-
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces Sep 2019Enzymatic reduction of CO is of great significant, which involves an efficient multienzyme cascade system (MECS). In this work, formate dehydrogenase (FDH), glutamate...
Enzymatic reduction of CO is of great significant, which involves an efficient multienzyme cascade system (MECS). In this work, formate dehydrogenase (FDH), glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), and reduced pyridine nucleotide (NADH) (FDH&GDH&NADH), formaldehyde dehydrogenase (FalDH), GDH, and NADH (FalDH&GDH&NADH), and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), GDH, and NADH (ADH&GDH&NADH) were embedded in ZIF-8 (one kind of metal organic framework) to prepare three kinds of enzymes and coenzymes/ZIF-8 nanocomposites. Then by dead-end filtration these nanocomposites were sequentially located in a microporous membrane, which was combined with a pervaporation membrane to timely achieve the separation of product methanol. Incorporation of the pervaporation membrane was helpful to control reaction direction, and the methanol amount increased from 5.8 ± 0.5 to 6.7 ± 0.8 μmol. The reaction efficiency of an immobilized enzymes-ordered distribution in a membrane was higher than that disordered distribution in the membrane, and the methanol amount increased from 6.7 ± 0.8 to 12.6 ± 0.6 μmol. Moreover, it appeared that introduction of NADH into ZIF-8 enhanced the transformation of CO to methanol from 12.6 ± 0.6 to 13.4 ± 0.9 μmol. Over 50% of their original productivity was retained after 12 h of use. This method has wide applicability and can be used in other kinds of multienzyme systems.
Topics: Carbon Dioxide; Membranes, Artificial; Metal-Organic Frameworks; Methanol; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidoreductases; Porosity
PubMed: 31419104
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b09811 -
Meditsina Truda I Promyshlennaia... 1997
Topics: Adult; Chronic Disease; Humans; Male; Methanol; Occupational Diseases; Occupational Exposure
PubMed: 9574994
DOI: No ID Found -
Sudebno-meditsinskaia Ekspertiza 1989
Topics: Adult; Autopsy; Emergencies; Female; Humans; Male; Methanol; Middle Aged; Tissue Distribution
PubMed: 2617569
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Forensic Sciences Jan 1985A 44-year-old man was found unconscious beneath an elevated rapid transit right-of-way. On admission to the emergency room, the patient was comatose in metabolic...
A 44-year-old man was found unconscious beneath an elevated rapid transit right-of-way. On admission to the emergency room, the patient was comatose in metabolic acidosis with high anion and osmolal gaps. The serum methanol was 583 mg/dL. The serum ethanol and ethylene glycol were negative. The patient was treated with ethanol, bicarbonate, and hemodialysis. He expired 40 h after admission. The postmortem methanol concentrations in body fluids were as follows: bile 175 mg/dL, vitreous humor 173 mg/dL, and blood 142 mg/dL. Urine was not available for analysis. Postmortem methanol concentrations in body tissues are given in decreasing order: brain 159 mg/100 g, kidney 130 mg/100 g, lung 127 mg/100 g, spleen 125 mg/100 g, skeletal muscle 112 mg/100 g, pancreas 109 mg/100 g, liver 107 mg/100 g, and heart 93 mg/100 g. The total amount of methanol in the gastric contents was 73 mg. Methanol determinations were performed on a Hewlett-Packard 5840A gas chromatograph with flame ionization detection using a glass column packed with 0.2% Carbowax 1500 on Carbopack C. The internal standard used was n-propyl alcohol.
Topics: Adult; Bile; Chromatography, Gas; Humans; Male; Methanol; Tissue Distribution; Vitreous Body
PubMed: 3981111
DOI: No ID Found -
The American Journal of Medicine Nov 1979Two patients with extremely high blood methanol concentrations (260 and 282 mg/dl) were successfully treated using pharmacokinetic dosing of ethanol, hemodialysis and...
Two patients with extremely high blood methanol concentrations (260 and 282 mg/dl) were successfully treated using pharmacokinetic dosing of ethanol, hemodialysis and supportive measures. Both patients recovered completely without residual ophthalmologic deficits. Early hemodialysis and inhibition of methanol metabolism with effective ethanol concentrations were attributed to the patients' full recovery. Methanol elimination was enhanced by hemodialysis as evidenced by a decrease in half-life from eight to two and a half hours. Methanol dialysance was 98 ml/min. A dosage regimen for ethanol was devised, utilizing dose-dependent pharmacokinetic parameters and the ethanol dialysance (100 to 120 ml/min) from these two patients. An ethanol loading dose of 0.6 g/kg should be administered to an adult with an acute methanol ingestion. This dose will produce a blood ethanol concentration of approximately 100 mg/dl which can be maintained by an ethanol infusion of 66 mg/kg/hour for nondrinkers to 154 mg/kg/hour for chronic ethanol drinkers. Hemodialysis should be initiated if the blood methanol concentration is greater than 50 mg/dl. If hemodialysis is initiated, the ethanol infusion should be increased by 7.2 g/hour.
Topics: Ethanol; Female; Humans; Male; Methanol; Middle Aged; Renal Dialysis
PubMed: 507092
DOI: 10.1016/0002-9343(79)90738-1 -
Natural Product Research Feb 2022(water mimosa) is an edible medicinal plant used in treating various diseases. According to Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases, is used in curing earaches,...
(water mimosa) is an edible medicinal plant used in treating various diseases. According to Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases, is used in curing earaches, dysentery, syphilis, and tumour. The present study was aimed at demonstrating the anticancer activity of the methanolic extract. The methanolic extract was isolated and its anti-proliferative activity was studied on haematological cancer cell lines. The activity of the extract was further evaluated using cell cycle analysis and apoptosis assays. In addition to this, effect of the extract on c-Myc and PErk1/2 modulation was also evaluated. extract induced cell death in cancer cells while sparing normal cells. An increase in cleaved PARP and reduction in BCL-2 levels observed upon treatment causes reduction in c-Myc levels and pERK1/2 protein levels. Thus, our work highlights the methanolic extract of as a promising anti-cancer agent.
Topics: Apoptosis; Fabaceae; Methanol; Plant Extracts
PubMed: 33213226
DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1844693 -
Applied and Environmental Microbiology Jan 1994Methanol is an important anaerobic substrate in industrial wastewater treatment and the natural environment. Previous studies indicate that cobalt greatly stimulates...
Methanol is an important anaerobic substrate in industrial wastewater treatment and the natural environment. Previous studies indicate that cobalt greatly stimulates methane formation during anaerobic treatment of methanolic wastewaters. To evaluate the effect of cobalt in a mixed culture, a sludge with low background levels of cobalt was cultivated in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor. Specific inhibitors in batch assays were then utilized to study the effect of cobalt on the growth rate and activity of different microorganisms involved in the anaerobic degradation of methanol. Only methylotrophic methanogens and acetogens were stimulated by cobalt additions, while the other trophic groups utilizing downstream intermediates, H2-CO2 or acetate, were largely unaffected. The optimal concentration of cobalt for the growth and activity of methanol-utilizing methanogens and acetogens was 0.05 mg liter-1. The higher requirement of cobalt is presumably due to the previously reported production of unique corrinoid-containing enzymes (or coenzymes) by direct utilizers of methanol. This distinctly high requirement of cobalt by methylotrophs should be considered during methanolic wastewater treatment. Methylotroph methanogens presented a 60-fold-higher affinity for methanol than acetogens. This result in combination with the fact that acetogens grow slightly faster than methanogens under optimal cobalt conditions indicates that acetogens can outcompete methanogens only when reactor methanol and cobalt concentrations are high, provided enough inorganic carbon is available.
Topics: Anaerobiosis; Biodegradation, Environmental; Cobalt; Ecosystem; Euryarchaeota; Kinetics; Methanol; Waste Disposal, Fluid; Water Microbiology
PubMed: 8117078
DOI: 10.1128/aem.60.1.227-234.1994 -
Archives of Razi Institute Nov 2021The screening of plant extracts for natural products and antimicrobial activity has revealed the potential of higher plants as a source of new anti-infective agents. In...
The screening of plant extracts for natural products and antimicrobial activity has revealed the potential of higher plants as a source of new anti-infective agents. In the current study, the antibacterial activity of methanol extract of leaves was tested against four bacteria species: two Gram-positive bacteria ( and ) and two Gram-negative bacteria ( and ). The Well diffusion method was used to assess the antibacterial activity of the plant extract. The results showed that the methanolic extract of leaves was more effective against Gram-positive bacteria, with an inhibition rate of 18.28 mm, as measured by the spectrum of antimicrobial activity against bacteria, where the zone of inhibition ranged between (24.7- 12.7) mm and (20-13.3) mm against , when compared to Gram-negative bacteria with a mean inhibition rate of 14.28 mm and indicated by zones of inhibition ranging between (18.7 and 11.3 mm) against and (16.3-9.3 mm) against at concentrations of 10%-2.5% since the mean of inhibition increases with increasing concentration of the extract. This suggests that this plant extract could be used for the treatment of a variety of diseases caused by these pathogens. The presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, sterols/terpenes, and tannins in the leaf was validated by phytochemical screening, confirming the potential good source of antibacterial agents with the highest sensitivity observed. This indicates that this plant extract could be used for the treatment of numerous diseases.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Chenopodiaceae; Escherichia coli; Methanol; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Phytochemicals; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Staphylococcus aureus; Staphylococcus epidermidis
PubMed: 35355769
DOI: 10.22092/ari.2021.356133.1784 -
Annals of Internal Medicine Feb 1986To evaluate the utility of serum formate concentrations, four patients were studied after ingestion of a methanolic copying fluid. All patients were initially...
To evaluate the utility of serum formate concentrations, four patients were studied after ingestion of a methanolic copying fluid. All patients were initially intoxicated. Twelve to twenty-four hours later, signs and symptoms included nausea, abdominal pain, hypokalemia, acidosis (three patients), and pathologic ocular findings (two patients). All patients were treated with ethanol and folate. The two patients with ocular signs and acidosis had high serum formate concentrations (75 and 55 mg/dL, respectively). One of the two patients had a high methanol concentration (222 mg/dL) and required hemodialysis; the other patient did not (methanol concentration, 24 mg/dL). In the other two patients without ocular signs, initial formate concentrations were undetectable (limit of detection, 0.5 mg/dL); however, one patient required hemodialysis because the methanol concentration was 72 mg/dL. Formate is the mediator of ocular injury and acidosis. In these patients formate concentrations correlated with the clinical condition but methanol concentrations did not.
Topics: Acidosis; Adult; Bicarbonates; Ethanol; Eye Diseases; Folic Acid; Formates; Humans; Male; Methanol; Renal Dialysis
PubMed: 3946945
DOI: 10.7326/0003-4819-104-2-200 -
Clinical Toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.) 2007Methanol poisoning is a potentially fatal medical emergency because of its metabolism to formic acid. The half-life of formate has been reported in the range of 2.5-12.5...
UNLABELLED
Methanol poisoning is a potentially fatal medical emergency because of its metabolism to formic acid. The half-life of formate has been reported in the range of 2.5-12.5 hours, but the degree of inter-individual variation is not known. We studied methanol and formate kinetics in a case of late diagnosed methanol poisoning with persisting metabolic acidosis and circulatory failure.
CASE REPORT
A 63-year-old man was referred to our hospital with a tentative diagnosis of stroke. He was awake on admission, but he soon deteriorated in the emergency department and a metabolic acidosis was revealed. Methanol poisoning was then suspected approximately five hours after admission but in spite of intensive treatment he died after six days.
RESULTS
The S-methanol half-lives during treatment with fomepizole before and during hemodialysis were 49.5 and 4.1 hours, respectively, while the similar half-lives of S-formate were 77.0 and 2.9 hours. S-fomepizole was measured and found to be within the therapeutic range during treatment.
DISCUSSION
The patient was treated with the established dosing regimen for fomepizole and the measured S-fomepizole levels throughout the treatment were adequate; the S-methanol elimination also suggests that methanol metabolism was blocked. Hence, other explanations for this exceptionally long formate half-life include slow formate metabolism, due to small hepatic folate stores or to genetic deficiencies in formate-metabolizing enzymes, or slow formate excretion, due to renal tubular acidosis, to a non-oliguric renal failure, or to genetic deficiencies in the renal formate transporters.
CONCLUSION
This case report indicates that the half-life of S-formate may have greater inter-individual variation than earlier expected, being by far the longest half-life reported in the medical literature. These results support the use of hemodialysis in the treatment of such patients.
Topics: Antidotes; Fatal Outcome; Fomepizole; Formates; Half-Life; Humans; Male; Methanol; Middle Aged; Pyrazoles; Renal Dialysis
PubMed: 17503258
DOI: 10.1080/15563650701354150