chondrosarcoma; Cohort Studies; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Limb Salvage; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Osteosarcoma; Plastic Surgery Procedures; Shoulder; Survival Rate; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult
PubMed: 31587080
DOI: 10.3928/01477447-20191001-01 -
Journal of Medical Genetics Nov 1997
Topics: Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; Diagnosis, Differential; Exons; Extremities; Gene Deletion; Humans; Muscular Atrophy, Spinal; Muscular Dystrophies; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neuronal Apoptosis-Inhibitory Protein; RNA-Binding Proteins; SMN Complex Proteins
PubMed: 9391899
DOI: 10.1136/jmg.34.11.958-a