-
Indian Journal of Dermatology 2015
PubMed: 26288420
DOI: 10.4103/0019-5154.160502 -
Seminars in Cutaneous Medicine and... Mar 1997The dyschromatoses are a group of disorders characterized by the presence of both hyperpigmented and hypopigmented macules, many of which are small in size and irregular... (Review)
Review
The dyschromatoses are a group of disorders characterized by the presence of both hyperpigmented and hypopigmented macules, many of which are small in size and irregular in shape. There are two major forms-dyschromatosis symmetrica hereditaria (DSH) and dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria (DUH), both of which are seen most commonly in Japan. DSH was first described by Toyama in 1929 and is characterized by a symmetrical distribution of hyperpigmented and hypopigmented macules on the extremities, especially over the dorsa of the hands and feet. In 1933, Ichikawa and Hiraga were the first to describe DUH as well-demarcated brown macules admixed with various-sized hypopigmented macules in a generalized as opposed to acral distribution. DUH was noted to appear within the first month of life. Some clinicians have suggested that DSH might be a subtype of DUH; however, we have to wait for the cloning of the causal genes of these diseases before coming to any definite conclusions. The differential diagnosis of dyschromatosis includes xeroderma pigmentosum, dyschromic amyloidosis, and exposure to chemicals such as diphenylcyclopropenone and monobenzyl ether of hydroquinone.
Topics: Age Factors; Amyloidosis; Cloning, Molecular; Cyclopropanes; Diagnosis, Differential; Extremities; Foot Dermatoses; Hand Dermatoses; Humans; Hydroquinones; Hyperpigmentation; Hypopigmentation; Infant, Newborn; Japan; Pigmentation Disorders; Skin Diseases; Xeroderma Pigmentosum
PubMed: 9125769
DOI: 10.1016/s1085-5629(97)80039-9 -
Cutis Mar 2016
Topics: Humans; Mastocytosis; Pigmentation Disorders
PubMed: 27023079
DOI: No ID Found -
Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral... Jul 2011Oral malignant melanoma must be differentiated from melanotic macule. (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
BACKGROUND
Oral malignant melanoma must be differentiated from melanotic macule.
STUDY DESIGN
Retrospective review of 2 series of oral melanotic macule (n = 52) and oral melanoma (n = 130) were conducted to investigate the epidemiology and location involved and assess their differences.
RESULTS
The mean age of oral melanotic macule patients was 47.3 years, with female:male ratio 2.1 and the lower lip being the predominant location. The mean age of oral melanoma patients was 53.8 years, with no observed sex predilection and the main locations being palate and gingiva. Differences between the 2 cohorts in age (P = .006), gender (P = .014), and lesion site (P < .001) were noted. In this review, 1 case of oral melanotic macule was found to subsequently develop into melanoma.
CONCLUSIONS
Oral melanotic macule may possess malignant potential. Biopsy is recommended to differentiate oral melanoma from melanotic macule for male patients >60 years old with suspected melanotic macule lesion located on the palate.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biopsy; Child; Child, Preschool; China; Cohort Studies; Diagnosis, Differential; Epidemiologic Studies; Female; Gingival Neoplasms; Humans; Male; Melanoma; Melanosis; Middle Aged; Mouth Diseases; Mouth Neoplasms; Palatal Neoplasms; Precancerous Conditions; Retrospective Studies; Sex Factors; Young Adult
PubMed: 21669356
DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2011.02.040 -
Indian Dermatology Online Journal 2017
PubMed: 28405569
DOI: 10.4103/2229-5178.202270 -
Indian Dermatology Online Journal 2020
PubMed: 32477991
DOI: 10.4103/idoj.IDOJ_106_19 -
Medicina Oral, Patologia Oral Y Cirugia... Sep 2007Oral melanoacanthoma (MA) is a rare, benign pigmented lesion, similar to cutaneous MA, characterized by hyperplasia of spinous keratinocytes and dendritic melanocytes.... (Review)
Review
Oral melanoacanthoma (MA) is a rare, benign pigmented lesion, similar to cutaneous MA, characterized by hyperplasia of spinous keratinocytes and dendritic melanocytes. The pathogenesis of oral MA remains uncertain, although its clinical behavior is suggestive of a reactive origin. The most common intraoral sites are the buccal mucosa, lip, palate and gingiva. The average age of presentation is 28 years, mainly in blacks, with a strong female predilection. The oral melanotic macule (MM) is a small, well-circumscribed brown-to-black macule that occurs on the lips and mucous membranes. The etiology is not clear and it may represent a physiologic or reactive process. The average age of presentation is 43 years, with a female predilection. A biopsy is recommended to distinguish these lesions from each other and from other oral melanocytic lesions. We depict four cases each of oral MA and MM, affecting Caucasian and Latin American mestizo patients. The clinicopathological features of these cases reflect its ample spectrum, and to the best of our knowledge, it is the first example of oral MA affecting a Caucasian boy reported in the English literature. Therefore oral MA and MM should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pigmented lesions in the oral mucosa in these populations.
Topics: Acanthoma; Adult; Child; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Melanosis; Mouth Diseases; Mouth Neoplasms
PubMed: 17767102
DOI: No ID Found -
Kathmandu University Medical Journal...Dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria (DUH) is a rare pigmentary genodermatosis usually inherited in autosomal dominant fashion characterized by multiple pinpoint to...
Dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria (DUH) is a rare pigmentary genodermatosis usually inherited in autosomal dominant fashion characterized by multiple pinpoint to pea-sized hypo- and hyper-pigmented macules arranged in reticulate pattern that develops within the first few years of life. An 11 years old boy presented with multiple gradually progressive asymptomatic hypopigmented macules on hyperpigmented background on trunk, extremities and face since 2 years of age. Family history was absent. Punch biopsies revealed increased number of melanocytes in the epidermis with basal cell vacuolar alteration and pigmentary incontinence and perivascular infiltration by lymphocytes and melanophages in the dermis. We herein present a sporadic case of dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria.
Topics: Child; Humans; Male; Melanosis; Pigmentation Disorders; Skin; Skin Diseases, Genetic
PubMed: 34812175
DOI: No ID Found -
Revue Medicale de Liege Jul 2023Zoon's balanitis is a rare genital dermatosis of unknown etiology, usually presenting as a red-orange macule or plaque with a «cayenne pepper» appearance on the glans...
Zoon's balanitis is a rare genital dermatosis of unknown etiology, usually presenting as a red-orange macule or plaque with a «cayenne pepper» appearance on the glans and/or foreskin. Unfortunately, atypical presentations are not uncommon, including vegetating or ulcerative lesions. Usually, it affects middle-age to older uncircumcised men. Although it is a benign pathology, Zoon's balanitis may be superimposed on another inflammatory or neoplastic dermatosis. As topical treatments are generally non satisfactory and relapses are usual on treatment with-drawal, circumcision remains an interesting option with usually a rapid and complete remission of the symptoms.
Topics: Male; Middle Aged; Humans; Balanitis; Circumcision, Male; Skin Diseases
PubMed: 37560959
DOI: No ID Found -
Skinmed 2019Nevus depigmentosus, a disorder of hypopigmentation, occurs in both sexes and all races. It most commonly presents in early infancy and childhood as a nonprogressive... (Review)
Review
Nevus depigmentosus, a disorder of hypopigmentation, occurs in both sexes and all races. It most commonly presents in early infancy and childhood as a nonprogressive hypomelanotic macule. It is considered a form of cutaneous mosaicism due to somatic mutation in pigmentary genes, which results in functional impairment of melanocytes. Clinical forms include localized, segmental, and systemized. Rare cases of nevus depigmentosus may be associated with systemic features. Treatment is usually not required, although certain techniques such as suction-blister grafting, excimer laser, and cosmetic camouflage have been tried with variable results. Counseling of parents plays a significant role to allay apprehension and anxiety.
Topics: Humans; Hypopigmentation; Mosaicism; Nevus; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 31145059
DOI: No ID Found