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International Journal of Biological... Jan 2021Two-hybrid products of bentonite intercalated carbohydrate polymers (chitosan (BE.P.CH) and 2- hydroxyethyl methacrylate/methyl methacrylate copolymer (BE/P.HEMA/MMA))...
Insight into carbohydrate polymers (chitosan and 2- hydroxyethyl methacrylate/methyl methacrylate) intercalated bentonite-based nanocomposites as multifunctional and environmental adsorbents for methyl parathion pesticide.
Two-hybrid products of bentonite intercalated carbohydrate polymers (chitosan (BE.P.CH) and 2- hydroxyethyl methacrylate/methyl methacrylate copolymer (BE/P.HEMA/MMA)) were synthesized as enhanced adsorbents for methyl parathion pesticide (MPP). The intercalation processes induced the affinity and the capacity of bentonite achieving the best value at pH 8. The maximum MPP adsorption capacities of BE (287.3 mg/g), BE/P.CH (634.5 mg/g), and BE/P.HEMA-MMA (868.5 mg/g) obtained after 300 min, 240 min, and 360 min, respectively. The kinetic properties of BE follow the Pseudo-second order behavior (R = 0.93) while BE/P.CH and BE/P.HEMA-MMA are of Pseudo-First order behavior (R > 0.92). Based on the equilibrium studies, the three products are of Freundlich isotherm behavior (R > 0.9) and the uptake is of multilayer forms on heterogeneous surfaces. The Gaussian energies (>8 KJ/mol), Gibbs free energies (>20 to <40 KJ/mol), and enthalpies (>40 to <80 KJ/mol) give an indication about adsorption mechanism involved chemical and physical reactions. The thermodynamics of MPP uptake reactions by the three products are of endothermic and spontaneous behaviors. The MPP uptake in the presence of NH, PO, Mn, and Pb competitive ions reflects enhancement in the affinity of BE after the integration between it and the selected polymers.
Topics: Adsorption; Bentonite; Chitosan; Environmental Pollutants; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Intercalating Agents; Kinetics; Methacrylates; Methyl Parathion; Methylmethacrylate; Nanocomposites; Pesticides; Temperature; Time Factors
PubMed: 33278429
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.11.209 -
Drug Metabolism and Disposition: the... 1991Although numerous previous reports have characterized the mammalian biotransformation of the organophosphorus insecticides parathion and methyl parathion, questions...
Although numerous previous reports have characterized the mammalian biotransformation of the organophosphorus insecticides parathion and methyl parathion, questions still remain regarding the toxicological significance of certain metabolic pathways in vivo. The present study utilized rat liver perfusions in order to better characterize the hepatic biotransformation of parathion and methyl parathion in intact liver. Single-pass liver perfusions with parathion and methyl parathion over a range of perfusate concentrations of 10-80 microM resulted in the appearance of paraoxon and methyl paraoxon, respectively, in effluent. Furthermore, rat blood did not have the capacity to prevent transport of paraoxon and methyl paraoxon to extrahepatic tissues, suggesting that oxon produced hepatically can distribute to extrahepatic tissues. In addition, striking sex differences were noted in the metabolite profile of parathion and methyl parathion in perfused livers. However, these differences could not account for the observation that females are more susceptible to parathion, but less susceptible to methyl parathion, compared to males. And finally, S-methyl glutathione or S-p-nitrophenyl glutathione could not be detected in effluent or bile of livers from either sex perfused with methyl parathion, suggesting that glutathione-dependent detoxification of this insecticide does not occur to any significant degree in intact rat liver.
Topics: Animals; Biotransformation; Female; Hydrolysis; In Vitro Techniques; Liver; Male; Methyl Parathion; Nitrobenzenes; Oxygen Consumption; Parathion; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Sex Factors
PubMed: 1676657
DOI: No ID Found -
Biosensors & Bioelectronics Feb 2022A hydrophobic carboxyl functionalized phosphonium-based ionic liquid (IL) ((5-carboxypentyl) triphenylphosphonium bis (trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl) amide, TPP-HA[TFSI]) was...
Electrochemical sensing platform for the detection of methyl parathion applying highly biocompatible non-covalent functionalized phosphonium-based ionic liquid@MWCNTs hybrid to immobilize hemoglobin.
A hydrophobic carboxyl functionalized phosphonium-based ionic liquid (IL) ((5-carboxypentyl) triphenylphosphonium bis (trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl) amide, TPP-HA[TFSI]) was synthesized through a simple hydrothermal approach. Based on the π-π and cation-π interactions with multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), a TPP-HA[TFSI]@MWCNTs hybrid was prepared to immobilize hemoglobin (Hb) to fabricate a simple and effective electrochemical sensing platform for the detection of methyl parathion (MP) in vegetables. Spectroscopic and electrochemical results show that TPP-HA[TFSI]@MWCNTs substrate synergistically provided a good biocompatible microenvironment for Hb, and the hydrophobicity of TPP-HA[TFSI] and the π-π interaction and hydrogen bonding between TPP-HA[TFSI]@MWCNTs, Hb and nafion (NF) were conducive to maintain the stability and integrity of the modified electrode interface. The TPP-HA[TFSI]@MWCNTs with large surface area and high conductivity promoted the exposure of the electroactive center of Hb and the direct electron transfer between Hb and the electrode, which effectively amplified the electrochemical signal and improved the sensitivity of MP detection. The constructed electrochemical sensing platform had a wider linear range (2-14 ng mL) and a lower detection limit (0.62 ng mL) for MP, and had acceptable repeatability, reproducibility, stability and anti-interference ability. This results indicated that the phosphonium-based ILs functionalized MWCNTs was an effective substrate for the immobilization of biological components, which have broad prospect in the construction of electrochemical sensing interfaces.
Topics: Biosensing Techniques; Electrochemical Techniques; Hemoglobins; Ionic Liquids; Methyl Parathion; Nanotubes, Carbon; Reproducibility of Results
PubMed: 34740119
DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113755 -
Journal of Agricultural and Food... Nov 2022Methyl parathion (MP) residues have aroused extensive attention on account of their significant threat to the environment and food safety. Currently reported fluorescent...
Anchoring Cu Nanoclusters on Melamine-Formaldehyde Microspheres: A New Strategy for Triggering Aggregation-Induced Emission toward Specific Enzyme-Free Methyl Parathion Sensing.
Methyl parathion (MP) residues have aroused extensive attention on account of their significant threat to the environment and food safety. Currently reported fluorescent methods used for MP sensing largely depend upon an enzyme. Designing a facile and specific enzyme-free MP fluorescent sensor is in great demand, which remains a challenge. Here, negatively charged Cu nanoclusters (CuNCs) anchored on positively charged melamine-formaldehyde (MF) microspheres (MF@CuNCs) through an electrostatic interaction were prepared. MF microspheres triggered aggregation-induced emission (AIE) of CuNCs and successfully circumvented the shortcomings of poor stability and low luminescence of CuNCs. The fluorescence intensity of MF@CuNCs can be quenched by -nitrophenol produced by MP under alkaline conditions. Accordingly, a specific enzyme-free MP sensing method was constructed with MF@CuNCs. In combination with a smartphone, visually quantitative analysis of MP in a fast and portable way was also achieved. For the first time, AIE of CuNCs used for enzyme-free MP sensing was successfully explored in this work, and it is believed that this method will open a new pathway for AIE of CuNCs to be applied in various applications.
Topics: Copper; Methyl Parathion; Microspheres; Formaldehyde; Metal Nanoparticles; Spectrometry, Fluorescence
PubMed: 36342188
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c05194 -
Journal of Hazardous Materials Jan 2014Core-shell magnetic methyl parathion (MP) imprinted polymers (Fe3O4@MPIPs) were fabricated by a layer-by-layer self-assembly process. In order to take full advantage of...
Core-shell magnetic methyl parathion (MP) imprinted polymers (Fe3O4@MPIPs) were fabricated by a layer-by-layer self-assembly process. In order to take full advantage of the synergistic effect of hydrogen-binding interactions and π-π accumulation between host and guest for molecular recognition, methacrylic acid and 4-vinyl pyridine were chosen as co-functional monomers and their optimal proportion were investigated. The core-shell and crystalline structure, morphology and magnetic properties of Fe3O4@MPIPs were characterized. The MP-imprinted nanoshell was almost uniform and about 100nm thick. Binding experiments demonstrated that Fe3O4@MPIPs possessed excellent binding properties, including high adsorption capacity and specific recognition, as well as fast adsorption kinetics and a fast phase separation rate. The equilibration adsorption capacity reached up to 9.1mg/g, which was 12 times higher than that of magnetic non-imprinted polymers, while adsorption reached equilibrium within 5min at a concentration of 0.2mmol/L. Furthermore, Fe3O4@MPIPs successfully provided selective separation and removal of MP in soils with a recovery and detection limit of 81.1-87.0% and 5.2ng/g, respectively.
Topics: Adsorption; Magnetite Nanoparticles; Methyl Parathion; Nanoshells; Soil Pollutants
PubMed: 24275470
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.10.060 -
Analytica Chimica Acta Sep 2019For the first time, a simple electrochemical co-deposition was utilized to synthesis the gold and zirconia nanocomposites modified graphene nanosheets on glassy carbon...
For the first time, a simple electrochemical co-deposition was utilized to synthesis the gold and zirconia nanocomposites modified graphene nanosheets on glassy carbon electrode (Au-ZrO-GNs/GCE) for electrocatalytic analysis of methyl parathion (MP). According to Field-Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), Transmission Electronic Microscopy (TEM) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), the gold nanoparticles were uniformly distributed on the surface of graphene-based nanocomposite. The Au-ZrO-GNs/GCE based sensor exhibited superior capacity for MP detection, ascribed to the strong affinity of zirconia towards the phosphoric group, as well as the high catalytic activity and good conductivity of Au-GNs. The best fabrication and work conditions were then obtained by systematically optimization of the electrodeposition process, pH value and enrichment time. Compared to the gold nanoparticles, zirconia or graphene modified electrodes, AuZrO-GNs/GCE sensor displayed superior electro-catalytic response toward MP oxidation. The sensor response current of square wave voltammetry was highly linearly correlated with the MP concentrations range of 1-100 ng mL and 100-2400 ng mL with the detection limit of 1 ng mL. The Au-ZrO-GNs/GCE nanocomposite sensor showed excellent accuracy and reproducibility for detection of MP in Chinese cabbage samples, providing a new method for efficient pesticide detection in practical applications.
Topics: Electrochemical Techniques; Electrodes; Gold; Graphite; Methyl Parathion; Nanocomposites; Particle Size; Surface Properties; Zirconium
PubMed: 31146862
DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.04.043 -
Chemosphere Apr 2023This work reports a sensitive SERS substrate based on graphene oxide (GO) and quantum-sized ZrO nanoparticles (GO/ZrO) for label-free determination of the...
This work reports a sensitive SERS substrate based on graphene oxide (GO) and quantum-sized ZrO nanoparticles (GO/ZrO) for label-free determination of the organophosphate pesticide methyl parathion (MP). The enhanced light-matter interactions and the consequent SERS effect in these substrates resulted from the effective charge transfer (CT) mechanism attributed to synergistic contributions of three main factors: i) the strong molecular adherence of the MP molecules and the ZrO surface which allows the first layer-effect, ii) the relatively abundant surface defects in low dimensional ZrO semiconductor NPs, which act as intermediate electronic states that reduce the large bandgap barrier, and iii) the hindered charge recombination derived from the transference of the photoinduced holes to the GO layer. This mechanism allowed an enhancement factor of 8.78 × 10 for GO/ZrO-based substrates, which is more than 5-fold higher than the enhancement observed for platforms without GO. A detection limit of 0.12 μM was achieved with an outstanding repeatability (variation ≤4.5%) and a linear range up to 10 μM, which is sensitive enough to determine the maximal MP concentration permissible in drinking water according to international regulations. Furthermore, recovery rates between 97.4 and 102.1% were determined in irrigation water runoffs, strawberry and black tea extracts, demonstrating the reliability of the hybrid GO/ZrO substrate for the organophosphate pesticides quantification in samples related to agri-food sectors and environmental monitoring.
Topics: Methyl Parathion; Reproducibility of Results; Metal Nanoparticles; Graphite; Insecticides
PubMed: 36758819
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138081 -
Mutation Research 1992Metacid 50, the commercial grade of methyl parathion (O,O-dimethyl-O-4-nitrophenyl phosphorothionate), a commonly used organophosphorus insecticide, was tested for its...
Metacid 50, the commercial grade of methyl parathion (O,O-dimethyl-O-4-nitrophenyl phosphorothionate), a commonly used organophosphorus insecticide, was tested for its genotoxicity in Swiss albino mice using the sperm abnormality assay. Sperms of albino mice were examined at two time intervals, 1 week and 5 weeks after a single acute oral treatment with the pesticide at four dose levels, viz., 75.0, 37.5, 18.75 and 9.375 mg/kg body weight corresponding to 1/2 LD50, 1/4 LD50, 1/8 LD50 and 1/16 LD50 values respectively. A dose-related statistically significant increase in the percentage of abnormal sperm observed indicates the genotoxic potency of methyl parathion.
Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Male; Methyl Parathion; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Mutagens; Reference Values; Spermatozoa
PubMed: 1381479
DOI: 10.1016/0165-1218(92)90045-2 -
Chemosphere Apr 2021Manganese oxides (MnO), important environmental oxides, have drawn significant attention in areas such as detoxification of micro-hazardous organic contaminants with...
Manganese oxides (MnO), important environmental oxides, have drawn significant attention in areas such as detoxification of micro-hazardous organic contaminants with electron-donating functional groups such as -OH. However, studies on whether these oxidized processes might further impact the fate of some esters like organophosphorus pesticide (OPPs) remain poorly understood. Herein, we propose a new mechanism involved in the enhanced removal of methyl parathion in mixtures of MnO and phenol. Specifically, the removal of methyl parathion (up to 73.7%) was significantly higher for a binary system than for MnO alone (approximately 9.3%) and was primarily due to adsorption rather than degradation. The extent of methyl parathion adsorption was dependent significantly on pH, reactant loading and metal ion co-solutes (such as Ca, Mg, Fe and Mn). Both spectroscopic (FT-IR, SEM-EDX and XPS) and chromatographic (LC/HRMS) analyses showed that the remarkable increase in the number of organics (e.g., polymers) onto the MnO surface dominated methyl parathion adsorption via hydrogen bonding, n-π and π-π interactions, van der Waals forces and pore-diffusion. The results from this study provided evidence for the role of manganese oxides in adsorption of methyl parathion in soil-aquatic environments involving phenolic compounds.
Topics: Adsorption; Kinetics; Manganese Compounds; Methyl Parathion; Oxides; Phenol; Phenols; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
PubMed: 33121815
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128695 -
Archives of Environmental Contamination... Jul 1981Simulated spillage of emulsifiable concentrate (E.C.) and microencapsulated formulations of methyl parathion on soil were studied. Persistence of residues from both...
Simulated spillage of emulsifiable concentrate (E.C.) and microencapsulated formulations of methyl parathion on soil were studied. Persistence of residues from both formulations spilled as concentrates and as simulated from rinses were followed for up to 45 months. Spillage of encapsulated formulation resulted in the formulation of a solid cake-like deposit on the soil surface, which could be a particularly attractive hazard to small children. At 45 months, soil residues had decreased by 64% for emulsifiable concentrate spills, and 68% for the soil beneath the microencapsulated cake. Residue in the cake itself only decreased by 31%. Soil residue levels from simulated drum rinses were essentially innocuous by 45 months for the emulsifiable concentrate and by one year for the microencapsulated material. The leaching of methyl parathion from the microencapsulated cake into soil and the relationship between available residue and wet weather were also investigated.
Topics: Methyl Parathion; Parathion; Pesticide Residues; Seasons; Soil Pollutants
PubMed: 7259307
DOI: 10.1007/BF01055441