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Journal of Nepal Health Research Council Dec 2023In 2020, UNFPA estimated additional 13 million child marriage cases in Nepal after a decade of lockdown due to COVID-19 wherein 2020, the data of child marriage before...
BACKGROUND
In 2020, UNFPA estimated additional 13 million child marriage cases in Nepal after a decade of lockdown due to COVID-19 wherein 2020, the data of child marriage before the age of 18 reached 5 million where marriage done before the age of 15 years was 1.3 million as per UNICEF. In Nepal, the legal age for marriage is 20 years. As per the National Criminal Code 2074, article 173 (1,2 and 3), one is imprisoned for three years with a penalty of Rs. 30,000, if found to violate the law: marrying before reaching the legal age.
METHODS
An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted. The sampling design used for the study was simple random sampling. Out of 9 municipalities in Sindhuli district, Dudhauli municipality was selected by using lottery method. 8 wards out of 14 wards in Dudhauli municipality were selected by using purposive sampling. 160 participants were early married women within the age of 15 to 24 years. Three key stakeholders were selected for Key Informant Interview from the local government level worker, non-Governmental organizations working within the municipality, and Dudhauli Health Post. One focused group discussion was conducted with 6 early married women. All the collected data were analyzed through simple descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage, mean and inferential statics by using chi-square. For a qualitative study, the information collected from the key stakeholders was documented in narrative form.
RESULTS
Seven out of 126 women suffered from miscarriage during their second delivery. There is a significant association between the age of marriage and the number of children (P-value 0.0520) and birth time after marriage (P-value 0.019). The majority, 32.6 percent believes that child marriage can be prevented by children's counseling Conclusions: Only 1.6 percent of early married women faced complications during delivery. Majority of physically active women engaged in agriculture sector (97.5%) did not face any difficulty during delivery. None of the early married women have ever suffered from obstetric fistula despite of early delivery.
Topics: Child; Pregnancy; Female; Humans; Adolescent; Young Adult; Adult; Marriage; Cross-Sectional Studies; Nepal; Family; COVID-19
PubMed: 38196218
DOI: 10.33314/jnhrc.v21i02.4307 -
Revolution (Staten Island, N.Y.) 1994
Topics: Adaptation, Psychological; Humans; Marriage; Nurses
PubMed: 7613667
DOI: No ID Found -
Proceedings of the National Academy of... Aug 2022Marital attachment plays an important role in maintaining intimate personal relationships and sustaining psychological well-being. Mate-selection theories suggest that...
Marital attachment plays an important role in maintaining intimate personal relationships and sustaining psychological well-being. Mate-selection theories suggest that people are more likely to marry someone with a similar personality and social status, yet evidence for the association between personality-based couple similarity measures and marital satisfaction has been inconsistent. A more direct and useful approach for understanding fundamental processes underlying marital satisfaction is to probe similarity of dynamic brain responses to maritally and socially relevant communicative cues, which may better reflect how married couples process information in real time and make sense of their mates and themselves. Here, we investigate shared neural representations based on intersubject synchronization (ISS) of brain responses during free viewing of marital life-related, and nonmarital, object-related movies. Compared to randomly selected pairs of couples, married couples showed significantly higher levels of ISS during viewing of marital movies and ISS between married couples predicted higher levels of marital satisfaction. ISS in the default mode network emerged as a strong predictor of marital satisfaction and canonical correlation analysis revealed a specific relation between ISS in this network and shared communication and egalitarian components of martial satisfaction. Our findings demonstrate that brain similarities that reflect real-time mental responses to subjective perceptions, thoughts, and feelings about interpersonal and social interactions are strong predictors of marital satisfaction, reflecting shared values and beliefs. Our study advances foundational knowledge of the neurobiological basis of human pair bonding.
Topics: Brain; Communication; Humans; Interpersonal Relations; Marriage; Personal Satisfaction; Personality; Spouses
PubMed: 35981139
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2202515119 -
The Journal of General Psychology 2020In the years since the implementation of the two-child policy in China, there has been an increase in attention to the psychological status of married women. It is...
In the years since the implementation of the two-child policy in China, there has been an increase in attention to the psychological status of married women. It is necessary to increase knowledge on the association between family cohesion and the adaptation of married women and their well-being. To accomplish this goal, the mediating variables of social support and positive coping style were examined in this paper. Married women were assessed using the Family Adaptation and Cohesion Scale, the General Well-Being Schedule, the Perceived Social Support Scale, and the Positive Coping Style Scale. The 353 participants were married women across three provinces in China. The results indicated that (1) there is a significant positive correlation between family cohesion, adaptation, subjective well-being, age, and employment status; (2) there is a correlation between perceived social support, family adaptation and cohesion, and well-being; and (3) the effect of family cohesion and adaptation on subjective well-being is mediated by perceived social support and positive coping style. Therefore, married women with good family adaptation and cohesion can get adequate support from family members and have higher subjective well-being.
Topics: Adaptation, Psychological; Adolescent; Adult; China; Family Relations; Female; Humans; Marriage; Middle Aged; Personal Satisfaction; Social Support; Surveys and Questionnaires; Young Adult
PubMed: 31291171
DOI: 10.1080/00221309.2019.1635075 -
Reproductive Health Mar 2021Married adolescent girls are vulnerable to risky sexual and reproductive health outcomes. We examined the association of fertility pressure from in-laws' early in...
The association between early in marriage fertility pressure from in-laws' and family planning behaviors, among married adolescent girls in Bihar and Uttar Pradesh, India.
BACKGROUND
Married adolescent girls are vulnerable to risky sexual and reproductive health outcomes. We examined the association of fertility pressure from in-laws' early in marriage with contraceptive use ever, parity, time until first birth, and couple communication about family size, among married adolescent girls.
METHODS
Data were taken from a cross-sectional survey with married girls aged 15-19 years (N = 4893) collected from September 2015 to July 2016 in Bihar and Uttar Pradesh, India. Multivariable regression assessed associations between in-laws' fertility pressure and each outcome, adjusting for sociodemographic covariates.
RESULTS
We found that 1 in 5 girls experienced pressure from in-laws' to have a child immediately after marriage. In-laws' fertility pressure was associated with lower parity (Adj. β Coef. - 0.10, 95% CI - 0.17, - 0.37) and couple communication about family size (AOR = 1.77, 95% CI 1.39, 2.26), but not contraceptive use or time until birth.
CONCLUSIONS
Our study adds to the literature identifying that in-laws' pressure on fertility is common, affects couple communication about family size, and may be more likely for those yet to have a child, but may have little effect impeding contraceptive use in a context where such use is not normative.
Topics: Adolescent; Contraception; Contraception Behavior; Cross-Sectional Studies; Decision Making; Family Planning Services; Female; Fertility; Humans; India; Marriage; Pregnancy; Young Adult
PubMed: 33750403
DOI: 10.1186/s12978-021-01116-9 -
Journal of Interpersonal Violence Jul 2018In African societies, kinship ties determine how women are socialized, their access to power and wealth, as well as custody of children, often considered important...
In African societies, kinship ties determine how women are socialized, their access to power and wealth, as well as custody of children, often considered important factors in married women's experience of intimate partner violence (IPV). Yet studies that examine how kinship norms influence IPV are scant. Using in-depth interviews collected from women identifying with both matrilineal and patrilineal descent systems, we explored differences in Ghanaian women's experiences of IPV in both kin groups. Results show that while IPV occurs across matrilineal and patrilineal societies, all women in patrilineal societies narrated continuous pattern of emotional, physical, and sexual assault, and their retaliation to any type of violence almost always culminated in more experience of violent attacks and abandonment. In matrilineal societies, however, more than half of the women recounted frequent experiences of emotional violence, and physical violence occurred as isolated events resulting from common couple disagreements. Sexual violence against matrilineal women occurred as consented but unwanted sexual acts, but patrilineal women narrated experiencing violent emotional and physical attack with aggressive unconsented sexual intercourse. Contextualizing these findings within existing literature on IPV against women suggests that policies aimed at addressing widespread IPV in Ghanaian communities should appreciate the dynamics of kinship norms.
Topics: Adult; Family Characteristics; Female; Ghana; Humans; Intimate Partner Violence; Marriage; Middle Aged; Risk Factors; Sexual Partners; Women's Health; Young Adult
PubMed: 29889003
DOI: 10.1177/0886260515624213 -
Reproductive Health Sep 2015Over the past few years the issue of child marriage has received growing political and programmatic attention. In spite of some progress in a number of countries, global...
Over the past few years the issue of child marriage has received growing political and programmatic attention. In spite of some progress in a number of countries, global rates have not declined over the past decade. Knowledge gaps remain in understanding trends, drivers and approaches to ending child marriage, especially to understand what is needed to achieve results on a large scale. This commentary summarizes the outcomes of an Expert Group Meeting organized by World Health Organization to discuss research priorities on Ending Child Marriage and Supporting Married Girls. It presents research gaps and recommends priorities for research in five key areas; (i) prevalence and trends of child marriage; (ii) causes of child marriage (iii) consequences of child marriage; (iv) efforts to prevent child marriage; (v) efforts to support married girls.
Topics: Age Factors; Child; Child Welfare; Evidence-Based Medicine; Female; Humans; Marriage; Research; Women's Health; World Health Organization
PubMed: 26336068
DOI: 10.1186/s12978-015-0060-5 -
Economic Inquiry 2012Using a representative sample of children all born to unwed parents drawn from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study and a potential outcome approach to account...
Using a representative sample of children all born to unwed parents drawn from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study and a potential outcome approach to account for self-selection into marriage, we investigate whether marriage after childbearing has a causal effect on early child development. Comparing children with similar background characteristics and parental mate-selection patterns who differ only in terms of whether their parents marry after childbirth, we find that marriage after childbirth significantly increases a child's early cognitive performance but there is no evidence that it affects child asthma risk or behavioral outcomes.
Topics: Child; Child Behavior; Child Development; Child Welfare; Child, Preschool; Family; Family Health; History, 20th Century; History, 21st Century; Humans; Marital Status; Marriage; Reproductive Behavior; Spouses
PubMed: 22329047
DOI: 10.1111/j.1465-7295.2010.00248.x -
Canadian Journal of Psychiatry. Revue... Mar 2024
Topics: Humans; Marriage; Decision Making
PubMed: 37312503
DOI: 10.1177/07067437231182564 -
BMC Public Health Mar 2020Young women in India continue to face diverse challenges that threaten their health and wellbeing. The reproductive health and rights of newly married women, who are...
BACKGROUND
Young women in India continue to face diverse challenges that threaten their health and wellbeing. The reproductive health and rights of newly married women, who are often expected to begin childbearing soon after marriage, are often neglected. The present study aims to understand some of the factors associated with the desire to delay the first childbirth in young, married women in India.
METHODS
The study utilised the data from the most recent National Family Health Survey 2015-16 in India. Our study sample was restricted to married women who were 15-24 years of age and who had never been pregnant at the time of the survey. Chi-squared tests, independent t-tests and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to measure associations between multiple independent factors and the reported preferred waiting time for the first childbirth.
RESULTS
Among never pregnant, married women aged 15-24, 21.49% reported a preferred waiting time for their first childbirth of 2 years or more. Belonging to an other backward class, or OBC, (OR 1.55, 95%CI 1.14-2.10), having completed higher education (OR 2.04, 95%CI 1.11-3.76), marrying after the age of 18 (OR 1.57, 95%CI 1.10-2.24), a husband's higher education level (OR 2.42, 95%CI 1.27-4.64), a younger husband (OR 0.75, 95%CI 0.66-0.84) and non-exposure to physical violence (OR 1.84, 95%CI 1.09-3.11) were significantly associated with a longer preferred waiting time for the first childbirth.
CONCLUSION
Intimate partner violence and partner characteristics play a role in the childbearing intentions of young women after marriage. Delaying the first childbirth could improve women's educational and economic opportunities, their health, and the health of their future and properly planned children. To achieve this, it is crucial to promote and respect women's right to decide who and when to marry, when to have children, and to promote relationships free of gender-based violence.
Topics: Adolescent; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; India; Intention; Intimate Partner Violence; Male; Marriage; Parturition; Socioeconomic Factors; Spouses; Surveys and Questionnaires; Women's Rights; Young Adult
PubMed: 32183765
DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-8402-9