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Virchows Archiv. A, Pathological... 1993Malignant myoepithelioma of the salivary gland is discussed in terms of its clinical behaviour, morphological features and the frequent pre-existence of a pleomorphic... (Review)
Review
Malignant myoepithelioma of the salivary gland is discussed in terms of its clinical behaviour, morphological features and the frequent pre-existence of a pleomorphic adenoma. The study comprised six female and four male patients aged 14-63 years (mean age 38.9 years). Two tumours presented as intraoral lesions and eight were located in the parotid gland. Tumour cells displayed a morphological spectrum ranging from round epithelioid cells to spindle-shaped and stellate cells. Most cells displayed reactivity for high molecular weight keratins and in four tumours there was strong immunoreactivity for smooth muscle actin. Malignant myoepithelioma seems to arise in two different clinical settings: either de novo or in a recurrent pleomorphic adenoma. De novo malignant myoepitheliomas arise in normal salivary gland, tend to be more aggressive and have a short clinical history. Recurrences may not develop or may occur as a single event within a short time interval, and metastases develop in the lungs. Malignant myoepitheliomas arising in recurrent pleomorphic adenomas have a long clinical history, are characterized by multiple recurrences and have to be distinguished from aggressive carcinomas arising in these adenomas. In contrast, the tumours described in the present series arising in pleomorphic adenomas showed local aggressiveness and metastases did not occur until decades after the first treatment. The general opinion that all malignant tumours that arise from pleomorphic adenomas are highly aggressive is not confirmed by the present study.
Topics: Adenoma, Pleomorphic; Adolescent; Adult; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Middle Aged; Myoepithelioma; Neoplasms, Second Primary; Salivary Gland Neoplasms
PubMed: 8116228
DOI: 10.1007/BF01607152 -
International Journal of Clinical and... 2014In this article, we described a malignant myoepithelioma of the breast (MMB) in a 69-year-old woman. Breast cancer derived from myoepithelial cells is very rare, usually... (Review)
Review
In this article, we described a malignant myoepithelioma of the breast (MMB) in a 69-year-old woman. Breast cancer derived from myoepithelial cells is very rare, usually benign. The diagnosis of MMB based on histological and immunohistochemical finding. In this case, the author diagnosed the tumor as MMB, because tumor tissues were immunopositive for 34βE12, P63, SMA, S-100, CD10, E-Cad and Ki-67, and immunnegative for CK5/6, desmin, ER, PR and C-erbB-2, because tumor tissue showed invasive growth and local hemorrhage or necrosis, suggesting malignant, and also because there was a transition between the tumor cells and hyperplastic myoepithelium of non-tumorous ducts. The patient's postoperative recovery is smooth and regular following of patient is essential.
Topics: Aged; Biomarkers, Tumor; Biopsy; Breast Neoplasms; Cell Proliferation; Female; Humans; Hyperplasia; Immunohistochemistry; Mastectomy, Radical; Myoepithelioma; Necrosis; Neoplasm Invasiveness
PubMed: 24966981
DOI: No ID Found -
The Malaysian Journal of Pathology Dec 2011Myoepithelial lesions of the breast are extremely rare and can present with a diverse morphology. We report a case of malignant myoepithelioma characterized by... (Review)
Review
Myoepithelial lesions of the breast are extremely rare and can present with a diverse morphology. We report a case of malignant myoepithelioma characterized by proliferation of atypical oval to polygonal cells expressing typical myoepithelial markers. A 45-year-old lady presented with a mass in the left breast. Fine needle aspiration yielded a cellular smear with large papillae-like clusters of monomorphic cells with naked nuclei in the background. A diagnosis of sub-areolar sclerosing duct hyperplasia was made on cytology and the patient underwent excision. The surgical specimen showed a grey-white 5x3 cm mass on cut surface. Histopathology revealed mitotically active (5-6 per 10hpf) oval to polygonal cells tumor cells with clear to eosinophilic cytoplasm arranged in the form of nodules separated by dense sclerotic stroma mimicking clear cell or adenoid-cystic carcinoma. A diagnosis of malignant myoepithelioma was made as the cells were CK14 and SMA positive, and negative for ER and PR on immunohistochemistry. We discuss the unusual morphological features of malignant myoepithelioma, cytological findings and the important differential diagnoses of malignant myoepthelial lesions. A high degree of suspicion with a keen eye for morphological details coupled with relevant immunohistochemistry will aid in arriving at the diagnosis.
Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Breast Neoplasms; Carcinoma; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Middle Aged; Myoepithelioma
PubMed: 22299214
DOI: No ID Found -
Archives D'anatomie Et de Cytologie... 1996Malignant myoepitheliomas of the breast are rare. We report a case of spindle cell malignant myoepithelioma studied by light microscopy and immunohistochemistry. The... (Review)
Review
Malignant myoepitheliomas of the breast are rare. We report a case of spindle cell malignant myoepithelioma studied by light microscopy and immunohistochemistry. The malignant myoepithelial cells stained positively for cytokeratins, smooth muscle actin and vimentin, but not for epithelial membrane antigen. The tumor showed a focal positivity for S100 protein. A short review of the morphology and immunohistochemistry of cases reported in the international literature is given in a table. Morphologically malignant myoepitheliomas can be subdivided into spindle cell malignant myoepitheliomas and malignant adenomyoepitheliomas.
Topics: Breast Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Middle Aged; Myoepithelioma
PubMed: 9157829
DOI: No ID Found -
The British Journal of Radiology Jul 2010We report an extremely rare case of malignant myoepithelioma presenting as a cortical osseous lesion on the humeral shaft with a satellite lesion. A 21-year-old man... (Review)
Review
We report an extremely rare case of malignant myoepithelioma presenting as a cortical osseous lesion on the humeral shaft with a satellite lesion. A 21-year-old man presented with persistent pain of the right upper arm after local trauma that had occurred 2 months earlier. Radiological examination revealed an expansile osseous tumour based on the cortex of the humeral shaft as well as a satellite lesion. En bloc resection was performed. Microscopic examination with immunohistochemical staining was used to establish a diagnosis of malignant myoepithelioma. Osseous malignant myoepithelioma occurring in long tubular bones rather than in bony structures with salivary tissue is extremely rare. Here, we demonstrate radiological and pathological features of a malignant myoepithelioma that developed in the cortex of the humeral shaft and review previously reported cases.
Topics: Bone Neoplasms; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Humerus; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Myoepithelioma; Positron-Emission Tomography; Young Adult
PubMed: 20603404
DOI: 10.1259/bjr/64670838 -
World Journal of Surgical Oncology Jan 2024A malignant myoepithelioma is a rare tumor, mostly arising from the salivary glands. Myoepitheliomas of the ear have rarely been reported. The manuscript reports... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
A malignant myoepithelioma is a rare tumor, mostly arising from the salivary glands. Myoepitheliomas of the ear have rarely been reported. The manuscript reports myoepithelial carcinoma of the external auditory canal (EAC) spreading to the infratemporal fossa. A clinician must be aware of anatomical variation of the bony EAC wall, such as the foramen of Huschke. This rare defect may be a pathway for spreading pathologies between these two anatomical regions.
CASE REPORT
We present a case of osteoma-like stenosis of the EAC, which turned out to be an extremely rare malignant tumor. The preoperative MRI and PET/CT revealed that two parts of the tumor communicated through a defect in the antero-inferior portion of the bony ear canal. No distant metastases were detected. Subsequently, the tumor was resected from the ear canal and the infratemporal fossa en bloc. Perioperatively the defect in the EAC wall was suspected of the foramen of Huschke. After the surgery, the older scans of the patient from the past showed no presence of a congenital EAC wall defect. Therefore, the authors concluded that the tumor aggressively grew through the bone due to its biological nature.
CONCLUSION
Malignant myoepithelioma of the external auditory canal is an extremely rare condition and could be misdiagnosed as other benign lesions. In cases of suspicious lesions, it is advisable to do a probatory biopsy from the EAC. Surgery is the treatment of choice in malignant myoepitheliomas, and regular follow-ups are essential to monitor for recurrence or metastatic disease. Any mass located at the antero-inferior portion of the EAC wall warrants close evaluation due to its potential for expansion from the EAC.
Topics: Humans; Ear Canal; Myoepithelioma; Clinical Relevance; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Carcinoma
PubMed: 38268020
DOI: 10.1186/s12957-024-03317-5 -
Breast (Edinburgh, Scotland) Dec 2004Primary clear cell tumors of the breast are uncommon and often present a diagnostic challenge. We describe an extremely rare case of glycogen-rich clear cell malignant... (Review)
Review
Primary clear cell tumors of the breast are uncommon and often present a diagnostic challenge. We describe an extremely rare case of glycogen-rich clear cell malignant myoepithelioma in a 43-year-old woman. Histologically, this tumor is composed of clear cells with abundant cytoplasmic glycogen particles. Immunohistochemically, these tumor cells show co-expression of vimentin, smooth muscle actin, epithelial membrane antigen, S-100 protein, and cytokeratin as evidence of myoepithelial cell tumor. The pathological staging of the patient is IIB (pT3N0M0) and the nuclear grading is 2. The patient demonstrated no evidence of recurrence or metastasis over a period of 42 months. We suggest that glycogen-rich clear cell malignant myoepithelioma be included in the histological differential diagnosis of clear cell tumors of the breast.
Topics: Breast Neoplasms; Combined Modality Therapy; Cytoplasm; Female; Glycogen; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Myoepithelioma
PubMed: 15563859
DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2004.07.003 -
Clinical Imaging May 2020The spectrum of myoepithelial tumors usually occur in the salivary glands, and occasionally in the skin, breast, upper aero-digestive tract, and soft tissues. The... (Review)
Review
The spectrum of myoepithelial tumors usually occur in the salivary glands, and occasionally in the skin, breast, upper aero-digestive tract, and soft tissues. The myoepithelial tumors have no sex predominance and usually present within a wide range of age of distribution around the third and fifth decades. We describe a 12 year old male patient with primary malignant myoepithelial tumor in the foot plantar soft tissues. Including this tumor with unusual location, and age of presentation is essential in the differential diagnosis for soft tissue tumors in the pediatric population.
Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Child; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Male; Myoepithelioma; Plantar Plate; Sarcoma; Soft Tissue Neoplasms
PubMed: 32000118
DOI: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2019.11.014 -
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial... Oct 1994
Review
Topics: Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Myoepithelioma; Palatal Neoplasms
PubMed: 8089798
DOI: 10.1016/0278-2391(94)90183-x -
Pathology International Oct 2003Dedifferentiated salivary gland tumor is a rare, recently recognized tumor type. A case of dedifferentiated malignant myoepithelioma in a 59-year-old man who presented... (Review)
Review
Dedifferentiated salivary gland tumor is a rare, recently recognized tumor type. A case of dedifferentiated malignant myoepithelioma in a 59-year-old man who presented with a painful mass in the left preauricular region is reported. Histologically, two distinct neoplastic cell populations were observed in the same tumor mass. The first population was composed of solid nests of polygonal eosinophilic or glycogen-rich clear cells showing neoplastic myoepithelial immunocytological features, such as positivity for cytokeratins, vimentin, S-100 protein (S-100), alpha-smooth muscle actin (SMA) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). A multinodular growth pattern, necrosis and occasional mitotic figures suggested malignancy. This population was diagnosed as low-grade malignant myoepithelioma. The second population infiltrated diffusely into the parotid gland and facial nerves. It consisted of polygonal or short spindle cells with obvious pleomorphism and atypical mitoses. The tumor cells were positive for vimentin and cytokeratins, and showed an accumulation of p53 and cyclin D1. S-100 protein, SMA and GFAP were negative. This population was regarded as undifferentiated carcinoma. A final diagnosis of dedifferentiated malignant myoepithelioma was made. This seems to be the first published case of dedifferentiation in malignant myoepithelioma. Because any tumor type can undergo dedifferentiation with accumulation of additional genetic changes, complete sampling should be the standard approach to all salivary gland tumors in order to avoid missing a dedifferentiation component.
Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Middle Aged; Myoepithelioma; Neoplasm Proteins; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Parotid Gland; Parotid Neoplasms; Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 14516322
DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1827.2003.01536.x