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Ginekologia Polska 2019Painful menstruation, premenstrual syndrome and metrorrhagia iuvenilis are one of the most common problems related to the sexual cycle in adolescent girls. Metrorrhagia... (Review)
Review
Painful menstruation, premenstrual syndrome and metrorrhagia iuvenilis are one of the most common problems related to the sexual cycle in adolescent girls. Metrorrhagia iuvenilis is acyclic bleeding that occurs in adolescents and lasts from over 10 days even up to 3 months. These bleeds are very abundant and have a tendency to relapse. They cause anemia, and severe cases can be life-threatening. Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) is a cluster of somatic, emotional and behavioural symptoms occurring in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. The aetiology of PMS remains unknown. According to strict diagnostic criteria, an estimated 2.5-5% of girls and women are affected by PMS. However, some researchers maintain that the symptoms of PMS may be prevalent in as many as 40-80% of girls and women. This article it has been discussed premenstrual syndrome and metrorrhagia iuvenilis and aspects related to dietotherapy were included.
Topics: Adolescent; Blood Coagulation Disorders; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Metrorrhagia; Premenstrual Syndrome
PubMed: 31392713
DOI: 10.5603/GP.2019.0072 -
Revista Da Associacao Medica Brasileira... Jun 2019An isthmocele, a cesarean scar defect or uterine niche, is any indentation representing myometrial discontinuity or a triangular anechoic defect in the anterior uterine... (Review)
Review
An isthmocele, a cesarean scar defect or uterine niche, is any indentation representing myometrial discontinuity or a triangular anechoic defect in the anterior uterine wall, with the base communicating to the uterine cavity, at the site of a previous cesarean section scar. It can be classified as a small or large defect, depending on the wall thickness of the myometrial deficiency. Although usually asymptomatic, its primary symptom is abnormal or postmenstrual bleeding, and chronic pelvic pain may also occur. Infertility, placenta accrete or praevia, scar dehiscence, uterine rupture, and cesarean scar ectopic pregnancy may also appear as complications of this condition. The risk factors of isthmocele proven to date include retroflexed uterus and multiple cesarean sections. Nevertheless, factors such as a lower position of cesarean section, incomplete closure of the hysterotomy, early adhesions of the uterine wall and a genetic predisposition may also contribute to the development of a niche. As there are no definitive criteria for diagnosing an isthmocele, several imaging methods can be used to assess the integrity of the uterine wall and thus diagnose an isthmocele. However, transvaginal ultrasound and saline infusion sonohysterography emerge as specific, sensitive and cost-effective methods to diagnose isthmocele. The treatment includes clinical or surgical management, depending on the size of the defect, the presence of symptoms, the presence of secondary infertility and plans of childbearing. Surgical management includes minimally invasive approaches with sparing techniques such as hysteroscopic, laparoscopic or transvaginal procedures according to the defect size.
Topics: Cesarean Section; Cicatrix; Female; Humans; Hysteroscopy; Metrorrhagia; Risk Factors; Uterine Diseases
PubMed: 31166450
DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.65.5.714 -
The Practitioner Jun 1952
Topics: Female; Humans; Menorrhagia; Metrorrhagia
PubMed: 14948750
DOI: No ID Found -
Obstetrics and Gynecology Jul 2012
Topics: Adenomyosis; Adolescent; Adult; Evidence-Based Medicine; Female; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Metrorrhagia; Middle Aged; Ultrasonography; Young Adult
PubMed: 22914421
DOI: 10.1097/AOG.0b013e318262e320 -
Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent... Feb 1996To determine the clinical characteristics of pubertal metrorrhagia and its treatment, depending on severity; to evaluate the frequency of etiologies and the influence of...
OBJECTIVE
To determine the clinical characteristics of pubertal metrorrhagia and its treatment, depending on severity; to evaluate the frequency of etiologies and the influence of hemostatic abnormalities; and to describe severe pubertal metrorrhagia. Design, setting and participants. This retrospective study examined all the files (n = 105) of adolescents presenting for pediatric gynecology consultation at a children's hospital between January 1979 and June 1993.
RESULTS
The mean age of patients at the first consultation was 13 years. Metrorrhagia began in the year after the first menstrual period in 85% of cases. The causes were functional (83 cases), primary hemostatic disorder (14 cases), hemostatic disorder secondary to renal or hepatic disease (7 cases), or tumor (1 case). The cases were assigned to one of three groups, according to the severity of anemia; group I, mild anemia, hemoglobin Hb > 11 g%, 64 cases; group II, moderate anemia, Hb 8-11 g%, 23 cases; and group III, severe anemia, Hb < 8 g%, 18 cases. Of the 14 patients suffering from primary hemostatic disorders, 7 had been diagnosed before the onset of metrorrhagia; the disorder was revealed by the metrorrhagia in the remaining 7. Only 1 of these patients was severely anemic (known factor X deficiency). Four patients suffering from moderate von Willebrand's disease were discovered after specific tests; they were mildly or moderately anemic. The severe anemias (group III) all occurred during the first three periods. This group had functional disorders in 15 of 18 cases. Treatment continued to be required in 10 of 18 cases followed for more than 3 years. Treatment was progestin for group I and II patients or an estroprogestin, followed by a progestin, for group III. Curettage was never required.
CONCLUSIONS
The most common cause of pubertal metrorrhagia is a functional disorder (80% of cases). Hemostatic disorders likely to cause severe menstrual hemorrhage were known before the age of menarche; these disorders must be controlled by hormone treatment begun before or at the time of the first menstrual period. Severe forms that arise during the initial three menstrual cycles are functional in most cases. These should be given a course of treatment lasting several years. There is a high risk of recurrence. Treatment is medical and hormonal in all cases.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Female; Humans; Metrorrhagia; Puberty; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 9551371
DOI: 10.1016/s1083-3188(96)70005-0 -
Annales de Pediatrie Mar 1984
Review
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Estrogens; Female; Humans; Menorrhagia; Metrorrhagia; Progestins
PubMed: 6372618
DOI: No ID Found -
La Revue Du Praticien Apr 2014Menometrorrhagia is a frequent cause of medical consulting. After exclusion of pregnancy, main aetiologies are the uterine (polyp, myoma, adenomyosis, cancer) or...
Menometrorrhagia is a frequent cause of medical consulting. After exclusion of pregnancy, main aetiologies are the uterine (polyp, myoma, adenomyosis, cancer) or adnexial abnormality (ovarian cyst or cancer), the disorders of hemostasis (Willebrand...), the dysfunctional uterine bleeding. A clinical examination is necessary to provide an accurate diagnosis and find complications such as anaemia. Pelvic ultrasound examination and endometrial biopsy are required to eliminate endometrial cancer. The treatment of menometrorrhagia consists of symptomatic treatment (tranexamic acid, levonorgestrel intrauterine device) and specific treatment of its cause (hysteroscopic resection of myom, polyp, endometrectomy, hysterectomy).
Topics: Biopsy; Decision Trees; Endometrium; Female; Genitalia, Female; Humans; Menorrhagia; Metrorrhagia; Severity of Illness Index; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 24855791
DOI: No ID Found -
Revue Medicale de La Suisse Romande Apr 1976
Topics: Female; Humans; Metrorrhagia
PubMed: 1006001
DOI: No ID Found -
Soins. Gynecologie, Obstetrique,... May 1986
Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Hematuria; Humans; Menorrhagia; Metrorrhagia
PubMed: 3641414
DOI: No ID Found -
Sanfujinka No Jissai. Practice of... Aug 1969
Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Genital Diseases, Female; Humans; Metrorrhagia
PubMed: 5394716
DOI: No ID Found