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Pediatric Annals Oct 1989
Review
Topics: Congenital Abnormalities; Female; Humans; Intellectual Disability; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications
PubMed: 2682495
DOI: 10.3928/0090-4481-19891001-06 -
Annals of Emergency Medicine Jan 2000There are approximately 6 million individuals with a diagnosis of mental retardation in the United States. Because of deinstitutionalization of patients with mental... (Review)
Review
There are approximately 6 million individuals with a diagnosis of mental retardation in the United States. Because of deinstitutionalization of patients with mental retardation, coupled with an increase in their life expectancy, emergency physicians are increasingly encountering and managing patients with mental retardation in the emergency department. Many emergency physicians are uncomfortable when interacting with individuals with mental retardation, which often carries over to the assessment and management of these patients in the ED. The purpose of this review is to aid the emergency physician in understanding the patient with mental retardation, their comorbid conditions, and the approach to evaluating and managing these patients in the ED.
Topics: Attitude of Health Personnel; Comorbidity; Deinstitutionalization; Emergency Treatment; Family; Humans; Intellectual Disability; Life Expectancy; Medical Staff, Hospital; Physician-Patient Relations; Risk Factors; United States
PubMed: 10613942
DOI: 10.1016/s0196-0644(00)70106-5 -
The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and... 1995
Review
Topics: Brain Injuries; Chromosome Aberrations; Chromosome Disorders; Humans; Intellectual Disability; Nervous System Malformations; Teratogens
PubMed: 7580200
DOI: 10.1176/jnp.7.3.361 -
Journal of Consulting and Clinical... Feb 1994As the number of adults with mental retardation and concomitant psychological difficulties living in the community increases, so does the need for effective outpatient... (Review)
Review
As the number of adults with mental retardation and concomitant psychological difficulties living in the community increases, so does the need for effective outpatient psychotherapy services. Despite this need, the relevant literature base is sorely lacking. This article is a brief review of this literature with regard to psychodynamic, behavioral, and group psychotherapy approaches. On the basis of this review, a research agenda is offered concerning future directions. Last, because of the lack of a rich database regarding effective treatment approaches for such individuals, this article includes a description of a model of clinical decision making that is geared to aid the practicing clinician in designing clinical interventions for adults with mental retardation.
Topics: Ambulatory Care; Behavior Therapy; Comorbidity; Decision Making, Computer-Assisted; Humans; Intellectual Disability; Mental Disorders; Psychotherapy; Psychotherapy, Group
PubMed: 8034826
DOI: 10.1037//0022-006x.62.1.34 -
Journal of Autism and Developmental... Apr 1995Several factors appear to impede the development of a valid taxonomy of psychopathology in children and adolescents with mental retardation. These include (a) the lack... (Review)
Review
Several factors appear to impede the development of a valid taxonomy of psychopathology in children and adolescents with mental retardation. These include (a) the lack of a widely accepted definition of psychopathology in mental retardation, (b) disagreement on the nature of the relationship between mental retardation and psychopathology, and (c) insufficient evidence for the reliability and validity of current DSM or ICD systems in this population. In this article, we offer a definition of psychopathology in children with mental retardation; review concepts of the relationship between psychopathology and mental retardation; argue that in moving toward a valid taxonomy factors to be considered should include data from multivariate studies, findings related to behavior phenotypes, and diagnostic considerations with stereotypic behavior and self-injury, organic brain syndromes and pervasive developmental disorders. Finally, we outline a research strategy that may serve as a useful framework for developing a valid taxonomy of psychopathology in this population.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Comorbidity; Female; Humans; Intellectual Disability; Male; Mental Disorders; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Psychometrics; Psychopathology; Reproducibility of Results
PubMed: 7559282
DOI: 10.1007/BF02178501 -
Pediatric Clinics of North America Oct 2008Global developmental delay and mental retardation or intellectual disability offer challenges to the practitioner at several different levels. Accurate recognition of... (Review)
Review
Global developmental delay and mental retardation or intellectual disability offer challenges to the practitioner at several different levels. Accurate recognition of these most common of subtypes of neurodevelopmental disabilities is a central precondition to their correct evaluation and management. Proper evaluation is a time- and labor-intensive process that emphasizes several different goals. Guidelines now exist to assist the practitioner in selecting the appropriate investigation path to be pursued, and these guidelines should be used to inform the selections of investigations made. Although challenging and time consuming, the evaluation of these children offers many professional rewards and is a necessary first step in a family's adaptation to their child's chronic condition.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Child Development; Child, Preschool; Developmental Disabilities; Humans; Infant; Intellectual Disability; Intelligence
PubMed: 18929052
DOI: 10.1016/j.pcl.2008.07.010 -
Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi Mar 1994
Topics: Child; China; Humans; Intellectual Disability
PubMed: 7922744
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Child Psychology and... Nov 1997Mental retardation occurs in more than 1% of the child population. A cause can be found in almost 80% of individuals with severe mental retardation, but in fewer than... (Review)
Review
Mental retardation occurs in more than 1% of the child population. A cause can be found in almost 80% of individuals with severe mental retardation, but in fewer than 40% of those with mild mental retardation. A work-up is indicated in all cases of mental retardation. A medical doctor with specific training in the field is needed to make "decision-tree diagnosis" and to suggest the most appropriate physical investigations in each case. This paper provides practical guidelines for diagnosis and work-up both in severe and mild mental retardation.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Child; Child, Preschool; Comorbidity; Decision Trees; Female; Genetic Counseling; Humans; Infant; Intellectual Disability; Intelligence Tests; Male; Medical History Taking; Neurologic Examination; Phenotype; Physical Examination; Prevalence; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Sex Distribution; Terminology as Topic
PubMed: 9413789
DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.1997.tb01608.x -
Journal of Tropical Pediatrics Apr 1984
Topics: Child; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Intellectual Disability; Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Microcephaly
PubMed: 6726829
DOI: 10.1093/tropej/30.2.113 -
Journal of the Indian Medical... Jun 1969
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Intellectual Disability; Male
PubMed: 5809441
DOI: No ID Found