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Anticancer Research Jun 2015Breast cancer is the most frequent malignancy in females. Due to its major impact on population, this disease represents a critical public health problem that requires... (Review)
Review
Breast cancer is the most frequent malignancy in females. Due to its major impact on population, this disease represents a critical public health problem that requires further research at the molecular level in order to define its prognosis and specific treatment. Basic research is required to accomplish this task and this involves cell lines as they can be widely used in many aspects of laboratory research and, particularly, as in vitro models in cancer research. MCF-7 is a commonly used breast cancer cell line, that has been promoted for more than 40 years by multiple research groups but its characteristics have never been gathered in a consistent review article. The current paper provides a broad description of the MCF-7 cell line, including the molecular profile, proliferation, migration, invasion, spheroid formation, its involvement in angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis and its interaction with the mesenchymal stem cells.
Topics: Breast Neoplasms; Cell Proliferation; Female; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Humans; MCF-7 Cells; Neoplastic Stem Cells
PubMed: 26026074
DOI: No ID Found -
Physical Biology Nov 2022Tumor-associated collagen signature-3 (TACS-3) is a prognostic indicator for breast cancer survival. It is characterized by highly organized, parallel bundles of...
Tumor-associated collagen signature-3 (TACS-3) is a prognostic indicator for breast cancer survival. It is characterized by highly organized, parallel bundles of collagen fibers oriented perpendicular to the tumor boundary, serving as directional, confining channels for cancer cell invasion. Here we design a TACS-3-mimetic anisotropic, confined collagen I matrix and examine the relation between anisotropy of matrix, directed cellular migration, and anisotropy of cell membrane-the first direct contact between TACS-3 and cell-using Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) cells as cancer-model. Using unidirectional freezing, we generated ∼50m-wide channels filled with collagen I. Optical tweezer (OT) microrheology shows that anisotropic confinement increases collagen viscoelasticity by two orders of magnitude, and the elastic modulus is significantly greater along the direction of anisotropic confinement compared to that along the orthogonal direction, thus establishing matrix anisotropy. Furthermore, MCF-7 cells embedded in anisotropic collagen I, exhibit directionality in cellular morphology and migration. Finally, using customized OT to trap polystyrene probes bound to cell-membrane (and not to ECM) of either free cells or cells under anisotropic confinement, we quantified the effect of matrix anisotropy on membrane viscoelasticity, both in-plane and out-of-plane, vis-à-vis the membrane. Both bulk and viscous modulus of cell-membrane of MCF-7 cells exhibit significant anisotropy under anisotropic confinement. Moreover, the cell membrane of MCF-7 cells under anisotropic confinement is significantly softer (both in-plane and out-of-plane moduli) despite their local environment being five times stiffer than free cells. In order to test if the coupling between anisotropy of extracellular matrix and anisotropy of cell-membrane is regulated by cell-cytoskeleton, actin cytoskeleton was depolymerized for both free and confined cells. Results show that cell membrane viscoelasticity of confined MCF-7 cells is unaffected by actin de-polymerization, in contrast to free cells. Together, these findings suggest that anisotropy of ECM induces directed migration and correlates with anisotropy of cell-membrane viscoelasticity of the MCF-7 cells in an actin-independent manner.
Topics: Humans; Anisotropy; MCF-7 Cells; Actins; Collagen; Cell Membrane
PubMed: 36354019
DOI: 10.1088/1478-3975/ac9bc1 -
Methods (San Diego, Calif.) Jul 2003The three-dimensional culture of MCF-10A mammary epithelial cells on a reconstituted basement membrane results in formation of polarized, growth-arrested acini-like...
The three-dimensional culture of MCF-10A mammary epithelial cells on a reconstituted basement membrane results in formation of polarized, growth-arrested acini-like spheroids that recapitulate several aspects of glandular architecture in vivo. Oncogenes introduced into MCF-10A cells disrupt this morphogenetic process, and elicit distinct morphological phenotypes. Recent studies analyzing the mechanistic basis for phenotypic heterogeneity observed among different oncogenes (e.g., ErbB2, cyclin D1) have illustrated the utility of this three-dimensional culture system in modeling the biological activities of cancer genes, particularly with regard to their ability to disrupt epithelial architecture during the early aspects of carcinoma formation. Here we provide a collection of protocols to culture MCF-10A cells, to establish stable pools expressing a gene of interest via retroviral infection, as well as to grow and analyze MCF-10A cells in three-dimensional basement membrane culture.
Topics: Basement Membrane; Breast Neoplasms; Cell Culture Techniques; Cell Line, Tumor; Collagen; Drug Combinations; Epithelial Cells; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; Humans; Imaging, Three-Dimensional; Laminin; Mammary Glands, Human; Proteoglycans
PubMed: 12798140
DOI: 10.1016/s1046-2023(03)00032-x -
Macromolecular Bioscience Jul 2021Here, as a proof of concept, hybrid vesicles (VEs) are developed from two types of cancer cells, MCF-7 and HeLa, for the dual targeting of the anticancer drug...
Here, as a proof of concept, hybrid vesicles (VEs) are developed from two types of cancer cells, MCF-7 and HeLa, for the dual targeting of the anticancer drug doxorubicin (Dox) to cancer cells via homotypic interactions. Hybrid VEs with a size of 181.8 ± 28.2 nm and surface charge of -27.8 ± 1.9 mV are successfully prepared by the fusion of MCF-7 and HeLa VEs, as demonstrated by the fluorescence resonance energy transfer assay. The hybrid VEs exhibit enhanced intracellular uptake both in MCF-7 and HeLa cells. Dox-encapsulated hybrid VEs (Dox-hybrid VEs) also exhibit promising anticancer and antiproliferative activities against MCF-7/multidrug-resistant cells and HeLa cells. In addition, compared to free Dox, the Dox-hybrid VEs exhibit low intracellular uptake and reduced cytotoxicity for RAW264.7 cells. Thus, hybrid VEs with dual-targeting activity toward two types of cancer cells may be useful for the specific targeting of anticancer drugs for improved anticancer effects with reduced nonspecific toxicity.
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Doxorubicin; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; HeLa Cells; Humans; MCF-7 Cells; Neoplasms
PubMed: 33963822
DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202100067 -
Mathematical Biosciences and... Jul 2019Breast cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer in women worldwide. MCF-7 cell line is an extensively studied human breast cancer cell line. This cell line...
Breast cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer in women worldwide. MCF-7 cell line is an extensively studied human breast cancer cell line. This cell line expresses estrogen receptors, and the growth of MCF-7 cells is hormone dependent. In this study, a mathematical model, which governs MCF-7 cell growth with interaction among tumor cells, estradiol, natural killer (NK) cells, cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) or CD8+ T cells, and white blood cells (WBCs), is proposed. Experimental data are used to determine functional forms and parameter values. Breast tumor growth is then studied using the mathematical model. The results obtained from numerical simulation are compared with those from clinical and experimental studies. The system has three coexisting stable equilibria representing the tumor free state, a microscopic tumor, and a large tumor. Numerical simulation shows that an immune system is able to eliminate or control a tumor with a restricted initial size. A healthy immune system is able to effectively eliminate a small tumor or produces long-term dormancy. An immune system with WBC count at the low parts of the normal ranges or with temporary low NK cell count is able to eliminate a smaller tumor. The cytotoxicity of CTLs plays an important role in immune surveillance. The association between the circulating estradiol level and cancer risk is not significant.
Topics: Breast Neoplasms; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation; Computer Simulation; Estradiol; Female; Humans; Immune System; Killer Cells, Natural; Leukocytes; MCF-7 Cells; Models, Theoretical; Receptor, ErbB-2; Receptors, Estrogen
PubMed: 31698574
DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2019325 -
Experimental Oncology May 2022G-force is a fundamental force controlling human cells. Cancer is one of the 4 major health challenges in the Space missions. Cancer in Space project evaluates the...
BACKGROUND
G-force is a fundamental force controlling human cells. Cancer is one of the 4 major health challenges in the Space missions. Cancer in Space project evaluates the reaction of human cancer cells to the conditions of the space flights, including an exposure to high g-forces.
AIM
Explore an impact of 10 g force on the oncogenic properties of human breast adenocarcinoma cells MCF-7.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Cells were exposed to 10 g force for 10 days, as part of a 6-week simulation of conditions of a space flight. Then the cells were cultured for one week under normal culture conditions, before performing tests. Cell proliferation, cell viability, cell-cell contact inhibition, migration, and invasiveness were measured. Immunoblotting was used to evaluate expression of proteins.
RESULTS
Proliferation, cell-cell interaction and formation of 3D structures, migration, and invasiveness of cells exposed to 10 g were compared to parental cells cultured at 1 g condition. 10 g exposed cells showed a higher propensity for cell-cell contact inhibitions and lower for 3-dimensional growth in dense culture. This correlated with the decrease of proliferation in a dense culture as compared to the parental cells. The decrease of migration, adherence to a surface, and invasiveness was observed for cells subjected to the hypergravity, as compared to the parental MCF-7 cells. Enhanced expression of E-cadherin and phosphorylated pY576-FAK were observed in 10 g exposed cells but no impact on the expression of Erk, pErk, FAK and p53 was detected.
CONCLUSION
The prolonged exposure of MCF-7 cells to 10 g force targets cell-cell and cell-substrate interactions.
Topics: Adhesiveness; Breast Neoplasms; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Movement; Cell Proliferation; Female; Humans; Hypergravity; MCF-7 Cells; Neoplasm Invasiveness
PubMed: 35548967
DOI: 10.32471/exp-oncology.2312-8852.vol-44-no-1.17270 -
Metabolomics : Official Journal of the... Jan 2021Metabolic reprogramming within cancer cells has been recognized as a potential barrier to chemotherapy. Additionally, metabolic tumor heterogeneity is the one of factors...
BACKGROUND
Metabolic reprogramming within cancer cells has been recognized as a potential barrier to chemotherapy. Additionally, metabolic tumor heterogeneity is the one of factors behind discernible hallmarks such as drug resistance, relapse of the tumor and the formation of secondary tumors.
METHODS
In this paper, cell-based assays including PI/annexin V staining and immunoblot assay were performed to show the apoptotic cell death in MCF-7 cells treated with DOX. Further, MCF-7 cells were lysed in a hypotonic buffer and the whole cell lysate was purified by a novel and specifically designed metabolite (~ 100 to 1000 Da) fractionation system called vertical tube gel electrophoresis (VTGE). Further, purified intracellular metabolites were subjected to identification by LC-HRMS technique.
RESULTS
Cleaved PARP 1 in MCF-7 cells treated with DOX was observed in the present study. Concomitantly, data showed the absence of active caspase 3 in MCF-7 cells. Novel findings are to identify key intracellular metabolites assisted by VTGE system that include lipid (CDP-DG, phytosphingosine, dodecanamide), non-lipid (N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, N1-acetylspermidine and gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine) and tripeptide metabolites in MCF-7 cells treated by DOX. Interestingly, we reported the first evidence of doxorubicinone, an aglycone form of DOX in MCF-7 cells that are potentially linked to the mechanism of cell death in MCF-7 cells.
CONCLUSION
This paper reported novel methods and processes that involve VTGE system based purification of hypotonically lysed novel intracellular metabolites of MCF-7 cells treated by DOX. Here, these identified intracellular metabolites corroborate to caspase 3 independent and mitochondria induced apoptotic cell death in MCF-7 cells. Finally, these findings validate a proof of concept on the applications of novel VTGE assisted purification and analysis of intracellular metabolites from various cell culture models.
Topics: Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Apoptosis; Cell Death; Cell Line, Tumor; Chromatography, Liquid; Doxorubicin; Humans; MCF-7 Cells; Mass Spectrometry; Metabolome; Metabolomics; Mitochondria
PubMed: 33389242
DOI: 10.1007/s11306-020-01755-2 -
Journal of Chromatography. B,... Mar 2023Breast cancer is responsible for the highest mortality all over the world. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) along with epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) are identified as...
Breast cancer is responsible for the highest mortality all over the world. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) along with epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) are identified as a driver of cancer which are responsible for cancer metastasis and drug resistance. Several signaling pathways are associated with drug resistance. Additionally, glycosyltransferases regulate different types of glycosylation which are involved in drug resistance. To the end, it is urgent to figure out the knowledge on cell-surface altered N-glycosylation and putative markers. Here, differential cell-surface intact N-glycopeptides in adriamycin (ADR)-resistant michigan breast cancer foundation-7 stem cells (MCF-7/ADR CSCs) relative to ADR-sensitive MCF-7 CSCs were analyzed with site- and structure-specific quantitative N-glycoproteomics. The intact N-glycopeptides and differentially expressed intact N-glycopeptides (DEGPs) were determined and quantified via intact N-glycopeptide search engine GPSeeker. Totally, 4777 intact N-glycopeptides were identified and N-glycan sequence structures among 2764 IDs were distinguished from their isomers by structure-diagnostic fragment ions. Among 1717 quantified intact N-glycopeptides, 104 DEGPs were determined (fold change ≥ 1.5 and p value < 0.05). Annotation of protein-protein interaction and biological processes among others of DEGPs were finally carried out; down-regulated intact N-glycopeptide with bisecting GlcNAc from p38-interacting protein and up-regulated intact N-glycopeptide with β1,6-branching N-glycan from integrin beta-5 were found.
Topics: Humans; Female; Glycosylation; MCF-7 Cells; Doxorubicin; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Breast Neoplasms; Glycopeptides; Polysaccharides; Neoplastic Stem Cells
PubMed: 36870092
DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2023.123647 -
Archives of Razi Institute 2021Conventional cancer treatments are costly and have different serious side effects for patients. Natural herbal treatments are widely accepted among people because of...
Conventional cancer treatments are costly and have different serious side effects for patients. Natural herbal treatments are widely accepted among people because of their minimal side effects, although there is little scientific knowledge about them. One of these remedies utilizes the root of that has been used for years in Iran to treat different chronic genital diseases. The current study examined the effects of methanolic and ethanolic extracts of (induction of necrosis and apoptosis) on breast cancer (MCF-7), ovarian cancer (A2780), and human cervix cancer (HeLa) cell lines in comparison with normal breast cells. These effects were determined to be morphological alterations in cell light microscopy, by flow cytometry (staining with annexin V and propidium iodide), and by measuring live cells and inhibition concentrations by MTT assay. IC50 of on the MCF-7 cell line (methanolic extract) was 400 µg/ml and for A2780 was 250 µg/ml. The IC50 amount of on the MCF-7 cell line (ethanolic extract) was 750 µg/ml and 1500 for A2780. Results demonstrated that apoptosis and necrosis occurred in MCF-7 and A2780 following the addition of ethanolic and methanolic extracts of to the medium. These findings confirmed the anti-cancer effects of mehthanolic extracts of root and its safety for normal cells; thus, it can be applied in cancer therapy as a novel medication.
Topics: Cell Line, Tumor; Female; HeLa Cells; Humans; MCF-7 Cells; Ovarian Neoplasms; Plant Extracts
PubMed: 34824753
DOI: 10.22092/ari.2020.351952.1545 -
Cancer Reports (Hoboken, N.J.) May 2023Cancer stem cells (CSCs), subpopulations of cancer cells, are responsible for tumor progression, metastasis, and relapse. Changes in amino acid metabolism are linked to...
BACKGROUND
Cancer stem cells (CSCs), subpopulations of cancer cells, are responsible for tumor progression, metastasis, and relapse. Changes in amino acid metabolism are linked to breast cancer recurrence and metastasis.
AIMS
This study aimed to evaluate the changes in the amino acid profile in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells during spheroid formation to discover the specific metabolic properties in CSCs.
METHODS
MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells were cultured as spheroids and evaluated to characterize their CSC properties. The characteristics of CSC were evaluated by examining the expression of CSC markers and conducting drug resistance assays. In addition, amino acid profile change during the enrichment of breast cancer stem cells in the spheroids was investigated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
RESULTS
The results indicated that out of 20 different amino acids analyzed, 19 of them decreased during the spheroid formation process. Alanine, lysine, phenylalanine, threonine, and glycine showed significant reductions in the conditioned media of both cell lines in the spheroid form compared to the monolayer cells. Only one of the amino acids increased in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 spheroids (histidine and serine, respectively).
CONCLUSION
Our results suggest that certain amino acids identified in this study can be used for a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms associated with breast cancer stem cell formation.
Topics: MCF-7 Cells; MDA-MB-231 Cells; Humans; Neoplastic Stem Cells; Spheroids, Cellular; Amino Acids; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
PubMed: 37092500
DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1809