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Journal of the National Medical... Jul 1956
Topics: Female; Humans; Menorrhagia; Metrorrhagia; Uterine Hemorrhage
PubMed: 13346351
DOI: No ID Found -
Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology Mar 1958
Topics: Endocrine Glands; Female; Humans; Menorrhagia; Metrorrhagia
PubMed: 13573664
DOI: 10.1097/00003081-195803000-00015 -
Srpski Arhiv Za Celokupno Lekarstvo Jan 1966
Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Metrorrhagia; Neurocognitive Disorders; Psychophysiologic Disorders; Psychotherapy
PubMed: 5984641
DOI: No ID Found -
Primary Care Jun 2006DUB is extremely common in young adolescents, and can be regarded asa part of normal physiologic development. It is essential to have a firm grasp on normal physiologic... (Review)
Review
DUB is extremely common in young adolescents, and can be regarded asa part of normal physiologic development. It is essential to have a firm grasp on normal physiologic development of the menstrual cycle to recognize the normal menstrual patterns of adolescents and to manage abnormal patterns that may develop. Specific management depends on the underlying cause, presence and extent of any existing anemia, and duration of the irregular menstrual pattern.
Topics: Adolescent; Adolescent Medicine; Female; Humans; Menstruation; Metrorrhagia
PubMed: 16713772
DOI: 10.1016/j.pop.2006.02.005 -
International Journal of Gynaecology... Mar 2011To review the literature for economic and health-related quality of life outcomes data associated with the use of the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
To review the literature for economic and health-related quality of life outcomes data associated with the use of the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) in the management of heavy menstrual bleeding.
METHODS
We searched the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases simultaneously using the Ovid interface to review the literature in a systematic manner for economic and health-related quality of life outcomes data associated with the use of the LNG-IUS in women with heavy menstrual bleeding. Articles were then selected for further review based on the relevance of their titles and/or abstracts. We identified 17 articles for inclusion in this review.
RESULTS
Treating heavy menstrual bleeding with the LNG-IUS was found to be cost-effective in various countries and settings. Moreover, irrespective of the measuring instrument used, health-related quality-of-life outcomes were found to be improved to a degree similar to that achieved with endometrial ablation or hysterectomy. In some cases, the LNG-IUS appeared to be more effective and less costly than the surgical options.
CONCLUSION
The LNG-IUS is a cost-effective treatment option for heavy menstrual bleeding when pharmacologic treatment is indicated.
Topics: Contraceptive Agents, Female; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Female; Humans; Hysterectomy; Intrauterine Devices, Medicated; Levonorgestrel; Metrorrhagia; Quality of Life; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 21269626
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2010.08.025 -
Soins. Gynecologie, Obstetrique,... 1991
Topics: Adult; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Metrorrhagia; Placenta Previa; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 1824474
DOI: No ID Found -
Contraception May 2013Bleeding irregularities, such as intermenstrual spotting or heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding, are common among copper-containing intrauterine device (Cu-IUD) users... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Bleeding irregularities, such as intermenstrual spotting or heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding, are common among copper-containing intrauterine device (Cu-IUD) users and are one of the leading reasons for method discontinuation. This review evaluates the evidence for effective therapeutic and preventive treatments for bleeding irregularities during Cu-IUD use.
STUDY DESIGN
We searched the PubMed database for peer-reviewed articles that were published in any language from inception of the database through March 2012 and were relevant to treatments for irregular bleeding during Cu-IUD use. We used standard abstract forms and grading systems to summarize and assess the quality of the evidence.
RESULTS
From 1470 articles, we identified 17 articles that met our inclusion criteria. Evidence from two studies of poor quality demonstrated that antifibrinolytic agents or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been used for intermenstrual bleeding or spotting among a small number of Cu-IUD users with mixed results. Evidence from 10 studies of fair to poor quality suggested that some NSAIDs may significantly reduce menstrual blood loss or bleeding duration among Cu-IUD users with heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding. Antifibrinolytic drugs or antidiuretics may also help reduce blood loss. High-dose aspirin was shown to increase blood loss among those with baseline menorrhagia. Evidence from five studies of fair to poor quality suggested that bleeding irregularities among new Cu-IUD users may be prevented with NSAIDs, although one large study of good quality suggested that prophylactic treatment with ibuprofen does not affect continuation of Cu-IUD use. Evidence from two studies of fair to poor quality suggested that antifibrinolytic agents might be helpful in preventing heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding among new Cu-IUD users.
CONCLUSIONS
Limited evidence suggests that NSAIDs may be effective treatments for bleeding irregularities associated with Cu-IUD use; antifibrinolytic agents and antidiuretics have also been studied as possible treatments in a small number of subjects, but their safety has not been well documented. NSAIDs and antifibrinolytics may also prevent bleeding irregularities among new CU-IUD users. Preventive NSAID use, however, does not impact Cu-IUD continuation.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antifibrinolytic Agents; Female; Humans; Intrauterine Devices, Copper; Menorrhagia; Metrorrhagia
PubMed: 23199413
DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2012.09.006 -
Emergency Medicine Clinics of North... Feb 2010The focus of this article is first-trimester bleeding. Vaginal bleeding during the first 3 months of pregnancy is a common event. It is important that the emergency...
The focus of this article is first-trimester bleeding. Vaginal bleeding during the first 3 months of pregnancy is a common event. It is important that the emergency physicians recognize patients with vaginal bleeding who may have an adverse outcome if misdiagnosed or not treated appropriately in the emergency department. Causes of first-trimester vaginal bleeding include implantation bleeding, spontaneous abortions, ectopic pregnancy, and lesions involving the female reproductive system and perineal area infections.
Topics: Abortion, Spontaneous; Emergency Service, Hospital; Female; Humans; Metrorrhagia; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular; Pregnancy Trimester, First; Pregnancy, Ectopic; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 19945608
DOI: 10.1016/j.emc.2009.10.005 -
Maturitas May 2007Postmenopausal women using continuous combined estrogen/progestin therapy (ccEPT) are likely to have irregular bleeding or spotting. The use of estrogen with 12-14 days... (Review)
Review
Postmenopausal women using continuous combined estrogen/progestin therapy (ccEPT) are likely to have irregular bleeding or spotting. The use of estrogen with 12-14 days of a progestin is called cyclic (scEPT). This method results in regular endometrial bleeding at a scheduled time. The mechanism(s) involved in this regimen that result in bleeding could be similar to a spontaneous menstrual bleeding episode in a menachal woman, but there are no data in this regard. This aspect of regular scheduled bleeding in postmenopausal women will not be addressed in this article due to the paucity of information. The effect of cyclic progestogen with continuous estrogen on the endometrium could result in similar local mechanisms for endometrial bleeding as seen wth ccEPT. The mechanism(s) involved in endometrial bleeding is unknown. Several reports have highlighted a number of potential pathophysiologic mechanisms. Most of the investigation into the mechanisms involved in endometrial bleeding has been in women using progestin only contraceptive methods not ccEPT. The use of ccEPT could be construed as similar but not identical to that of a continuous progestin only contraceptive since the progestin in ccEPT is delivered daily. The potential mechanism(s) involved in endometrial bleeding includes the following: changes in the ratio of vascular endothelial growth factor to Thrombospondin-1 (pro- versus anti-angiogenic factors); alterations in metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP); changes in tissue factor a known haemostasis mediator in the endometrium; and increased endometrial leukocytes with a particular emphasis on uterine natural killer (uNK) cells. Each of these potential causes has been the subject of both in vivo and in vitro investigations. There is no clear linkage between any of these hypotheses and the onset or cessation of uterine bleeding in ccEPT users. No good therapeutic option to control the bleeding or spotting exists at this time. Evaluation and monitoring of the patient regarding endometrial safety is of paramount importance.
Topics: Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endometrium; Estrogen Replacement Therapy; Female; Humans; Metrorrhagia; Postmenopause; Progestins
PubMed: 17412535
DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2007.02.022 -
Bulletin de La Federation Des Societes... 1965
Topics: Adult; Contraceptive Devices; Female; Humans; Metrorrhagia
PubMed: 5866429
DOI: No ID Found