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Proceedings (Baylor University. Medical... Jan 2008
PubMed: 18209759
DOI: 10.1080/08998280.2008.11928363 -
Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia Mar 2018
Topics: Adult; Biopsy; Female; Humans; Melanosis; Rare Diseases; Tongue Diseases
PubMed: 29723359
DOI: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20187336 -
The American Journal of Dermatopathology Jul 2022Recent studies have argued that melanocyte preferentially expressed nuclear antigen in melanoma (PRAME) is a sensitive and specific immunohistochemical marker of...
Preferentially Expressed Nuclear Antigen in Melanoma Expression in Melanocytic Activation (Melanotic Macule) of the Nail Unit. A Potential Diagnostic Pitfall? A Study of 3 Cases.
Recent studies have argued that melanocyte preferentially expressed nuclear antigen in melanoma (PRAME) is a sensitive and specific immunohistochemical marker of melanoma, including acral melanoma. In addition, loss of p16 expression has recently been suggested to have diagnostic utility in acral melanocytic tumors. The purpose of this study was to report PRAME expression in 3 cases of melanocytic activation (MAN). There were 2 men and 1 woman ranging in age at diagnosis from 46 years to 78 years (mean 61, 6 years). All cases involved a single digit. One lesion was in the fingernail (fifth finger), whereas the remaining 2 lesions were in the toenails (hallux). All the patient presented with a longitudinal melanonychia. The width of the lesions varied from 3 mm (2 cases) to 4 mm (1 case). The duration of the lesions before diagnosis varied from 12 to 24 months. Distinction of MAN from melanoma in situ is not always easy. Some morphological misleading features are illustrated in this study: (1) the suprabasal location of matrix melanocytes with long and thick dendrites within the 2-4 germinative cell layers; (2) the microconfluence of 2 melanocytes and rare melanocytes with a relatively large nucleus, however in a general context of melanocyte scarcity; and (3) the occasional nonspecific nuclear microphtalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) staining of keratogeneous cells. Such staining could suggest a pagetoid spread of melanocytes in the keratogenous zone. PRAME antibody revealed a strong and diffuse staining in all cases. In addition, all cases were p16 negative. In this study, the melanocyte count inferior to 9 melanocytes/mm and the lack of nuclear atypia or confluence of melanocytes permitted a confident diagnosis of MAN. Limitations of our study lie largely in the small number of cases. Despite this, the expression of PRAME in some MAN seems to hamper its diagnostic value in differentiating benign from malignant lesion.
Topics: Aged; Antigens, Neoplasm; Antigens, Nuclear; Female; Humans; Male; Melanocytes; Melanoma; Middle Aged; Nails; Skin Neoplasms; Melanoma, Cutaneous Malignant
PubMed: 35220324
DOI: 10.1097/DAD.0000000000002156 -
Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift Fur... Mar 1997We studied the clinical and histopathologic features in five patients with reticulated lentigo. This peculiar pigmented skin lesions has previously been described under...
We studied the clinical and histopathologic features in five patients with reticulated lentigo. This peculiar pigmented skin lesions has previously been described under the designations "acquired reticulated lentigo", ink spot lentigo, "reticulated melanotic macule" or "reticulated lentigo". Each of the 4 males and 1 females in our study (age range: 16 to 57 years; mean age: 34 years) had a single, 4-6 mm large, black macule with irregular, fingerlike extensions at the periphery. All lesions were situated on the upper back and surrounded by numerous sun-induced freckles. Dermatoscopic examination revealed irregularly formed "meshes" and confirmed the reticulated pattern seen clinically. Reticulated lentigo presented mostly in individuals with skin type 1, red to blond hair, and blue eyes. The clinical diagnosis in 4 out of 5 cases was melanoma in situ. Histopathologically, reticulated lentigo was mainly characterized by a sharply circumscribed hyperpigmentation of the lower epidermis with accentuation at the tips of elongated and clubbed rete ridges. In addition, a normal or slightly increased melanocyte number in the basal layer and an infiltrate of melanophages in the upper dermis was noted. Reticulated lentigo shows histopathologic features similar to those of melanotic macules on volar skin and mucous membranes. Because of its characteristic clinical, dermatoscopic and histopathologic features reticulated lentigo can be regarded as a distinctive clinicopathologic entity.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Antigens, Neoplasm; Biomarkers, Tumor; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Lentigo; Male; Melanocytes; Melanoma-Specific Antigens; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Proteins; Skin
PubMed: 9182089
DOI: 10.1007/s001050050567 -
American Family Physician Apr 2007
Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Hypopigmentation; Infant; Tuberous Sclerosis
PubMed: 17427621
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of the American Academy of... Nov 2021Fanconi anemia (FA) is a genetic disorder that results in bone marrow failure, physical abnormalities, and solid organ malignancies. The diagnosis of FA is often delayed...
BACKGROUND
Fanconi anemia (FA) is a genetic disorder that results in bone marrow failure, physical abnormalities, and solid organ malignancies. The diagnosis of FA is often delayed because the early disease characteristics have not been well established.
OBJECTIVE
To outline the spectrum of cutaneous findings seen in patients with FA.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study in which patients with FA received a full-body skin examination. Patient characteristics are summarized with mean (SD) for continuous and count (%) for categorical variables. Poisson regression and logistic regression models were used to examine the relationships between pigmentary changes and patient characteristics.
RESULTS
At least 1 cutaneous pigmentary alteration was present in 96.8% of patients, most arising before the teenage years. The most common finding was café-au-lait macules. Other findings included hypopigmented macules, skin-fold freckle-like macules, extensive sun-exposed freckling, and both hypopigmented and hyperpigmented pigment macules.
LIMITATIONS
Patients received a single assessment, so the number of pigmentary changes could not be assessed over time.
CONCLUSIONS
Characteristic morphology of FA includes faint and ill-defined café-au-lait macules, hypopigmented skin-fold freckle-like macules and the concurrence of hypopigmented and hyperpigmented macules. The recognition of these findings could aid clinicians in making earlier diagnoses.
Topics: Adolescent; Cafe-au-Lait Spots; Cross-Sectional Studies; Fanconi Anemia; Humans; Hyperpigmentation; Melanosis
PubMed: 32822789
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.08.047 -
American Family Physician Nov 1987The solitary brown macule is a common skin lesion that may be benign or malignant. The lesion may represent a disorder of melanocytes, nervus cells or hemosiderin....
The solitary brown macule is a common skin lesion that may be benign or malignant. The lesion may represent a disorder of melanocytes, nervus cells or hemosiderin. Clinical differentiation can be difficult, and biopsy may be necessary for a definitive diagnosis.
Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Keratosis; Lentigo; Melanoma; Melanosis; Nevus, Pigmented; Skin Diseases; Skin Neoplasms; Skin Pigmentation
PubMed: 3687659
DOI: No ID Found -
Actas Dermo-sifiliograficas Sep 2014
Topics: Child; Hemangioma; Humans; Male; Skin; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 24838225
DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2013.12.006 -
Dermatology (Basel, Switzerland) 2012
Topics: Adult; Dermoscopy; Female; Humans; Lip Diseases; Male; Melanosis; Microscopy, Confocal; Middle Aged
PubMed: 22414589
DOI: 10.1159/000336775 -
Archives of Dermatology Jun 2003Circumscribed oral melanotic macules in adults are a well-defined entity. Congenital oral melanotic macules, however, are rare and not well characterized. We report 5...
BACKGROUND
Circumscribed oral melanotic macules in adults are a well-defined entity. Congenital oral melanotic macules, however, are rare and not well characterized. We report 5 cases of congenital lingual melanotic lesions with consistent clinical and histologic features.
OBSERVATIONS
Congenital lingual melanotic macules presented in all cases at birth, followed by proportional growth. Clinical findings were well-circumscribed, brown, single or multiple macules on the tongue, 2 to 5 mm in size, without history of bleeding, ulceration, or trauma. Family history was negative for similar pigmented lesions. A literature review showed only 2 previous clinical case reports with similar features. Histopathologic examination showed increased melanin pigmentation in the basal epidermal layer with varying degrees of overlying hyperkeratosis and subepidermal pigment-laden macrophages. No appreciable increase in melanocyte number, junctional nests of melanocytes, or cell atypia was noted. Two retrospective histopathology reviews mention 4 corresponding cases but report no clinical data.
CONCLUSION
The congenital lingual melanotic macule represents a clinically distinct, benign, pigmented oral melanotic lesion, and may be more common than the literature suggests.
Topics: Female; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Male; Melanosis; Tongue Diseases
PubMed: 12810508
DOI: 10.1001/archderm.139.6.767