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Journal of the American Geriatrics... Feb 2016Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is the most common cause of vertigo in older adults. Beyond the unpleasant sensation of vertigo, BPPV also negatively affects... (Review)
Review
Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is the most common cause of vertigo in older adults. Beyond the unpleasant sensation of vertigo, BPPV also negatively affects older adults' gait and balance and increases their risk of falling. As such it has a profound effect on function, independence, and quality of life. Otoconia are the inner ear structures that help detect horizontal and vertical movements. Aging contributes to the fragmentation of otoconia, whose displacement into the semicircular, most commonly posterior canals, can produce rotatory movement sensations with head movement. BPPV is more commonly idiopathic in older adults than in younger individuals, can present atypically, and has a more-protracted course and higher risk of recurrence. Medications such as meclizine that are commonly prescribed for BPPV can be associated with significant side effects. Dix-Hallpike and Head Roll tests can generally identify the involved canal. Symptoms resolve as otoconia fragments dissolve into the endolymph, but appropriate canalith repositioning (e.g., Epley maneuver) can expedite recovery and reduce the burden of this disorder. Observations suggesting an association between idiopathic BPPV and vitamin D deficiency and osteoporosis indicate that BPPV may share risk factors with other common geriatric conditions, which highlights the importance of moving beyond purely otological considerations and addressing the needs of older adults with vertigo through a systems-based multidisciplinary approach.
Topics: Aged; Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans
PubMed: 26804483
DOI: 10.1111/jgs.13926 -
International Scholarly Research Notices 2014The intention of present research is to formulate and develop the meclizine hydrochloride fast dissolving tablets using sublimation method to enhance the dissolution...
The intention of present research is to formulate and develop the meclizine hydrochloride fast dissolving tablets using sublimation method to enhance the dissolution rate. In this study an attempt was made to fasten the drug release from the oral tablets by incorporating the superdisintegrants and camphor as sublimating agent. The prepared fast dissolving tablets were subjected to precompression properties and characterized for hardness, weight variation, friability, wetting time, water absorption ratio, and disintegration time. From in vitro release studies, the formulation F9 exhibited fast release profile of about 98.61% in 30 min, and disintegration time 47 sec when compared with other formulations. The percent drug release in 30 min (Q 30) and initial dissolution rate for formulation F9 was 98.61 ± 0.25%, 3.29%/min. These were very much higher compared to marketed tablets (65.43 ± 0.57%, 2.18%/min). The dissolution efficiency was found to be 63.37 and it is increased by 1.4-fold with F9 FDT tablets compared to marketed tablets. Differential scanning calorimetry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy studies revealed that there was no possibility of interactions. Thus the development of meclizine hydrochloride fast dissolving tablets by sublimation method is a suitable approach to improve the dissolution rate.
PubMed: 27355021
DOI: 10.1155/2014/281376 -
Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences May 1977A method, based on ion-pair extraction, is described for the quantification of meclizine hydrochloride in various pharmaceutical dosage forms, for content uniformity...
A method, based on ion-pair extraction, is described for the quantification of meclizine hydrochloride in various pharmaceutical dosage forms, for content uniformity determination, and for concentration monitoring in dissolution and bioavailability studies. Methyl orange, dissolved in pH 2.8 MacIlvaine buffer, gave excellent recovery of meclizine after its isolation from aqueous solutions of gelatin, urine, and blood serum. The chloroform-extracted molecular species appeared to be a 1:1 ion-pair. Beer's law was obeyed for a wide concentration range. Because the extracted species seemed well defined and stable and since a surface or an interphase adsorption phenomenon was not a problem, the reported method is considered sensitive, accurate, precise, rapid, and simple.
Topics: Azo Compounds; Capsules; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Indicators and Reagents; Meclizine; Methods; Potassium Chloride; Solubility; Spectrophotometry; Tablets
PubMed: 17714
DOI: 10.1002/jps.2600660526 -
Geburtshilfe Und Frauenheilkunde May 1966
Topics: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; Adult; Anencephaly; Ectromelia; Female; Humans; Intestinal Atresia; Maternal-Fetal Exchange; Meclizine; Meningocele; Pregnancy
PubMed: 5935247
DOI: No ID Found -
Clinica Europea 1963
Topics: Abortion, Induced; Abortion, Spontaneous; Congenital Abnormalities; Female; Humans; Maternal-Fetal Exchange; Meclizine; Metabolism; Pregnancy; Thalidomide
PubMed: 14109124
DOI: No ID Found -
Die Medizinische Welt Nov 1963
Topics: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; Female; Fetal Diseases; Humans; Hyperemesis Gravidarum; Infant, Newborn; Meclizine; Pregnancy; Toxicology
PubMed: 14113227
DOI: No ID Found -
Perceptual and Motor Skills Jun 1971
Topics: Affective Symptoms; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Defecation; Diazepam; Emotions; Female; Humans; Locomotion; Meclizine; Motion; Motion Perception; Perceptual Distortion; Probability; Rats; Urination
PubMed: 5104948
DOI: 10.2466/pms.1971.32.3.753 -
Journal of Vestibular Research :... 1998Space motion sickness is a well-recognized problem for space flight and affects 73% of crewmembers on the first 2 or 3 days of their initial flight. Illness severity is... (Review)
Review
Space motion sickness is a well-recognized problem for space flight and affects 73% of crewmembers on the first 2 or 3 days of their initial flight. Illness severity is variable, but over half of cases are categorized as moderate to severe. Management has included elimination of provocative activities and delay of critical performance-related procedures such as extra-vehicular activity (EVA) or Shuttle landing during the first three days of missions. Pharmacological treatment strategies have had variable results, but intramuscular promethazine has been the most effective to date with a 90% initial response rate and important reduction in residual symptoms the next flight day. Oral prophylactic treatment of crewmembers with difficulty on prior flights has had mixed results. In order to accommodate more aggressive pharmacologic management, crew medical officers receive additional training in parenteral administration of medications. Preflight medication testing is accomplished to reduce the risk of unexpected performance decrements or idiosyncratic reactions. When possible, treatment is offered in the presleep period to mask potential treatment-related drowsiness. Another phenomenon noted by crewmembers and physicians as flights have lengthened is readaptation difficulty or motion sickness on return to Earth. These problems have included nausea, vomiting, and difficulty with locomotion or coordination upon early exposure to gravity. Since landing and egress are principal concerns during this portion of the flight, these deficits are of operational concern. Postflight therapy has been directed at nausea and vomiting, and meclizine and promethazine are the principal agents used. There has been no official attempt at prophylactic treatment prior to entry. Since there is considerable individual variation in postflight deficit and since adaptation from prior flights seems to persist, it has been recommended that commanders with prior shuttle landing experience be named to flights of extended duration.
Topics: Antiemetics; Humans; Promethazine; Space Motion Sickness
PubMed: 9416592
DOI: No ID Found -
Science (New York, N.Y.) Jul 1963Congenital malformations were induced in the offspring of pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats by the admninistration of relatively large doses of meclizine hydrochloride...
Congenital malformations were induced in the offspring of pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats by the admninistration of relatively large doses of meclizine hydrochloride (Bonine). The critical period of gestation for administration was from the 12th to 15th day. Anomalies were produced in the tongue, palatal closure, mouth, lower jaw, vertebrae and limbs.
Topics: Animals; Congenital Abnormalities; Female; Meclizine; Pregnancy; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Tongue
PubMed: 14032825
DOI: 10.1126/science.141.3578.353 -
American Practitioner and Digest of... Oct 1955
Topics: Anti-Allergic Agents; Headache; Histamine H1 Antagonists; Humans; Meclizine
PubMed: 13259061
DOI: No ID Found