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Die Pharmazie May 2003The neuroleptic drug levomepromazine (1, previously known as methotrimeprazine) is photolabile under UV-A and UV-B light in aerobic conditions. Irradiation of a methanol...
The neuroleptic drug levomepromazine (1, previously known as methotrimeprazine) is photolabile under UV-A and UV-B light in aerobic conditions. Irradiation of a methanol solution of this drug produces one photoproduct, resulting from the oxidation of 1 to its sulfoxide parent. It is demonstrated that photodegradation occurs via type II mechanism involving irreversible trapping of self-photogenerated singlet molecular oxygen. 1 shows a photohemolytic effect on human erythrocytes and photoinducers lipid peroxidation.
Topics: Antipsychotic Agents; Dermatitis, Phototoxic; Electrons; Erythrocytes; Hemolysis; Histidine; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Indicators and Reagents; Linoleic Acid; Lipid Peroxidation; Methotrimeprazine; Nitroblue Tetrazolium; Oxidants; Oxygen; Photochemistry; Photolysis; Serum Albumin; Singlet Oxygen; Ultraviolet Rays
PubMed: 12779046
DOI: No ID Found -
The Cochrane Database of Systematic... Nov 2015This is an updated version of the original Cochrane Review published in Issue 4, 2013, on Levomepromazine for nausea and vomiting in palliative care.Nausea and vomiting... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
This is an updated version of the original Cochrane Review published in Issue 4, 2013, on Levomepromazine for nausea and vomiting in palliative care.Nausea and vomiting are common, distressing symptoms for patients receiving palliative care. There are several drugs which can be used to treat these symptoms, known as antiemetics. Levomepromazine is an antipsychotic drug is commonly used as an antiemetic to alleviate nausea and vomiting in palliative care settings.
OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the efficacy of, and adverse events associated with, levomepromazine for the treatment of nausea and vomiting in palliative care patients.
SEARCH METHODS
For this update we searched electronic databases, including those of Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE and EMBASE, up to February 2015. We searched clinical trial registers on 7 October 2015 for ongoing trials.
SELECTION CRITERIA
Randomised controlled trials of levomepromazine for the treatment of nausea or vomiting, or both, in adults receiving palliative care. We excluded studies in which symptoms were thought to be due to pregnancy or surgery.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
We assessed the potential relevance of studies based on titles and abstracts. We obtained copies of any study reports that appeared to meet the inclusion criteria for further assessment. At least two review authors read each paper to determine suitability for inclusion and discussed discrepancies in order to achieve a consensus.
MAIN RESULTS
In the original review, we identified 421 abstracts using the search strategy. We considered eight studies for inclusion but ultimately excluded them all from the review. We updated the search in February 2015 and identified 35 abstracts, but again none met the inclusion criteria. We identified two trials from clinical trial registers, one of which is ongoing and one of which was closed due to poor recruitment.
AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS
As in the initial review, we identified no published randomised controlled trials examining the use of levomepromazine for the management of nausea and vomiting in adults receiving palliative care, and our conclusion (that further studies of levomepromazine and other antiemetic agents are needed to provide better evidence for their use in this setting) remains unchanged. We did, however, identify one ongoing study that we hope will contribute to the evidence base for this intervention in future updates of this review.
Topics: Adult; Antiemetics; Female; Humans; Methotrimeprazine; Nausea; Palliative Care; Pregnancy; Vomiting
PubMed: 26524693
DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD009420.pub3 -
Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy Mar 2000A spectrophotometric method is described for determination of methotrimeprazine (levomepromazine). The aim of this work was to develop a simple, rapid, precise, and...
A spectrophotometric method is described for determination of methotrimeprazine (levomepromazine). The aim of this work was to develop a simple, rapid, precise, and accurate visible spectrophotometric method for determination of methotrimeprazine in tablet, oral solution, and injection. The method is based on methotrimeprazine reaction with bromophenol blue, resulting in a stable, light yellow-green ion-pair complex that, after extraction with chloroform, presented maximum absorption at 409 nm. Beer's law was obeyed in the concentration range from 5.0 to 25.0 micrograms/ml. The proposed standardized method was applied to commercially available and simulated samples. The accuracy of the method was confirmed by recovery tests.
Topics: Antipsychotic Agents; Drug Compounding; Humans; Methotrimeprazine; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity; Spectrophotometry
PubMed: 10738643
DOI: 10.1081/ddc-100100354 -
Rassegna Di Neuropsichiatria E Scienze... 1963
Topics: Biomedical Research; Depression; Depressive Disorder; Imipramine; Mental Disorders; Methotrimeprazine
PubMed: 14127195
DOI: No ID Found -
The Cochrane Database of Systematic... Apr 2013Nausea and vomiting are common, distressing symptoms for patients receiving palliative care. There are several agents which can be used to treat these symptoms.... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Nausea and vomiting are common, distressing symptoms for patients receiving palliative care. There are several agents which can be used to treat these symptoms. Levomepromazine is an antipsychotic drug which is commonly used to alleviate nausea and vomiting in palliative care settings.
OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the efficacy of and adverse events (both minor and serious) associated with the use of levomepromazine for the treatment of nausea and vomiting in palliative care patients.
SEARCH METHODS
We searched the electronic databases including CENTRAL, MEDLINE, and EMBASE using relevant search terms and synonyms in March 2013.
SELECTION CRITERIA
Randomised controlled trials of levomepromazine for the treatment of nausea or vomiting, or both, for adults receiving palliative care. Studies where symptoms were thought to be due to pregnancy or surgery were excluded.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
The potential relevance of studies was assessed based on titles and abstracts. Any study reports which appeared to meet the inclusion criteria were obtained for further assessment. All three authors read these papers to determine their suitability for inclusion and discussed discrepancies to achieve a consensus.
MAIN RESULTS
The search strategy identified 421 abstracts from which eight studies were considered but all were excluded from the review.
AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS
No randomised controlled trials were identified examining the use of levomepromazine for nausea and vomiting in palliative care. Further studies of levomepromazine and other antiemetic agents are needed to provide better evidence for their use in this setting.
Topics: Adult; Antiemetics; Female; Humans; Methotrimeprazine; Nausea; Palliative Care; Pregnancy; Vomiting
PubMed: 23633372
DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD009420.pub2 -
Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sep 1976A GLC method, based on flame-ionization detection, was developed for the assay of methotrimeprazine and its sulfoxide in plasma. For a 6-ml aliquot, the sensitivity was...
A GLC method, based on flame-ionization detection, was developed for the assay of methotrimeprazine and its sulfoxide in plasma. For a 6-ml aliquot, the sensitivity was 2-3 ng/ml for the unchanged drug and 4-5 ng/ml for the sulfoxide. The coefficient of variation, calculated from duplicate analyses of plasma samples, was 8-15% for concentrations between 10 and 100 ng/ml. Patients treated with orally administered methotrimeprazine had higher plasma levels of the sulfoxide than of unmetabolized drug. The method also was applied to the analysis of promazine and chlorpromazine in patient plasma.
Topics: Chromatography, Gas; Cyclic S-Oxides; Methods; Methotrimeprazine
PubMed: 966147
DOI: 10.1002/jps.2600650917 -
Journal of Clinical Pharmacology Nov 1988Since methotrimeprazine proved to be both an effective tranquilizer and analgesic, its effect in a tranquilizing dose of 0.15 mg/kg on the arterial blood gases was...
Since methotrimeprazine proved to be both an effective tranquilizer and analgesic, its effect in a tranquilizing dose of 0.15 mg/kg on the arterial blood gases was determined in human volunteers. Because of the known potentiating effect of some phenothiazines on the narcotic-analgesic induced respiratory depression and analgesia, the effect of methotrimeprazine on the meperidine-induced respiratory depression was also studied. Before, and at five minute intervals after the administration of the test drugs, PaO2, PaCO2 and pH were determined by a Radiometer Copenhagen Blood Gas Analyzer (Radiometer Copenhagen, 72 Endruvej, Denmark) through a Riley-needle. Continuous ECG lead II tracings were taken during the experiment. No significant decrease in PaO2 or increase in PaCO2 (P less than 0.01) was observed in 6 healthy volunteers (mean age = 25 yrs) after 0.15 mg/kg i.v. methotrimeprazine. In 19 volunteers (mean age = 32 yrs), the intravenous infusion of 1.5 mg/kg meperidine caused significant decrease in PaO2 and increase in PaCO2 five minutes after its administration. The combined administration of both drugs to 6 volunteers (mean age = 23 yr) caused initially the same decrease in PaO2 as after meperidine alone with subsequent increase in PaO2 over normal levels, however, the PaCO2 significantly increased both as compared to baseline values and as compared with meperidine alone. The pH reductions after the combination of both drugs were greater than after meperidine alone, which in combination with the PaCO2 values confirms the potentiation of meperidine-induced respiratory depression by methotrimeprazine. The results indicate the methotrimeprazine alone causes no significant respiratory depression, but it potentiates the respiratory depression caused by meperidine.
Topics: Adult; Blood Gas Analysis; Drug Interactions; Female; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Male; Meperidine; Methotrimeprazine; Time Factors
PubMed: 3243915
DOI: 10.1002/j.1552-4604.1988.tb03125.x -
Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology 2009To assess the potential efficacy and tolerability of levopromazine(methotrimeprazine) in the treatment of fibromyalgia.
OBJECTIVES
To assess the potential efficacy and tolerability of levopromazine(methotrimeprazine) in the treatment of fibromyalgia.
METHODS
Unicentre, open-label study conducted in thirty-five outpatients, aged 18 years or older, who met the ACR criteria for fibromyalgia and had not satisfactorily responded to previous fibromyalgia treatment. Levopromazine, flexibly dosed (12.5-100 mg/d), was added to the outpatients' original treatment regimens for 12 weeks. The primary outcome measure was the mean change from baseline to endpoint in the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ) total score in the intent-to-treat sample. Secondary outcomes included the Clinical Global Impression (CGI) of Severity scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Beck Depression Inventory, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, 12-Item Short Form Health Survey, and individual items of the FIQ.
RESULTS
The mean FIQ total score did not decrease significantly at the study endpoint (63.37 SD 11.32 vs. 61.19 SD 9.32, p=0.73). Pain intensity, as evaluated by the Visual Analogue Scale, remained unchanged at study endpoint (8.5 SD 1.6 vs. 8.2 SD 1.2, p=0.49). A statistically significant reduction was observed in the PSQI score (15.65 SD 3.33 vs. 12.23 SD 3.79, p<0.001, effect size: 1.03) and the CGI-severity score (4.71 SD 0.64 vs. 4.03 SD 1.01, p<0.002, effect size: 1.06). No significant or relevant changes were seen in the remaining fibromyalgia symptoms, psychopathological scales or quality-of-life. The drug was well tolerated.
CONCLUSIONS
Despite its efficacy in improving sleep quality, levopromazine does not appear to be a useful alternative treatment for fibromyalgia.
Topics: Adult; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Analysis of Variance; Female; Fibromyalgia; Humans; Intention to Treat Analysis; Male; Methotrimeprazine; Middle Aged; Pain Measurement; Patient Satisfaction; Quality of Life; Sleep; Surveys and Questionnaires; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 20074434
DOI: No ID Found -
Southwestern Medicine Oct 1968
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Analgesics; Female; Humans; Male; Methotrimeprazine; Middle Aged
PubMed: 5706674
DOI: No ID Found -
Agranulocytosis associated with methotrimeprazine (Nozinan) administration: a report of three cases.Canadian Medical Association Journal Jun 1970
Topics: Adult; Agranulocytosis; Female; Humans; Male; Methotrimeprazine
PubMed: 5445698
DOI: No ID Found