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Frontiers in Public Health 2022To understand the blood glucose meter buying behavior of type 2 diabetic patients with poor glycemic control (two or more HbA1c ≥ 8% during visits in one year) and...
OBJECTIVE
To understand the blood glucose meter buying behavior of type 2 diabetic patients with poor glycemic control (two or more HbA1c ≥ 8% during visits in one year) and identify factors influencing it.
METHODS
A survey was conducted among 585 diabetic patients with poor glycemic control who were treated in the outpatient or inpatient clinics of the Department of Endocrinology, Taizhou Hospital, Zhejiang Province from June 2020 to May 2021. The questionnaire collected general information and clinical data, and assessed blood glucose meter buying behavior. Chi-square test was used to compare the essential characteristics and clinical data between buyers and non-buyers of blood glucose meters. Additionally, stepwise logistic regression was used to analyze the factors influencing purchase.
RESULTS
Of the 585 questionnaires distributed, 527 (90.09%) valid questionnaires were collected. Of the 527 respondents, 285 (54.08%) had purchased blood glucose meters. Not receiving insulin therapy (OR: 1.77, 95% CI: 1.13-2.77) and unawareness of self-monitoring of blood glucose (OR: 19.46, 95% CI: 12.51-30.26) were risk factors for non-purchase.
CONCLUSION
There is a need to actively increase the purchase of glucose meters among diabetic patients, by educating them about the importance of self-monitoring of blood glucose.
Topics: Blood Glucose; Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring; Diabetes Mellitus; Humans; Hyperglycemia; Outpatients
PubMed: 35651857
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.880088 -
Applied Optics Mar 2023Automated identification of single-pointer meter identification in substations is widely used in the construction of digital substations and it must accurately identify...
Automated identification of single-pointer meter identification in substations is widely used in the construction of digital substations and it must accurately identify the value of the pointer meter. Current single-pointer meter identification methods are not universally applicable and can only identify one type of meter. In this study, we present a hybrid framework for single-pointer meter identification. First, the input image of the single-pointer meter is modeled to gain a priori knowledge, including the template image, dial position information, the pointer template image, and scale value positions. Based on a convolutional neural network to generate the input image and the template image feature points, image alignment is then applied through a feature point match to mitigate slight changes in the camera angle. Next, a pixel loss-free method of arbitrary point image rotation correction is presented for rotation template matching. Finally, by rotating the input gray mask image of the dial and matching it to the pointer template to get the optimal rotation angle, the meter value is calculated. The experimental findings demonstrate the method's effectiveness in identifying nine different types of single-pointer meters in substations with various ambient illuminations. This study provides a feasible reference for substations to identify the value of different types of single-pointer meters.
PubMed: 37132878
DOI: 10.1364/AO.483386 -
Journal of Diabetes Science and... Jul 2016Glucose meters often have similar performance when compared by error grid analysis. This is one reason that other statistics such as mean absolute relative deviation... (Review)
Review
Glucose meters often have similar performance when compared by error grid analysis. This is one reason that other statistics such as mean absolute relative deviation (MARD) are used to further differentiate performance. The problem with MARD is that too much information is lost. But additional information is available within the A zone of an error grid by using the Taguchi loss function. Applying the Taguchi loss function gives each glucose meter difference from reference a value ranging from 0 (no error) to 1 (error reaches the A zone limit). Values are averaged over all data which provides an indication of risk of an incorrect medical decision. This allows one to differentiate glucose meter performance for the common case where meters have a high percentage of values in the A zone and no values beyond the B zone. Examples are provided using simulated data.
Topics: Blood Glucose; Humans; Models, Theoretical; Reproducibility of Results
PubMed: 26719136
DOI: 10.1177/1932296815624713 -
The New Zealand Medical Journal Nov 2013Health consumer's input into assessment of medical device safety is traditionally given either as part of study outcome (trial participants) or during post marketing... (Review)
Review
Health consumer's input into assessment of medical device safety is traditionally given either as part of study outcome (trial participants) or during post marketing surveillance. Direct consumer input into the methodological design of device assessment is less common. We discuss the difference in requirements for assessment of a measuring device from the consumer and clinician perspectives, using the example of hand held glucose meters. Around 80,000 New Zealanders with diabetes recently changed their glucose meter system, to enable ongoing access to PHARMAC subsidised meters and strips. Consumers were most interested in a direct comparison of their 'old' meter system (Accu-Chek Performa) with their 'new' meter system (CareSens brand, including the CareSens N POP), rather than comparisons against a laboratory standard. This direct comparison of meter/strip systems showed that the CareSens N POP meter read around 0.6 mmol/L higher than the Performa system. Whilst this difference is unlikely to result in major errors in clinical decision making such as major insulin dosing errors, this information is nevertheless of interest to consumers who switched meters so that they could maintain access to PHARMAC subsidised meters and strips. We recommend that when practical, the consumer perspective be incorporated into study design related to medical device assessment.
Topics: Blood Glucose; Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring; Diabetes Mellitus; Equipment Design; Humans; Point-of-Care Systems; Reproducibility of Results
PubMed: 24316996
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Diabetes Science and... Sep 2019Glucose meter evaluations are common and provide important information about glucose meter performance versus standards. Although some meters meet guidelines and others...
Glucose meter evaluations are common and provide important information about glucose meter performance versus standards. Although some meters meet guidelines and others fall short in these evaluations, most results are within the A and B zones of a glucose meter error grid. Another data source that is seldom used is the FDA adverse event database (MAUDE). This database describes glucose meter malfunctions and injury as reported by actual users and returned 10 837 adverse events across all meters for the first 7 months of 2018. Reliability growth management is an established tool to reduce failure rates. A reliability growth example is presented followed by a discussion of how this tool could be applied to reduce glucose meter failure events using the MAUDE database.
Topics: Algorithms; Blood Glucose; Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring; Data Management; Databases, Factual; Humans; Internet of Things; Quality Assurance, Health Care; Reproducibility of Results; United States; United States Food and Drug Administration
PubMed: 30580582
DOI: 10.1177/1932296818814457 -
Data in Brief Dec 2020In this data article, we report a dataset related to the research titled "[2]. The dataset was collected from a large repository of Arabic poems, website [1]. The data...
In this data article, we report a dataset related to the research titled "[2]. The dataset was collected from a large repository of Arabic poems, website [1]. The data collection was done using a Python script that scrapes the website to find the poems and their associated meters. The dataset contains the verses and their corresponding meter classes. Meter classes are represented as numbers from 0 to 13. The dataset can be highly useful for further research in order to improve the field of Arabic poems' meter classification.
PubMed: 33204783
DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2020.106497 -
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Jul 2021At present, pointer meters are still widely used because of their mechanical stability and electromagnetic immunity, and it is the main trend to use a computer...
At present, pointer meters are still widely used because of their mechanical stability and electromagnetic immunity, and it is the main trend to use a computer vision-based automatic reading system to replace inefficient manual inspection. Many correction and recognition algorithms have been proposed for the problems of skew, distortion, and uneven illumination in the field-collected meter images. However, the current algorithms generally suffer from poor robustness, enormous training cost, inadequate compensation correction, and poor reading accuracy. This paper first designs a meter image skew-correction algorithm based on binary mask and improved Mask-RCNN for different types of pointer meters, which achieves high accuracy ellipse fitting and reduces the training cost by transfer learning. Furthermore, the low-light enhancement fusion algorithm based on improved Retinex and Fast Adaptive Bilateral Filtering (RBF) is proposed. Finally, the improved ResNet101 is proposed to extract needle features and perform directional regression to achieve fast and high-accuracy readings. The experimental results show that the proposed system in this paper has higher efficiency and better robustness in the image correction process in a complex environment and higher accuracy in the meter reading process.
PubMed: 34300630
DOI: 10.3390/s21144891 -
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Mar 2023Chlorophyll meters are portable devices used to assess and improve plants' nitrogen management and to help farmers in the determination of the health condition of plants...
Chlorophyll meters are portable devices used to assess and improve plants' nitrogen management and to help farmers in the determination of the health condition of plants through leaf greenness measurements. These optical electronic instruments can provide an assessment of chlorophyll content by measuring the light passing through a leaf or by measuring the light radiation reflected from its surface. However, independently of the main principle of operation and use (e.g., absorbance vs. reflectance measurements), commercial chlorophyll meters usually cost hundreds or even thousands of euros, making them inaccessible to growers and ordinary citizens who are interested in self-cultivation, farmers, crop researchers, and communities lacking resources in general. A low-cost chlorophyll meter based on light-to-voltage measurements of the remaining light after two LED light emissions through a leaf is designed, constructed, evaluated, and compared against two well-known commercial chlorophyll meters, the SPAD-502 and the atLeaf CHL Plus. Initial tests of the proposed device on lemon tree leaves and on young Brussels sprouts plant leaves revealed promising results compared to the commercial instruments. The coefficient of determination, R2, was estimated to be 0.9767 for the SPAD-502 and 0.9898 for the atLeaf-meter in lemon tree leaves samples compared to the proposed device, while for the Brussels sprouts plant, R2 was estimated to be 0.9506 and 0.9624, respectively. Further tests conducted as a preliminary evaluation of the proposed device are also presented.
Topics: Chlorophyll; Plant Leaves; Nitrogen
PubMed: 36904902
DOI: 10.3390/s23052699 -
Archives of Physical Medicine and... Mar 2019To establish reference values and determine test-retest reliability for usual and maximal 4-meter gait speed. (Observational Study)
Observational Study
OBJECTIVES
To establish reference values and determine test-retest reliability for usual and maximal 4-meter gait speed.
DESIGN
Cross-sectional observational study.
SETTING
Offices in 10 geographically dispersed cities in the United States.
PARTICIPANTS
Men and women (N=1320), aged 18 to 85 years, enrolled in the National Institutes of Health Toolbox norming study.
INTERVENTION
Not applicable.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Specifically used were data from men and women who were timed over 4 meters (after a static start) while walking at their usual and maximum speeds. Norms for usual and maximum gait speed were derived using data from 1320 participants. Test-retest reliability for 164 participants was described using paired t tests, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), and minimal detectable changes (MDCs).
RESULTS
Mean usual speed was 1.12 meters per second, whereas mean maximum speed was 1.61 meters per second. As a general linear model showed 4-meter gait speed to differ significantly according to gait condition (speed), sex, and age group; estimates of normal were calculated accordingly. The usual speed of 80- to 85-year-old women was lowest at 0.95 meters per second; the maximum speed of 18- to 29-year-old men was highest at 1.85 meters per second. Test-retest measures did not differ significantly, but the ICCs were only fair and the MDCs were high.
CONCLUSIONS
Normative reference values provided herein may be helpful in interpreting measurements of 4-meter gait speed obtained from adult men and women. The limited reliability of the gait speed measurements, however, limits their usefulness in making judgments regarding change.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Health; Healthy Volunteers; Humans; Limit of Detection; Male; Middle Aged; Reference Values; Reproducibility of Results; Statistics, Nonparametric; United States; Walk Test; Walking Speed; Young Adult
PubMed: 30092204
DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2018.06.031 -
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Aug 2023Developing a low-cost wireless energy meter with power quality measurements for smart grid applications represents a significant advance in efficient and accurate...
Developing a low-cost wireless energy meter with power quality measurements for smart grid applications represents a significant advance in efficient and accurate electric energy monitoring. In increasingly complex and interconnected electric systems, this device will be essential for a wide range of applications, such as smart grids, by introducing a real-time energy monitoring system. In light of this, smart meters can offer greater opportunities for sustainable and efficient energy use and improve the utilization of energy sources, especially those that are nonrenewable. According to the 2020 International Energy Agency (IEA) report, nonrenewable energy sources represent 65% of the global supply chain. The smart meter developed in this work is based on the ESP32 microcontroller and easily accessible components since it includes a user-friendly development platform that offers a cost-effective solution while ensuring reliable performance. The main objective of developing the smart meters was to enhance the software and simplify the hardware. Unlike traditional meters that calculate electrical parameters by means of complex circuits in hardware, this project performed the calculations directly on the microcontroller. This procedure reduced the complexity of the hardware by simplifying the meter design. Owing to the high-performance processing capability of the microcontroller, efficient and accurate calculations of electrical parameters could be achieved without the need for additional circuits. This software-driven approach with simplified hardware led to benefits, such as reduced production costs, lower energy consumption, and a meter with improved accuracy, as well as updates on flexibility. Furthermore, the integrated wireless connectivity in the microcontroller enables the collected data to be transmitted to remote monitoring systems for later analysis. The innovative feature of this smart meter lies in the fact that it has readily available components, along with the ESP32 chip, which results in a low-cost smart meter with performance that is comparable to other meters available on the market. Moreover, it is has the capacity to incorporate IoT and artificial intelligence applications. The developed smart meter is cost effective and energy efficient, and offers benefits with regard to flexibility, and thus represents an innovative, efficient, and versatile solution for smart grid applications.
PubMed: 37631747
DOI: 10.3390/s23167210