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Nature Dec 2014
Topics: Animals; Aquatic Organisms; Career Choice; Ecology; Employment; Internship and Residency; Marine Biology; Students; Vocational Guidance; Workforce
PubMed: 25517006
DOI: 10.1038/nj7530-277a -
Marine Genomics Dec 2017
Topics: Biotechnology; Conservation of Natural Resources; Europe; Marine Biology
PubMed: 29237565
DOI: 10.1016/j.margen.2017.11.012 -
Nature Dec 2015
Topics: Interdisciplinary Communication; Marine Biology; Mathematics; Workforce
PubMed: 26677466
DOI: 10.1038/nj7581-295a -
Acta Medico-historica Adriatica : AMHA Jun 2017The nineteenth century was the time of a real revolution in science and medicine. A lot of seminal discoveries in medicine and biology were done in this time, and many... (Review)
Review
The nineteenth century was the time of a real revolution in science and medicine. A lot of seminal discoveries in medicine and biology were done in this time, and many of them were coincident with the introduction of the compound microscope by Hermann van Deijl and the standard histological technique by Paul Ehrlich. The main tissue types and individual cells were characterized and originally classified more than hundred years ago, although less attention was paid to their basic functions. This was mainly due to the modality of tissue specimen processing that allowed particularly detailed descriptive studies. Even so, we can notice some attempts to correlate the structure with the function. The German scientist Paul Langerhans, well-known for the discovery of Langerhans islets of the pancreas and Langerhans cells from the epidermis, tried to change the conventional fate of morphological studies introducing in his works functional hypothesis based on traditional microscopic observations even from the beginning of his scientific career. Paul Langerhans was a complex personality of the second half of the nineteenth century, not only in medicine, but also in other fields of biology. In the present review, presented is the life and research activity of Paul Langerhans, not only because of the importance of his discoveries, but also for perspectives that were opened by these findings in unexpected fields of medicine and biology.
Topics: Histology; History, 19th Century; Marine Biology
PubMed: 28767266
DOI: 10.31952/amha.15.1.7 -
Current Biology : CB Jun 2017The marine environment is the planet's largest, yet in many respects the least accessible. Our human sensory repertoire, with its emphasis on vision and air-adapted...
The marine environment is the planet's largest, yet in many respects the least accessible. Our human sensory repertoire, with its emphasis on vision and air-adapted hearing, does not serve us well underwater. Underwater vision is often limited and as divers we find hearing of little, or no, use. Yet we know from the physics that underwater sound has properties well suited to serve as sensory and communication channels for suitably-adapted marine animals. The rapidly developing area of marine bioacoustics seeks to characterise underwater sound in relation to the acoustic capability of particular species (acoustic habitat), and discover the role of acoustics in the lives of marine animals (acoustic ecology) (Clarke et al., 2011).
Topics: Acoustics; Animals; Aquatic Organisms; Hearing; Marine Biology; Oceans and Seas; Sound
PubMed: 28586687
DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2017.01.041 -
Marine Drugs Mar 2017In previous review articles the attention of the biocatalytically oriented scientific community towards the marine environment as a source of biocatalysts focused on the... (Review)
Review
In previous review articles the attention of the biocatalytically oriented scientific community towards the marine environment as a source of biocatalysts focused on the habitat-related properties of marine enzymes. Updates have already appeared in the literature, including marine examples of oxidoreductases, hydrolases, transferases, isomerases, ligases, and lyases ready for food and pharmaceutical applications. Here a new approach for searching the literature and presenting a more refined analysis is adopted with respect to previous surveys, centering the attention on the enzymatic process rather than on a single novel activity. Fields of applications are easily individuated: (i) the biorefinery value-chain, where the provision of biomass is one of the most important aspects, with aquaculture as the prominent sector; (ii) the food industry, where the interest in the marine domain is similarly developed to deal with the enzymatic procedures adopted in food manipulation; (iii) the selective and easy extraction/modification of structurally complex marine molecules, where enzymatic treatments are a recognized tool to improve efficiency and selectivity; and (iv) marine biomarkers and derived applications (bioremediation) in pollution monitoring are also included in that these studies could be of high significance for the appreciation of marine bioprocesses.
Topics: Animals; Biodegradation, Environmental; Biotechnology; Enzymes; Humans; Marine Biology
PubMed: 28346336
DOI: 10.3390/md15040093 -
Protist Feb 2021The history of protistology and the introduction of modern methods of unicell observations is described in a large maritime laboratory over a period of forty years by...
The history of protistology and the introduction of modern methods of unicell observations is described in a large maritime laboratory over a period of forty years by the initiator of this new team. The development of this team and the doctoral theses developed there are described as well as the major discoveries made. The Arago Laboratory, which was then in 1960 a field laboratory mainly devoted to the collection of biological material, becomes a research laboratory specializing in the study of the major fundamental problems which govern life: the organization and expression of the genome, mitotic processes and their nuclear and cytoplasmic components, cell cycle and its regulation as well as molecular phylogeny. The biological models chosen were essentially the dinoflagellate protists in their great variety: autotrophs, heterotrophs, myxotrophs and able of proliferating at sea, thus disrupting their cell cycle. Coupled with the techniques of biochemistry and molecular biology which it was in its infancy, the most advanced observation methods used electron and confocal microscopy often after use of ultra-cold cryopreparations, necessary to preserve the antigenic sites and allow the highlighting new proteins. The dinoflagellate model was then abandoned in favor of unicellular micro-eukaryotes allowing the development of environmental genomics.
Topics: Cell Biology; Eukaryota; France; History, 20th Century; History, 21st Century; Laboratories; Marine Biology
PubMed: 33607482
DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2021.125792 -
Annual Review of Marine Science Jan 2018
Topics: Marine Biology
PubMed: 29298135
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ma-10-112517-100001 -
Marine Genomics Dec 2017
Topics: DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic; Genetic Markers; Genetics, Population; Genomics; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; Marine Biology; Species Specificity
PubMed: 29237563
DOI: 10.1016/j.margen.2017.11.014 -
Current Biology : CB Dec 2020Jeremy Goldbogen introduces blue whales, the largest animals to ever inhabit earth.
Jeremy Goldbogen introduces blue whales, the largest animals to ever inhabit earth.
Topics: Acoustics; Animals; Balaenoptera; Body Size; Ecosystem; Feeding Behavior; Marine Biology
PubMed: 33290699
DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2020.10.068