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Frontiers in Microbiology 2022is a globally distributed pathogenic yeast with a wide range of aquatic hosts. A new strain, LNES0119, isolated from the Chinese mitten crab , has caused a serious...
is a globally distributed pathogenic yeast with a wide range of aquatic hosts. A new strain, LNES0119, isolated from the Chinese mitten crab , has caused a serious reduction in production and marked economic loss for the aquaculture industry in China. Therefore, the whole-genome sequence of LNES0119 was sequenced using Illumina and Oxford Nanopore technology; whole-genome annotation and comparative genomic analyses of this pathogen were performed as well. A high-quality genome of LNES0119 was 16.13 Mb in size, with six scaffolds and six contigs, and encoded 5,567 putative predicted genes. Of these, 1,467 genes shared substantial homology with genes in the pathogen-host interactions database. Comparative genomic analyses of three strains and one non-pathogenic yeast, aff. , showed 331 unique genes in LNES0119, 30 of which were putatively related to pathogenicity. Overall, we identified several meaningful characteristics related to pathogenicity and virulence that may play essential roles in the infection and pathogenicity of LNES0119. Our study will aid in identifying potential targets for further exploration of the molecular basis of the pathogenicity of as well as the therapeutic intervention of infection.
PubMed: 35770163
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.939141 -
Foods (Basel, Switzerland) Sep 2023The aim of this work was to evaluate the efficacy of two antagonistic yeasts, strain MPR3 and strain NRRL Y-27328 (commercial product NOLI), applied in addition to the...
The aim of this work was to evaluate the efficacy of two antagonistic yeasts, strain MPR3 and strain NRRL Y-27328 (commercial product NOLI), applied in addition to the "on-farm biological treatments" (BIO) carried out during the production season, for the containment of powdery mildew and grey mould diseases on organic table grapes 'Italia'. The yeast strains were applied in the field three times, and their efficacy was evaluated during the production season and under postharvest conditions. Overall, MPR3 combined with BIO treatments reduced disease incidence caused by and disease incidence and severity caused by with values between 67.8% and 86.2%, showing higher efficacy than BIO treatments applied alone and in combination with NOLI. Field treatments based on BIO+MPR3 maintained their performance also during fruit storage, protecting grape berries from grey mould development to a greater extent than the other treatments (disease reduction of about 98%). Thus, the presence of MPR3 seems to improve disease management both in the field and in postharvest environments, without negative impacts on grape microbial communities. These findings highlight the potential of MPR3 as a promising alternative strategy for disease control in organic vineyards and in postharvest, providing sustainable solutions to improve food quality and safety.
PubMed: 37761216
DOI: 10.3390/foods12183508 -
Yeast (Chichester, England) Mar 2017Wine is a complex beverage, comprising thousands of metabolites that are produced through the action of a plethora of yeasts and bacteria during fermentation of grape... (Review)
Review
Wine is a complex beverage, comprising thousands of metabolites that are produced through the action of a plethora of yeasts and bacteria during fermentation of grape must. These microbial communities originate in the vineyard and the winery and reflect the influence of several factors including grape variety, geographical location, climate, vineyard spraying, technological practices, processing stage and season (pre-harvest, harvest, post-harvest). Vineyard and winery microbial communities have the potential to participate during fermentation and influence wine flavour and aroma. Therefore, there is an enormous interest in isolating and characterising these communities, particularly non-Saccharomyces yeast species to increase wine flavour diversity, while also exploting regional signature microbial populations to enhance regionality. In this review we describe the role and relevance of the main non-Saccharomyces yeast species found in vineyards and wineries. This includes the latest reports covering the application of these species for winemaking; and the biotechnological characteristics and potential applications of non-Saccharomyces species in other areas. In particular, we focus attention on the species for which molecular and genomic tools and resources are available for study. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Topics: Brettanomyces; Farms; Fermentation; Hanseniaspora; Metschnikowia; Pichia; Rhodotorula; Torulaspora; Vitis; Wine; Yeasts; Zygosaccharomyces
PubMed: 27813152
DOI: 10.1002/yea.3219 -
Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology Jul 2022-Arabitol is an important functional sugar alcohol, which can be used in the preparation of foods, chemicals, and medicines. Despite biological production of -arabitol...
-Arabitol is an important functional sugar alcohol, which can be used in the preparation of foods, chemicals, and medicines. Despite biological production of -arabitol from low-cost substrates has recently been the focus of research, low yield of this technology has limited its large-scale exploitation. Optimization of this bioprocess could be a promising option to improve the yield of -arabitol. In this study, one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) strategy and Box-Behnken design (BBD) were used to increase -arabitol production by Metschnikowia reukaufii CICC 31,858 through optimizing the fermentation conditions and medium composition. The OFAT optimization provided the optimal conditions for temperature, agitation speed, and fermentation time of 30℃, 220 rpm, and 6 days, respectively. Likewise, the optimum concentrations of peptone, ammonium sulfate, KHPO, MgSO·7HO, and fumaric acid in the fermentation medium were (g/L) 7.5, 1, 2, 0.5, and 7.5, respectively. Under these optimum conditions, 80.43 g/L of -arabitol was produced from 200 g/L of glucose, with a productivity of 0.56 g/L/h. The BBD optimization with three important components of fermentation medium (KHPO, MgSO·7HO, and fumaric acid) showed that the predicted titer of -arabitol varied from 47.21 to 89.27 g/L, and the actual titer of -arabitol ranged from 47.36 to 89.83 g/L. The optimum concentrations (g/L) of KHPO, MgSO·7HO, and fumaric acid in the fermentation medium were found to be 1.0, 0.5, and 4.7 g/L, respectively. Under the optimum conditions, 92.45 g/L of -arabitol was finally produced with the yield and productivity of 0.46 g/g and 0.64 g/L/h, respectively.
Topics: Culture Media; Fermentation; Glucose; Metschnikowia; Sugar Alcohols
PubMed: 35347674
DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-03910-y -
Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek Feb 2005Two yeast strains, producing needle-shaped ascospores under suitable conditions, were isolated from grapes grown in Hungary. Based on these two strains, Metschnikowia...
Two yeast strains, producing needle-shaped ascospores under suitable conditions, were isolated from grapes grown in Hungary. Based on these two strains, Metschnikowia viticola (type strain NCAIM Y.01705, CBS 9950, JCM 12561) is proposed as a new yeast species. Considering its phenotypic features, the restriction fragment patterns of 18S rDNA and the sequence of the D1/D2 domain of 26S rDNA, the proposed new species is closely related to Candida kofuensis.
Topics: Candida; DNA Fingerprinting; DNA, Fungal; DNA, Ribosomal; Genes, rRNA; Hungary; Molecular Sequence Data; Mycological Typing Techniques; Phylogeny; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; RNA, Fungal; RNA, Ribosomal; RNA, Ribosomal, 18S; Saccharomycetales; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Vitis
PubMed: 15723177
DOI: 10.1007/s10482-004-2842-6 -
Current Microbiology May 2024Postharvest fungal diseases cause serious fruit losses and food safety issues worldwide. The trend in preventing food loss and waste has shifted to environmentally...
Postharvest fungal diseases cause serious fruit losses and food safety issues worldwide. The trend in preventing food loss and waste has shifted to environmentally friendly and sustainable methods, such as biological control. Penicillium expansum is a common postharvest contaminant fungus that causes blue mould disease and patulin formation on apples. This study aimed to provide biocontrol using Metschnikowia pulcherrima isolates against P. expansum, and to understand their antagonistic action mechanisms. In vitro, 38.77-51.69% of mycelial growth inhibition of P. expansum was achieved by M. pulcherrima isolates with the dual culture assay, while this rate was 69.45-84.89% in the disc diffusion assay. The disease symptoms of P. expansum on wounds were reduced by M. pulcherrima, on Amasya apples. The lesion diameter, 41.84 mm after 12 d of incubation in control, was measured as 24.14 mm when treated with the most effective M. pulcherrima DN-MP in vivo. Although the antagonistic mechanisms of M. pulcherrima isolates were similar, there was a difference between their activities. In general, DN-HS and DN-MP isolates were found to be more effective. In light of all these results, it can be said that M. pulcherrima isolates used in the study have an antagonistic effect against the growth of P. expansum both in vitro and in vivo in Amasya apples, therefore, when the appropriate formulation is provided, they can be used as an alternative biocontrol agent to chemical fungicides in the prevention of postharvest diseases.
Topics: Penicillium; Malus; Plant Diseases; Antibiosis; Metschnikowia; Fruit; Biological Control Agents
PubMed: 38761223
DOI: 10.1007/s00284-024-03700-1 -
Bacteriologia, Virusologia,... 2007
Review
Topics: Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis; Antifungal Agents; Humans; Metschnikowia; Pest Control, Biological; Plant Diseases; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Polymorphism, Genetic; RNA, Ribosomal; RNA, Ribosomal, 18S; Saccharomycetales
PubMed: 19326726
DOI: No ID Found -
Microorganisms Apr 2023A broad variety of microorganisms with useful characteristics in the field of biotechnology live on the surface of grapes; one of these microorganisms is . This yeast...
A broad variety of microorganisms with useful characteristics in the field of biotechnology live on the surface of grapes; one of these microorganisms is . This yeast secretes a β-glucosidase that can be used in fermentative processes to liberate aromatic compounds. In this work, the synthesis of an exocellular β-glucosidase has been demonstrated and the optimal conditions to maximize the enzyme's effectiveness were determined. There was a maximum enzymatic activity at 28 °C and pH 4.5. Furthermore, the enzyme presents a great glucose and fructose tolerance, and to a lesser extent, ethanol tolerance. In addition, its activity was stimulated by calcium ions and low concentrations of ethanol and methanol. The impact of terpene content in wine was also determined. Because of these characteristics, β-glucosidase is a good candidate for use in enology.
PubMed: 37110387
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11040964 -
BMC Microbiology Apr 2023Metschnikowia bicuspidata is a pathogenic yesst that can cause disease in many different economic aquatic animal species. In recent years, there was a new disease...
BACKGROUND
Metschnikowia bicuspidata is a pathogenic yesst that can cause disease in many different economic aquatic animal species. In recent years, there was a new disease outbreak in ridgetail white prawn (Exopalaemon carinicauda) in coastal areas of Jiangsu Province China that was referred to as zombie disease by local farmers. The pathogen was first isolated and identified as M. bicuspidata. Although the pathogenicity and pathogenesis of this pathogen in other animals have been reported in some previous studies, research on its molecular mechanisms is still very limited. Therefore, a genome-wide study is necessary to better understand the physiological and pathogenic mechanisms of M. bicuspidata.
RESULT
In this study, we obtained a pathogenic strain, MQ2101, of M. bicuspidata from diseased E. carinicauda and sequenced its whole genome. The size of the whole genome was 15.98 Mb, and it was assembled into 5 scaffolds. The genome contained 3934 coding genes, among which 3899 genes with biological functions were annotated in multiple underlying databases. In KOG database, 2627 genes were annotated, which were categorized into 25 classes including general function prediction only, posttranslational modification, protein turnover, chaperones, and signal transduction mechanisms. In KEGG database, 2493 genes were annotated, which were categorized into five classes, including cellular processes, environmental information processing, genetic information processing, metabolism and organismal systems. In GO database, 2893 genes were annotated, which were mainly classified in cell, cell part, cellular processes and metabolic processes. There were 1055 genes annotated in the PHI database, accounting for 26.81% of the total genome, among which 5 genes were directly related to pathogenicity (identity ≥ 50%), including hsp90, PacC, and PHO84. There were also some genes related to the activity of the yeast itself that could be targeted by antiyeast drugs. Analysis based on the DFVF database showed that strain MQ2101 contained 235 potential virulence genes. BLAST searches in the CAZy database showed that strain MQ2101 may have a more complex carbohydrate metabolism system than other yeasts of the same family. In addition, two gene clusters and 168 putative secretory proteins were predicted in strain MQ2101, and functional analysis showed that some of the secretory proteins may be directly involved in the pathogenesis of the strain. Gene family analysis with five other yeasts revealed that strain MQ2101 has 245 unique gene families, including 274 genes involved in pathogenicity that could serve as potential targets.
CONCLUSION
Genome-wide analysis elucidated the pathogenicity-associated genes of M. bicuspidate while also revealing a complex metabolic mechanism and providing putative targets of action for the development of antiyeast drugs for this pathogen. The obtained whole-genome sequencing data provide an important theoretical basis for transcriptomic, proteomic and metabolic studies of M. bicuspidata and lay a foundation for defining its specific mechanism of host infestation.
Topics: Animals; Proteomics; Genome-Wide Association Study; Base Sequence; Gene Expression Profiling; Phylogeny
PubMed: 37120526
DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-02865-2 -
International Journal of Systematic and... Sep 2001A novel ascomycetous yeast was isolated from flowers of Lilium sp. and Ipomoea sp. in Korea. The name Metschnikowia koreensis sp. nov. (type strain SG99-34T = CBS 8854T...
A novel ascomycetous yeast was isolated from flowers of Lilium sp. and Ipomoea sp. in Korea. The name Metschnikowia koreensis sp. nov. (type strain SG99-34T = CBS 8854T = KCTC 7998T) is proposed for this novel species based on comparative sequence analyses of the D1/D2 domain of 26S rDNA and phenotypic characteristics.
Topics: DNA, Ribosomal; Ipomoea; Korea; Lilium; Microscopy, Electron; Molecular Sequence Data; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal; Saccharomycetales; Sequence Analysis, DNA
PubMed: 11594627
DOI: 10.1099/00207713-51-5-1927