-
Journal of Clinical Pharmacology Jan 1980We have developed a gas-liquid chromatographic analysis for measuring plasma alphaprodine. The analysis is sufficiently sensitive for studying therapeutic-dose... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
We have developed a gas-liquid chromatographic analysis for measuring plasma alphaprodine. The analysis is sufficiently sensitive for studying therapeutic-dose pharmacokinetics in man. Single intravenous bolus injections of either alphaprodine or meperidine were given to volunteer subjects. Plasma concentration data were fitted to a biexpoential equation and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated. Consistent with alphaprodine's shorter clinical duration compared to meperidine, we found that plasma levels of alphaprodine decline at a more rapid rate. Plasma clearances for the two narcotics are nearly identical (1.04 l./kg/min for alphaprodine and 1.01 l./kg/min for meperidine). The apparent volume of distribution for alphaprodine is smaller than for meperidine (1.90 l./kg for alphaprodine and 3.37 l./kg for meperidine).
Topics: Adult; Alphaprodine; Female; Humans; Kinetics; Male; Meperidine
PubMed: 7358866
DOI: 10.1002/j.1552-4604.1980.tb01664.x -
The Journal of Pharmacology and... May 1970
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Male; Meperidine; Mice; Phenelzine; Tranylcypromine
PubMed: 5442302
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Chromatography. B,... Aug 1994A gas chromatographic method with flame ionization detection (FID) for the quantitative analysis of meperidine and mass spectrometry (MS) for the qualitative analyses of...
A gas chromatographic method with flame ionization detection (FID) for the quantitative analysis of meperidine and mass spectrometry (MS) for the qualitative analyses of meperidine and its metabolites in urine was established. Meperidine, normeperidine and acetyl normeperidine in urine were extracted with ether. Free and conjugated meperidinic and normeperidinic acids in urine, which are hydrophillic, were hydrolyzed by acid, esterified with methanol and derivatized with acetic anhydride. Meperidine and its four metabolites were identified by GC-MS. Meperidine was measured by GC-FID during 72 h after intramuscular administration of meperidine to an addict.
Topics: Biotransformation; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Humans; Meperidine; Opioid-Related Disorders
PubMed: 7820266
DOI: 10.1016/0378-4347(94)00240-1 -
Anesthesia and Analgesia May 1986
Topics: Adult; Biotransformation; Colonic Neoplasms; Diazepam; Female; Humans; Injections, Intramuscular; Meperidine; Obesity; Oxygen; Pain, Postoperative; Postoperative Period; Seizures
PubMed: 3963440
DOI: No ID Found -
The Journal of Physiology Nov 1975The effects of meperidine and naloxone, and their interaction effects on action potential production in frog's sartorius muscle fibres, were studied with intracellular...
The effects of meperidine and naloxone, and their interaction effects on action potential production in frog's sartorius muscle fibres, were studied with intracellular micro-electrode techniques. 1. Meperidine, a narcotic analgesic drug, depressed the rate of rise, the rate of fall and the amplitude of the action potentials. 2. At a meperidine concentration of 0-35 mM, the depression in the action potential maximum rate of rise followed a diphasic time course. At first there was a rapid reduction in the maximum rate of rise which was levelling off at about 60% of control 60-90 min after drug application. This was followed by the second phase during which there was an initial rapid decrease in the maximum rate of rise and all surface fibres were inexcitable by 180 min. 3. The addition of naloxone, a narcotic antagonist, in low concentrations (3 X 10(-5) to 3 X 10(-4) mM) at 70-90 min blocked the second phase of the meperidine-induced depression. 4. With lower concentrations of meperidine (0-18 and 0-07 mM) the depression usually developed more slowly (up to 6 hr with the latter dose) and the addition of low naloxone concentrations partially antagonized the effects of meperidine. However, under no conditions was it possible to completely antagonize the effects of meperidine by the addition of naloxone. 5. A linear relation was found between action potential amplitude and the action potential maximum rate of fall. 6. Meperidine caused a shift in the relation of rate of fall against amplitude to higher action potential amplitudes, indicating that the drug inhibited the increase in potassium conductivity (gK) associated with the falling phase of the action potential. 7. When low naloxone concentrations antagonized the effects of meperidine on the rate of rise and restored action potential amplitudes to control levels, the effect of meperidine on the maximum rate of fall was not antagonized. 8. Larger naloxone concentrations (1-5 X 10(-2) mM or more) depressed the action potential rate of rise but did not alter the relation between action potential amplitude and the maximum rate of fall. 9. It is proposed that meperidine blocks action potential production by two mechanisms: (i) a non-specific mechanism in which the increases in both gNa and gK ar depressed and (ii) an opiate drug receptor mediated mechanism causing a specific depression of gNa. 10. The impression gained from the results is that there are opiate drug receptors located on the inner surface of the muscle membrane associated with the 'sodium channels' and that drug activation of these receptors by either meperidine or high naloxone concentrations interferes with the opening of the 'sodium channels' normally produced by membrane depolarization.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Anura; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Meperidine; Muscles; Naloxone; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Rana pipiens; Receptors, Drug; Sodium; Time Factors
PubMed: 1082025
DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.1975.sp011160 -
Regional Anesthesia 1992One aim of epidural analgesia during childbirth is to provide satisfactory pain relief with minimal side effects. We hypothesized that a combination of opioid and local... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial Comparative Study Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND
One aim of epidural analgesia during childbirth is to provide satisfactory pain relief with minimal side effects. We hypothesized that a combination of opioid and local anesthetic would better achieve this aim than either drug alone. This study compared the efficacy and side effects of epidural meperidine and bupivacaine combined to those of meperidine and bupivacaine alone.
METHODS
One hundred consenting nulliparas requesting epidural analgesia in labor were randomly assigned to receive, in a double-blind fashion, one of five treatments. These were 25 mg meperidine, 12.5 mg bupivacaine, 25 mg meperidine plus 12.5 mg bupivacaine, 25 mg bupivacaine, and 37.5 mg bupivacaine. Efficacy of analgesia and side effects were assessed before and after each dose. Leg strength was measured with a force meter and blood flow to each foot with a blood perfusion monitor. The neurobehavioral state of the newborn was assessed by a pediatrician who was blind to treatment using a neurologic and adaptive capacity scoring system.
RESULTS
Thirty-seven women did not achieve satisfactory analgesia after the first dose of test medication; these predominantly were those who received 25 mg meperidine (n = 12) or 12.5 mg bupivacaine (n = 11). Nausea decreased after the initial dose with all treatments (p less than 0.01), whereas shivering increased in patients receiving bupivacaine (p less than 0.01). There was a reduction in leg strength and an increase in blood flow associated with the two higher bupivacaine treatments (p less than 0.01), and with both parameters the dependent limb was most affected. Overall patient satisfaction was greatest in the group receiving meperidine plus bupivacaine. Neonatal neurologic and adaptive capacity scores did not differ significantly among the treatment groups.
CONCLUSION
The low-dose combination of meperidine and bupivacaine used in this trial proved a satisfactory preparation for epidural administration during the early stages of labor.
Topics: Adult; Analgesia, Epidural; Analgesia, Obstetrical; Bupivacaine; Double-Blind Method; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Female; Humans; Labor, Obstetric; Meperidine; Pregnancy
PubMed: 1599888
DOI: No ID Found -
Canadian Anaesthetists' Society Journal Mar 1982Postoperative analgesia was provided to nine grossly obese patients with a continuous intravenous meperidine infusion. The narcotic was infused at an initial rate of 1.3...
Postoperative analgesia was provided to nine grossly obese patients with a continuous intravenous meperidine infusion. The narcotic was infused at an initial rate of 1.3 mg . min-1 for 45 minutes, then 0.7 mg . min-1 for 30 minutes followed by 0.5 mg . min-1 for the next 24 hours. Pain was assessed at hourly intervals, serial blood samples were taken for measurement of plasma meperidine concentrations, and respiratory function was assessed by serial measurement of vital capacity and arterial blood gas analysis. Analgesia was gradual in onset and from six hours after commencement of the infusion, seven of the patients suffered little or no pain. Plasma meperidine concentrations reached a peak of 0.33 +/- 0.05 microgram . ml-1 at one hour decreased gradually after three hours. Surprisingly, there was poor correlation between analgesia and plasma meperidine concentration. All patients breathed spontaneously and maintained satisfactory blood gas tensions. However, there was a marked reduction in postoperative vital capacity. Thus meperidine administered by continuous intravenous infusion can provide good postoperative analgesia in the obese patient without producing respiratory depression. However, the lack of correlation between analgesia and plasma narcotic concentration suggests that further study is required before intravenous regimes can be prescribed by application of pharmacokinetic principles.
Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Infusions, Parenteral; Male; Meperidine; Obesity; Pain, Postoperative; Respiration
PubMed: 7066738
DOI: 10.1007/BF03007993 -
Orthopedic Nursing 1989
Topics: Humans; Infusion Pumps; Meperidine
PubMed: 2734025
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Wildlife Diseases Oct 1988Meperidine HCl was administered intramuscularly by hand-syringe to a number of individuals representing several species of cetaceans (n = 95) and pinnipeds (n = 36).... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Meperidine HCl was administered intramuscularly by hand-syringe to a number of individuals representing several species of cetaceans (n = 95) and pinnipeds (n = 36). Dosage administered was 0.11 mg/kg, 0.23 mg/kg or 0.45 mg/kg, with the majority of animals receiving the middle dosage. Meperidine HCl provided moderate restraint in cetaceans without obvious deleterious effects. Restraint was achieved rapidly, with maximum effect occurring 20 min after intramuscular injection and lasting for 2 to 3 hr. Analgesia appeared to last as long as 4 hr and was sometimes accompanied by a restoration of appetite in animals suffering from physical discomfort. Higher doses produced increased sedation and analgesia without noticeably depressing respiration. Meperidine HCl provided moderate restraint for phocids and walrus (Odobenus rosmarus) without apparent detriment. California sea lions (Zalophus californianus) showed little restraint, but demonstrated profound respiratory depression.
Topics: Animals; Caniformia; Cetacea; Immobilization; Meperidine; Tranquilizing Agents
PubMed: 3193567
DOI: 10.7589/0090-3558-24.4.691 -
Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi 1997In this study, urine concentrations of meperidine and normeperidine after a single therapeutic dose of meperidine in 5 healthy volunteers have been measured and compared... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
In this study, urine concentrations of meperidine and normeperidine after a single therapeutic dose of meperidine in 5 healthy volunteers have been measured and compared the results to those in meperidine addicts. The results showed that there was a significant difference between two groups in the ratio of metabolite to parent drug. If can be concluded that the ratio should be aid in making a cause of meperidine injection.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Meperidine; Substance Abuse Detection; Substance-Related Disorders
PubMed: 9644148
DOI: No ID Found