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Radiologic Technology Nov 2019
Review
Topics: Breast Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Mammography; Safety Management
PubMed: 31685598
DOI: No ID Found -
Radiologic Clinics of North America Sep 2004When evaluating mammograms, one looks for masses, areas of asymmetry or architectural distortion, and microcalcifications. This article discusses the imaging evaluation... (Review)
Review
When evaluating mammograms, one looks for masses, areas of asymmetry or architectural distortion, and microcalcifications. This article discusses the imaging evaluation and the management of lesions found on screening and diagnostic mammography, with the focus on commonly encountered questions and dilemmas.
Topics: Breast Diseases; Breast Neoplasms; Calcinosis; Female; Humans; Mammography
PubMed: 15337421
DOI: 10.1016/j.rcl.2004.06.002 -
Radiologic Technology 2002After completing this article on mammographic processing, readers will: Understand the relationship between mammography and breast cancer survival. Define quality... (Review)
Review
After completing this article on mammographic processing, readers will: Understand the relationship between mammography and breast cancer survival. Define quality assurance and quality control. Discuss the history of the Mammography Quality Standards Act. List the important considerations in processor setup. Name the tests in the medical physicist survey. Know how to perform daily processor quality control. Understand the importance of continuous quality improvement.
Topics: Breast Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Mammography; Quality Assurance, Health Care
PubMed: 12362534
DOI: No ID Found -
Radiologic Clinics of North America Sep 19871. Three-phase and constant potential generators may offer advantages over single-phase generators. These include shorter exposure times with less chance for motion... (Review)
Review
1. Three-phase and constant potential generators may offer advantages over single-phase generators. These include shorter exposure times with less chance for motion unsharpenss, more adequate exposure and possible lower dose, and longer tube life. 2. Control of tube voltage in increments of 1 kVp are desirable for screen-film mammography and 2 kVp for xeromammography. 3. Tube loading limitations should be capable of allowing an adequate mA and mAs output. A mammography unit with a lower mA output may require longer exposure times with consequent motion unsharpness and/or higher dose. The maximum mA output is limited by the power rating of the tube and not by the power rating of the generator, which is usually much higher. Thus, tube rating charts rather than generator power rating should be used to compare the mA output of different mammography units. 4. Phototimer capability can reduce exam time, facilitate proper exposure, and reduce radiation dose. Units with a greater number of density steps and three or more photocell locations, one of which is near the edge of the film holder, provide better phototimer results. 5. A molybdenum target, beryllium window tube with 0.03 mm molybdenum added filtration is presently preferred for screen-film mammography. A tungsten target tube with 1 to 2 mm added aluminum filtration is advised for xeromammography. 6. Effective local spot size for contact mammography should be in the range of 0.2 to 0.5 mm. However, high resolution also requires sufficiently long source-to-image-receptor distances. Using measured focal spot size and source-to-image-receptor distance, it has been shown that some mammography units do not fully utilize the resolution capabilities of some available screen-film systems. On the other hand, a focal spot that is too small may limit the field size and lead to uneven energy distribution in the x-ray field. 7. In order to perform standard and supplementary mammographic projections, the C arm assembly must be capable of being located at multiple positions within a 180 degrees rotation. Greater degrees of rotation are not required. 8. The heat dissipation capability should be adequate to accommodate the anticipated work-load in terms of number of patients and patient scheduling. A mammographic unit with an anode heat capacity of 90,000 heat units or more should be adequate for most practices. A mammography unit with a heat capacity of 20,000 heat units or less may require waiting time between exposures or studies in a high-volume mammography practice. 9. The compression plate should be made of plastic, usually 1 to 4 mm thick.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Topics: Female; Humans; Mammography; X-Ray Intensifying Screens; Xeromammography
PubMed: 3306772
DOI: No ID Found -
Clinical Imaging Apr 2020It's been ten years since the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force pulled back on recommendations for breast cancer screening in women ages 40 - 49 years. After a decade... (Review)
Review
It's been ten years since the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force pulled back on recommendations for breast cancer screening in women ages 40 - 49 years. After a decade of negative reports, most physicians are aware of mammography's limits. Today, many women avoid, delay or deliberately skip getting screened. As invasive breast cancer rates have been rising, and breast cancer remains a leading cause of death, truthful information about screening is critical for public health. Unfortunately, many reports about mammography exaggerate its harms and over-estimate overdiagnosis. The public should be aware of current evidence supporting the benefit of breast cancer screening, including a 40% decline in the U.S. mortality rate in the mammography era. Delayed diagnosis has a downside, about which women should be informed. Contrary to popular views, breast cancer stage remains a key determinant of long-term prognosis. For the most common form of breast cancer, small tumor size and lack of lymph node involvement portend significantly better outcomes than larger tumors with positive nodes. Although mammography is not full-proof, the technology continues to improve; it is currently the best tool for finding breast cancer before it is greater than 2 centimeters or has spread. Interdisciplinary discussion of this topic by primary care physicians, oncologists, radiologists, public health experts, pathologists, and patient advocates would serve women's health.
Topics: Adult; Breast Neoplasms; Early Detection of Cancer; Female; Humans; Mammography; Mass Screening; Middle Aged; Prognosis; United States
PubMed: 30982701
DOI: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2019.03.011 -
Journal of the National Cancer Institute Jun 2014
Topics: Breast Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Mammography; Medically Underserved Area; Sensitivity and Specificity
PubMed: 24872544
DOI: 10.1093/jnci/dju125 -
Gynecologie, Obstetrique & Fertilite Oct 2003Digital mammography is an irreversible evolution which will gradually replace analog mammography. Detector technology differs among manufacturers. Expected clinical... (Review)
Review
Digital mammography is an irreversible evolution which will gradually replace analog mammography. Detector technology differs among manufacturers. Expected clinical advantages are improved diagnostic performances, improved reproducibility, dose reduction, dedicated applications (CAD), archiving and telemammography. Limiting problems are at cost, reorganization of the breast imaging unit and the medical workflow.
Topics: Breast Neoplasms; Equipment Design; Female; Humans; Mammography; Radiographic Image Enhancement; Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted
PubMed: 14642945
DOI: 10.1016/j.gyobfe.2003.08.005 -
Nihon Hoshasen Gijutsu Gakkai Zasshi Jun 2003
Review
Topics: Breast Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Mammography; Radiation Dosage; Radiographic Image Enhancement
PubMed: 12881672
DOI: 10.6009/jjrt.kj00003174148 -
Archives of Internal Medicine Mar 1988
Topics: Female; Humans; Mammography; Pain Measurement; Patient Education as Topic; Pressure
PubMed: 3341849
DOI: No ID Found -
Radiologic Technology 2012Mammography is perhaps the most heavily legislated medical procedure, and medical malpractice lawsuits are filed against mammographers for several reasons, including...
Mammography is perhaps the most heavily legislated medical procedure, and medical malpractice lawsuits are filed against mammographers for several reasons, including mammogram misread and delayed diagnosis. Perhaps the driving force behind mammography litigation is public perception of mammography's effectiveness. Surveys have indicated that the public attributes 100% sensitivity to mammography, whereas its actual sensitivity is approximately 79%. Fear of litigation affects mammography practice, and several initiatives have been suggested to address the problem of rampant mammography litigation, including increasing public awareness, to improve working conditions for mammographers and to ensure the future of this lifesaving procedure.
Topics: Breast Neoplasms; Diagnostic Errors; Female; Health Services Misuse; Humans; Male; Malpractice; Mammography; Prevalence; United States
PubMed: 22596034
DOI: No ID Found