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Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Nov 1972
Topics: Administration, Oral; Androgens; Ascorbic Acid; Biopharmaceutics; Fluorescence; Half-Life; Humans; Hydrochloric Acid; Methods; Methyltestosterone; Peroxides; Pilot Projects; Spectrometry, Fluorescence
PubMed: 4652643
DOI: 10.1002/jps.2600611110 -
Biology of Reproduction Aug 2017The sex identity of fish can be easily manipulated by exogenous hormones. Treatment with 17-methyltestosterone (MT) has been widely used to induce a male fate, but the...
The sex identity of fish can be easily manipulated by exogenous hormones. Treatment with 17-methyltestosterone (MT) has been widely used to induce a male fate, but the molecular and cellular processes underlying sex changes induced by MT treatments and the withdrawal of MT are not well studied. In this study, we systematically investigated gonadal histology, gene expression profiles, sex steroid hormone levels, and cellular changes during sex changes induced by MT-feeding and MT-feeding withdrawal in the protogynous orange-spotted grouper, Epinephelus coioides. Based on gonadal histology, we demonstrated that MT-feeding-induced sex reversal can be divided into early and late phases: in the early phase, male and female germ cells coexist, and MT-feeding withdrawal leads to a female fate; in the late phase, only male germ cells are observed, and MT-feeding withdrawal does not reverse the process, leading to a male fate. In both the early and late phases, cytochrome P450 family19 subfamily A member 1 (cyp19a1a) gene expression increased in response to MT-feeding withdrawal. Finally, by tracing doublesex- and Mab-3-related transcription factor 1 (dmrt1)-expressing cells, we found that gonia-like cells in the germinal epithelium might be the major germ cell sources for developing testes during sex reversal. Collectively, our findings provide insights into the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying sex changes induced by exogenous hormones.
Topics: Anabolic Agents; Animal Feed; Animals; Estradiol; Female; Gene Expression Regulation; Hermaphroditic Organisms; Male; Methyltestosterone; Perciformes; Testosterone; Transcriptome
PubMed: 29044430
DOI: 10.1093/biolre/iox085 -
Endocrinologia Japonica Feb 1978Pregnant rats were given daily a subcutaneous injection of methyltestosterone for 4 days from the 17th to the 20th day of gestation, and were allowed to be delivered to...
Pregnant rats were given daily a subcutaneous injection of methyltestosterone for 4 days from the 17th to the 20th day of gestation, and were allowed to be delivered to their offsprings (F1) which were used for the examination of later reproductive functioning. When observed for 21 weeks after birth, the growth rate of F1 from methyltestosterone-treated groups was higher than that of F1 from the control group. The anogenital distance in 50-microgram-treated F1 females started to become significantly longer on the 14th day and in 5-microgram-treated F1 females on the 28th day after birth than that in F1 from the control. The day on which vaginal opening took place in 50% of females was 34.4 days of age in both the control and the 5 microgram groups, but it delayed until 40.7 days in the 50 microgram group. Furthermore, persistent estrus was observed after about 90 days of age in the 50 microgram group. This persistent estrus disappeared by placing these females with males, resulting no pregnancy. In the 5 microgram group females could be pregnant, but their female fetuses (F2), when examined on the 21st day of gestation, had significantly shortened the length of the urovaginal septum. The observations show that virilization can be induced in the third generation.
Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Estrus; Female; Maternal-Fetal Exchange; Methyltestosterone; Pregnancy; Rats; Reproduction; Virilism
PubMed: 639752
DOI: 10.1507/endocrj1954.25.1 -
Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology Dec 1995
Review
Topics: Androgens; Contraceptives, Oral, Synthetic; Female; Humans; Methyltestosterone; Mifepristone; Progesterone; Progestins; United States; United States Food and Drug Administration
PubMed: 8616977
DOI: 10.1097/00003081-199538040-00016 -
Steroids Jan 2013Methyltestosterone (MT) is one of the most frequently detected anabolic androgenic steroids in doping control analysis. MT misuse is commonly detected by the...
Methyltestosterone (MT) is one of the most frequently detected anabolic androgenic steroids in doping control analysis. MT misuse is commonly detected by the identification of its two main metabolites excreted as glucuronide conjugates, 17α-methyl-5α-androstan-3α,17β-diol and 17α-methyl-5β-androstan-3α,17β-diol. The detection of these metabolites is normally performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, after previous hydrolysis with β-glucuronidase enzymes, extraction and derivatization steps. The aim of the present work was to study the sulphate fraction of MT and to evaluate their potential to improve the detection of the misuse of the drug in sports. MT was administered to healthy volunteers and urine samples were collected up to 30days after administration. After an extraction with ethyl acetate, urine extracts were analysed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry using electrospray ionisation in negative mode by monitoring the transition m/z 385 to m/z 97. Three diol sulphate metabolites (S1, S2 and S3) were detected. Potential structures for these metabolites were proposed after solvolysis and mass spectrometric experiments: S1, 17α-methyl-5β-androstan-3α,17β-diol 3α-sulphate; S2, 17β-methyl-5α-androstan-3α,17α-diol 3α-sulphate; and S3, 17β-methyl-5β-androstan-3α,17α-diol 3α-sulphate. Synthesis of reference compounds will be required in order to confirm the structures. The retrospectivity of these sulphate metabolites in the detection of MT misuse was compared with the obtained with previously described metabolites. Metabolite S2 was detected up to 21days after MT administration, improving between 2 and 3 times the retrospectivity of the detection compared to the last long-term metabolite of MT previously described, 17α-hydroxy-17β-methylandrostan-4,6-dien-3-one.
Topics: Acetates; Adult; Biomarkers; Doping in Sports; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Humans; Inactivation, Metabolic; Liquid-Liquid Extraction; Male; Methyltestosterone; Middle Aged; Molecular Weight; Performance-Enhancing Substances; Reference Standards; Solvents; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; Substance Abuse Detection; Sulfates; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Urinalysis
PubMed: 23127819
DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2012.10.008 -
Journal of Pharmaceutical and... Feb 2003Two isocratic liquid chromatographic methods (conventional and micellar) for the determination of methyltestosterone in sugar-coated pills using fluoxymesterone as...
Two isocratic liquid chromatographic methods (conventional and micellar) for the determination of methyltestosterone in sugar-coated pills using fluoxymesterone as internal standard have been developed and validated. In conventional liquid chromatography a mobile phase 45% water:acetonitrile 55% (v:v), a flow-rate 1 mlmin(-1) and a C(18) Hypersil ODS (250 x 4.6 mm, 5 microm) column (25 degrees C) were used. In micellar liquid chromatography the conditions were: mobile phase 40 mM sodium dodecyl sulfate: 10% propanol, flow-rate 0.5 mlmin(-1) and C(18) Hypersil ODS (150 x 3.0 mm, 5 microm) column (60 degrees C). For both methods, UV absorbance detection at 245 nm was used and a separation up to base line was achieved. Prior to HPLC analysis a simple sample preparation was required.
Topics: Anabolic Agents; Calibration; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Fluoxymesterone; Indicators and Reagents; Methyltestosterone; Micelles; Reference Standards; Reproducibility of Results; Tablets
PubMed: 12560066
DOI: 10.1016/s0731-7085(02)00575-7 -
Journal of Molecular Recognition : JMR Apr 2017New biosourced chiral cross-linkers were reported for the first time in the synthesis of methyltestosterone (MT) chiral molecularly imprinted polymers (cMIPs)....
New biosourced chiral cross-linkers were reported for the first time in the synthesis of methyltestosterone (MT) chiral molecularly imprinted polymers (cMIPs). Isosorbide and isomannide, known as 1,4:3,6-dianhydrohexitols, were selected as starting diols. The cMIPs were synthesized following a noncovalent approach via thermal radical polymerization and monitored by Raman spectroscopy. These cross-linkers were fully characterized by H and C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and high-resolution mass spectrometry. The cross-polarization magic angle spinning C NMR, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and specific surface areas following the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method were used to characterize the cMIPs. The effect of stereochemistry of cross-linkers on the reactivity of polymerization, morphology, and adsorption-recognition properties of the MIP was evaluated. The results showed that the cMIP exhibited an obvious improvement in terms of rebinding capacity for MT as compared with the nonimprinted polymer (NIP). The highest binding capacity was observed for cMIP-Is (27.298 mg g ) for high concentrations (500 mg L ). However, the isomannide homologue cMIP-Im showed higher recovery-up to 65% and capacity for low concentrations (15 mg L ). The experimental data were properly fitted by the Freundlich adsorption isothermal model.
Topics: Methyltestosterone; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Molecular Imprinting; Molecular Structure; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; Polymers; Solid Phase Extraction; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Spectrum Analysis, Raman; Stereoisomerism
PubMed: 27885729
DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2594 -
Journal of Hazardous Materials Jun 201217α-Methyltestosterone (MT), a synthetic anabolic androgenic steroid, is widely used in aquafarming for the production of an all male fish population such as Nile...
17α-Methyltestosterone (MT), a synthetic anabolic androgenic steroid, is widely used in aquafarming for the production of an all male fish population such as Nile tilapia. This study isolated, identified and characterized MT-degrading bacteria in the sediment and water from a masculinizing pond of Nile tilapia fry. Based on the phylogeny, physiological properties and cell morphology, the three isolated MT-degrading bacteria were related closely to Rhodococcus equi, Nocardioides aromaticivorans, and Nocardioides nitrophenolicus. Growth of the three isolated strains was found to be inhibited for MT concentrations in the range of 1.0-10mg/L. The inhibition of cell growth was found to be modeled using the Haldane's substrate inhibition model. The kinetic constants ranged from 0.13 to 0.19h(-1) for μ(max), 0.7-24.8mg/L for K(s) and 19.6-76.2mg/L for K(i). Androgenic activity using β-galactosidase assay showed that all strains degraded MT to the products with no androgenic potency.
Topics: Animals; Base Sequence; DNA Primers; Methyltestosterone; Nocardia; Rhodococcus; Tilapia
PubMed: 22541334
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.03.072 -
The Journal of Endocrinology Jan 1967
Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Adult; Aged; Anuria; Breast Neoplasms; Cholangitis; Chromatography; Feces; Female; Fibrosarcoma; Glucuronidase; Humans; Male; Methyltestosterone; Middle Aged; Rectal Neoplasms; Tritium
PubMed: 6019075
DOI: 10.1677/joe.0.0370037 -
Fertility and Sterility Jan 2011This study evaluated safety and efficacy of esterified estrogens and methyltestosterone administered alone or in combination for the treatment of hot flashes in... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Safety and efficacy of low-dose esterified estrogens and methyltestosterone, alone or combined, for the treatment of hot flashes in menopausal women: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
This study evaluated safety and efficacy of esterified estrogens and methyltestosterone administered alone or in combination for the treatment of hot flashes in menopausal women. The 0.30-mg esterified estrogens and 0.30-mg methyltestosterone combination was the lowest effective dose, and our results are consistent with the known safety profile of estrogen and androgen combination products.
Topics: Anabolic Agents; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Combination; Estrogen Replacement Therapy; Estrogens; Estrogens, Esterified (USP); Female; Hot Flashes; Humans; Menopause; Methyltestosterone; Placebos; Severity of Illness Index; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 20850731
DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2010.08.005