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Pediatrics International : Official... Nov 2020Congenital unilateral pulmonary vein atresia (CUPVA) is known to lead to the formation of an abnormal confluent mediastinal and hilar soft tissue mass, thoracic...
BACKGROUND
Congenital unilateral pulmonary vein atresia (CUPVA) is known to lead to the formation of an abnormal confluent mediastinal and hilar soft tissue mass, thoracic hypoplasia, and interlobular septal thickening on the affected side. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the frequency and severity of mediastinal soft tissue mass-like lesions and examine other abnormal findings associated with CUPVA.
METHODS
We retrospectively reviewed seven children with CUPVA who underwent contrast-enhanced CT scans and measured the soft tissue mass volume in the bilateral mediastinum (affected and normal side). The location of abnormal soft tissue was divided into three anatomical sections (paratracheal, peribronchial, and the dorsal aspect of the left atrium). The relationships among soft tissue volume and anatomical section were statistically evaluated. Also, the presence of thoracic hypoplasia, small ipsilateral pulmonary arteries, interlobular septal thickening, and ground-glass opacities were investigated.
RESULTS
In all cases, CT scans confirmed the presence of confluent soft tissue mass-like lesions in the affected mediastinum. The soft tissue volume on the affected side was 5.5-fold greater than the volume on the normal side (average: 18.0 cm and 4.25 cm respectively, P < 0.01). Thoracic hypoplasia and interlobular septal thickening were found in all patients. Small pulmonary arteries and ground-glass opacities were present in six of the seven patients.
CONCLUSION
Abnormal mediastinal and hilar soft tissue is commonly found in patients with CUPVA. So, if we encounter the mediastinal soft tissue mass in patients with CUPVA, no further test will be indicated.
Topics: Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Heart Defects, Congenital; Humans; Infant; Male; Mediastinum; Pulmonary Veins; Retrospective Studies; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Vascular Malformations
PubMed: 32428316
DOI: 10.1111/ped.14307 -
Journal of Medical Case Reports May 2015A rare complication of chronic pancreatitis is the formation of single or multiple mediastinal pseudocysts, which are fueled from the pancreas through anatomical... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
A rare complication of chronic pancreatitis is the formation of single or multiple mediastinal pseudocysts, which are fueled from the pancreas through anatomical openings of the diaphragm. We present a rare case with a difficult diagnosis, treatment and potentially catastrophic complications.
CASE PRESENTATION
A 53-year-old Caucasian man was referred to our hospital for further investigation and treatment of a large heterogeneous mass situated in the posterior mediastinum, and bilateral pleural effusions which had developed after recent multiple episodes of pancreatitis. He had a history of chronic alcoholism. Laboratory and imaging modalities established the diagnosis of a pancreatic mediastinal pseudocyst.
CONCLUSIONS
Despite successful initial conservative treatment, our patient had a relapse and underwent emergency surgical intervention due to internal hemorrhage. We present his diagnostic and imaging workup, along with the multidisciplinary intervention, and a literature review referring to the diagnosis and treatment of mediastinal pancreatic pseudocysts.
Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Male; Mediastinal Diseases; Mediastinum; Middle Aged; Pancreas; Pancreatic Pseudocyst; Pancreatitis, Chronic; Pleural Effusion; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 25962880
DOI: 10.1186/s13256-015-0582-z -
Chest May 1993
Topics: Adult; Female; Hemangioma, Cavernous; Humans; Mediastinal Neoplasms; Mediastinum; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 8486046
DOI: 10.1378/chest.103.5.1577 -
Revue Des Maladies Respiratoires Nov 2015
Topics: Aged, 80 and over; Anemia; Hematopoiesis, Extramedullary; Humans; Incidental Findings; Indium Radioisotopes; Male; Mediastinal Diseases; Mediastinum; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive; Radiography, Thoracic; Radionuclide Imaging
PubMed: 26232209
DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2015.06.015 -
JAMA Jun 2018
Topics: Adolescent; Biopsy; Hodgkin Disease; Humans; Lymph Nodes; Male; Mediastinum; Neoplasm Staging; Pleural Effusion; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 29922807
DOI: 10.1001/jama.2018.7107 -
European Respiratory Review : An... Dec 2021The diagnosis of a mediastinal mass may be challenging for clinicians, since lesions arising within the mediastinum include a variety of disease entities, frequently... (Review)
Review
The diagnosis of a mediastinal mass may be challenging for clinicians, since lesions arising within the mediastinum include a variety of disease entities, frequently requiring a multidisciplinary approach. Age and sex represent important information, which need to be integrated with imaging and laboratory findings. In addition, the location of the mediastinal lesion is fundamental; indeed, we propose to illustrate mediastinal diseases based on the compartment of origin. We consider that this structured approach may serve as hint to the diagnostic modalities and management of mediastinal diseases. In this review, we present primary mediastinal tumours in the evolving context of new diagnostic and therapeutic tools, with recently described entities, based on our own experience with >900 cases encountered in the past 10 years.
Topics: Diagnostic Imaging; Humans; Mediastinal Neoplasms; Mediastinum
PubMed: 34615701
DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0309-2020 -
American Journal of Respiratory and... May 2013
Topics: Bronchogenic Cyst; Diagnosis, Differential; Drainage; Humans; Male; Mediastinal Diseases; Mediastinum; Middle Aged; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 23675716
DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201206-1055IM -
Archives of Disease in Childhood.... Dec 2019To present a structured approach to the management of a child with a mediastinal mass presenting to the emergency department. To raise awareness of presenting features... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
To present a structured approach to the management of a child with a mediastinal mass presenting to the emergency department. To raise awareness of presenting features of less-obvious mediastinal masses and to encourage consideration of mediastinal masses in differential diagnoses.
METHODS
Review of the relevant literature and review of London Paediatric Cancer Network supportive guidelines and subsequent description of the approach to a child presenting with features suggestive of a mediastinal mass.
CONCLUSIONS
A systematic approach to history taking, clinical examination and investigation of a child presenting with a mediastinal mass will assist in the safe and timely management of children presenting when they are critically unwell. Anticipation of potential management complications and early transfer for ongoing management will improve patient outcomes and minimise morbidity.
Topics: Airway Management; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Mediastinal Neoplasms; Mediastinum; Medical History Taking; Physical Examination
PubMed: 31048342
DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2018-315269 -
European Journal of Cardio-thoracic... May 2022Mediastinal arterio-venous haemangiomas are rare benign vascular tumours. To the best of our knowledge, very few cases of mediastinal arterio-venous haemangiomas have...
Mediastinal arterio-venous haemangiomas are rare benign vascular tumours. To the best of our knowledge, very few cases of mediastinal arterio-venous haemangiomas have ever been reported. Herein, we report about a 55-year-old woman who presented to our hospital with a mass in the right posterior mediastinum. The tumour was successfully resected via video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery, and further pathological analysis confirmed the mass to be an arterio-venous haemangioma. The patient made a full recovery without any postoperative complications.
Topics: Arteriovenous Malformations; Female; Hemangioma; Humans; Mediastinal Neoplasms; Mediastinum; Middle Aged; Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted
PubMed: 34986218
DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezab566 -
Anesthesiology Mar 2018
Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Lymphoma, B-Cell; Mediastinal Neoplasms; Mediastinum; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 29035895
DOI: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000001931