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Cardiovascular Intervention and... Oct 2022
Topics: Arteries; Hematoma; Hemorrhage; Humans; Mediastinal Diseases; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
PubMed: 35397093
DOI: 10.1007/s12928-022-00858-y -
Pediatric Radiology 1989
Topics: Hemorrhage; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Lymphatic Diseases; Male; Mediastinum; Thymus Gland; Ultrasonography; Vitamin K Deficiency Bleeding
PubMed: 2646584
DOI: 10.1007/BF02387903 -
United States Armed Forces Medical... Jan 1953
Topics: Hematoma; Hemorrhage; Humans; Mediastinal Diseases; Mediastinum; Vascular Diseases
PubMed: 13005873
DOI: No ID Found -
American Journal of Therapeutics 2020
Topics: Hemoptysis; Humans; Mediastinitis; Rituximab; Sclerosis; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 31356339
DOI: 10.1097/MJT.0000000000001039 -
The British Journal of Surgery Sep 1964
Topics: Geriatrics; Hematoma; Humans; Mediastinum; Neck; Pathology; Radiography; Surgical Procedures, Operative; Vascular Diseases
PubMed: 14222573
DOI: 10.1002/bjs.1800510909 -
Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery Jan 2020Mediastinal hematoma rarely occurs after a minor traffic injury.
BACKGROUND
Mediastinal hematoma rarely occurs after a minor traffic injury.
CASE PRESENTATION
A woman in her forties was transferred to the emergency room by ambulance due to a traffic accident. Computed tomography (CT) revealed no abnormal findings, and she went home. Two days after the accident, the contrast-enhanced CT was repeated, which revealed cervical and mediastinal hematomas. Because it was possible that there was active bleeding from the right inferior thyroid artery, embolization of the right inferior thyroid artery was performed; however, her condition further deteriorated, so we performed emergency surgery to achieve hemostasis and remove the hematoma. Because of oozing from the right thyroid lobe, we performed right hemithyroidectomy and drainage of mediastinal space and right thoracic cavity. Since there was no bleeding site in the mediastinum, we thought that the mediastinal hematoma was due to bleeding from the thyroid gland. Her postoperative course was uneventful, and she is doing well at 9 months of follow-up after surgery.
CONCLUSIONS
It is possible that mediastinal hematoma might be caused by a minor traffic injury.
Topics: Accidents, Traffic; Adult; Drainage; Embolization, Therapeutic; Female; Hematoma; Hemorrhage; Humans; Mediastinal Diseases; Neck Injuries; Pharyngeal Diseases; Subclavian Artery; Thyroid Diseases; Thyroid Gland; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 31924238
DOI: 10.1186/s13019-020-1065-x -
Critical Reviews in Diagnostic Imaging 1986The superior vena cava (SVC) can be visualized and reliably evaluated by computed tomography (CT). Opacification of this vessel with iodinated contrast material and... (Review)
Review
The superior vena cava (SVC) can be visualized and reliably evaluated by computed tomography (CT). Opacification of this vessel with iodinated contrast material and multiplanar reformations can provide information concerning the patency of the lumen and the relationship of the SVC with adjacent mediastinal and lung structures, both normal and abnormal. SVC obstruction leading to SVC syndrome is the most common condition affecting this vessel. It can be caused by both extrinsic compression and intraluminal thrombosis. Numerous collateral pathways have been described by conventional radiographic and anatomic studies with the azygos vein being the most important collateral vessel. From this aspect, five distinct grades of SVC obstruction can be identified. Grade 0: SVC narrowing without clinical evidence of SVC syndrome. Grade I: Moderate SVC narrowing without collaterals. Grade II: Severe SVC narrowing with the azygos vein serving as partial collateral. Grade III: SVC obstruction above the azygos arch. Grade IV: SVC obstruction at or below the level of the azygos arch. Patients with Grades I to IV have clinical evidence of SVC syndrome, and the CT grading roughly corresponds to the severity of clinical findings. CT accurately depicts both the site of SVC obstruction and important collateral pathways and clearly distinguishes between SVC thrombosis and external compression. In this regard, it provides unique information not available from other modalities such as conventional or radioisotope venography. Furthermore, in a number of patients with suspected SVC obstruction, this vessel may be patented, leading to clinical reassessment. The only disadvantage of CT as compared with radionuclide flow studies is the potential hazard from i.v. administration of iodinated contrast material. Less common abnormalities of the SVC include congenital or developmental conditions, such as persistent left SVC, aneurysms, dilation of the vessel due to heart failure, and variations (usually tortuosity) of the thoracic inlet vessels. We conclude that CT should be used as the procedure of choice for the diagnosis of SVC abnormalities, especially in patients with suspected SVC syndrome.
Topics: Abscess; Aneurysm; Azygos Vein; Contrast Media; Hematoma; Humans; Mediastinal Diseases; Mediastinal Neoplasms; Mediastinitis; Neoplasms; Superior Vena Cava Syndrome; Thrombosis; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Vena Cava, Superior
PubMed: 3525001
DOI: No ID Found -
Gaoxiong Yi Xue Ke Xue Za Zhi = the... Jan 1991Intrathoracic involvement of the extramedullary hematopoiesis is a rare condition. It is usually found in patients with thalassemia or hereditary spherocytosis. In the... (Review)
Review
Intrathoracic involvement of the extramedullary hematopoiesis is a rare condition. It is usually found in patients with thalassemia or hereditary spherocytosis. In the literature, only 79 cases have been reported. Here, in Taiwan, a 22 year-old female patient of beta-thalassemia intermedia presented with posterior mediastinal mass proved as an intrathoracic extramedullary hematopoiesis by thoracoscopic biopsy was reported.
Topics: Adult; Biopsy, Needle; Female; Hematopoiesis, Extramedullary; Hemorrhage; Humans; Mediastinal Diseases; Mediastinum; Thalassemia
PubMed: 1990152
DOI: No ID Found -
Injury Sep 2017Blast injury has been the most common cause of morbidity and mortality encountered by UK forces during recent conflicts. Injuries sustained by blast are categorised by...
BACKGROUND
Blast injury has been the most common cause of morbidity and mortality encountered by UK forces during recent conflicts. Injuries sustained by blast are categorised by the injuring component of the explosion and depend upon physical surroundings. Previous work has established that head injuries and intra cavity haemorrhage are the major causes of death following exposure to under body (mounted) blast but has yet to explore the precise nature of these torso injuries nor the effect of particular injuries upon survival. This study examines the patterns of torso injury within the mounted blast environment in order to understand the effect of these injuries upon survivability.
METHODS
This retrospective study examined the UK Joint Theatre Trauma Registry to determine precise injury patterns of mounted blast casualties within a 13year period of UK military deployments. Survival rates of individual injuries were compared and a multivariable logistic regression model was developed in order to assess the effect that each injury had upon likelihood of death.
RESULTS
426 mounted casualties were reviewed of whom 129 did not survive. Median NISS and ISS for non-survivors was found to be 75. Torso injuries were significantly more common amongst non-survivors than survivors and high case fatality rates were associated with all haemorrhagic torso injuries. Multivariable analysis shows that mediastinal injuries have the largest odds ratio for mortality (20.4) followed by lung laceration and head injury.
CONCLUSIONS
Non-compressible torso haemorrhage is associated with mortality amongst mounted blast. Of this group, mediastinal injury is the strongest predictor of death and could be considered as a surrogate marker of lethality. Future work to link blast loading characteristics with specific injury patterns will inform the design of mitigating strategies in order to improve survivability of underbody blast.
Topics: Adult; Afghan Campaign 2001-; Blast Injuries; Explosions; Female; Humans; Injury Severity Score; Male; Mediastinum; Military Medicine; Military Personnel; Patient Outcome Assessment; Prognosis; Retrospective Studies; Survival Rate; United Kingdom; Young Adult
PubMed: 28750794
DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2017.07.019 -
CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association... Jul 2008
Topics: Aged; Catheterization, Central Venous; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Hematoma; Humans; Mediastinal Diseases; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 18663206
DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.080737