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ACS Chemical Neuroscience Jun 2020Migraine and stroke are common, disabling neurological conditions with several theories being proposed to explain this bidirectional relationship. Migraine is considered...
Migraine and stroke are common, disabling neurological conditions with several theories being proposed to explain this bidirectional relationship. Migraine is considered as a benign neurological disorder, but research has revealed a connection between migraine and stroke, predominantly those having migraine with aura (MA). Among migraineurs, females with MA are more susceptible to ischemic stroke and may have a migrainous infarction. Migrainous infarction mostly occurs in the posterior circulation of young women. Although there are several theories about the potential relationship between MA and stroke, the precise pathological process of migrainous infarction is not clear. It is assumed that cortical spreading depression (CSD) might be one of the essential factors for migrainous infarction. Other factors that may contribute to migrainous infarction may be genetic, hormonal fluctuation, hypercoagulation, and right to left cardiac shunts. Antimigraine drugs, such as ergot alkaloids and triptans, are widely used in migraine care. Still, they have been found to cause severe vasoconstriction, which may result in the development of ischemia. It is reported that patients with stroke develop migraines during the recovery phase. Both experimental and clinical data suggest that cerebral microembolism can act as a potential trigger for MA. Further studies are warranted for the treatment of migraine, which may lead to a decline in migraine-related stroke. In this present article, we have outlined various potential pathways that link migraine and stroke.
Topics: Brain Ischemia; Female; Humans; Ischemic Stroke; Migraine Disorders; Migraine with Aura; Stroke
PubMed: 32348103
DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00137 -
Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery Oct 2021Fasting is known as a trigger for migraines. Muslims fast 1 month every luminal year. We aimed to study the impact of The Holy month of Ramadan on migraine headaches.
BACKGROUND
Fasting is known as a trigger for migraines. Muslims fast 1 month every luminal year. We aimed to study the impact of The Holy month of Ramadan on migraine headaches.
METHODS
This retrospective study included patients diagnosed with migraines according to The International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition (ICDH-3). Both genders, aged between 18 and 65 years were included. The impact of Ramadan fasting and changing habits during the month of Ramadan was studied. The frequency and the severity of migraine attacks, and the number of analgesic days during Ramadan were compared to those during Shaban, the immediately preceding month to Ramadan. The number of breaking fasting due to migraines was reported.
RESULTS
This study identified 293 with migraine with mean age and mean disease duration 37.09 ± 9.36, 12.34 ± 9.27 years respectively. Most of them were females (89.1%). Most of our cohort had changed sleep and food habits during Ramadan (93.2%). The majority of them were dehydrated (89.8%). Most of the patients completed fasting the whole month of Ramadan. A minority (1.7) could not tolerate fasting the whole Ramadan due to intolerable migraine headaches and 36.5% broke their fasting for some days during Ramadan. Most of our cohort (82.3%) continue on the same management plan for migraines during Ramadan. During the month of Ramadan, the patients had a significant increase in migraine days of 10.42 ± 7.98 compared with 6.90 ± 6.55 migraine days during the previous month (p < 0.001). Also, days of analgesic use (11.32 ± 10.46 versus 6.11 ± 6.69; P < 0.001) and migraine severity (7.46 ± 2.39 versus 6.84 ± 2.25; P < 0.001) were significantly increased during Ramadan compared with Shaban. In multivariate analysis, change in sleep and feeding habits together with non-modification of the treatment plan before Ramadan significantly predict breaking fasting due to worsening of migraine headache (p value = 0.041, p value = 0.025; respectively). The majority of our cohort (75.4%) reported that migraines interfered with their daily activities due to fasting during Ramadan.
CONCLUSION
Change in sleep and food habits along with dehydration make Migraine frequency and severity worse during Ramadan fasting. Physicians should educate migraine patients who fast to manage their headaches and habits before starting fasting.
Topics: Adult; Fasting; Female; Humans; Islam; Male; Middle Aged; Migraine Disorders; Patient Acuity
PubMed: 34464831
DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2021.106899 -
Mayo Clinic Proceedings Aug 2006Migraine is a common disorder in women. The 1-year prevalence of migraine is 18% in women compared with 6% in men. Migraine most commonly occurs during the reproductive... (Review)
Review
Migraine is a common disorder in women. The 1-year prevalence of migraine is 18% in women compared with 6% in men. Migraine most commonly occurs during the reproductive years, affecting 27% of women 30 to 49 years of age. The predominance of this disorder and its social, functional, and economic consequences make migraine an important issue in women's health. The hormonal milieu has a substantial effect on migraine in women. An understanding of these hormonal influences in the various stages of life in females is essential to the management and prevention of migraines. This article reviews migraine prevention strategies with an emphasis on specific therapies for each stage of a woman's life.
Topics: Disease Progression; Female; Humans; Migraine Disorders; Prevalence; United States; Women's Health
PubMed: 16901031
DOI: 10.4065/81.8.1086 -
Current Pain and Headache Reports Apr 2001Of the nearly 20 million American women suffering with migraine, approximately 12 million experience a worsening of their migraines in association with their menstrual... (Review)
Review
Of the nearly 20 million American women suffering with migraine, approximately 12 million experience a worsening of their migraines in association with their menstrual cycle. Prior to puberty the prevalence of migraine is slightly higher in boys; however, after puberty there is an emerging female predominance. Estrogen likely plays an important role in explaining this gender difference; however, hormones unlikely explain the entire epidemiologic variation. This article reviews the diagnosis and treatment options for menstrually associated migraine.
Topics: Analgesics; Female; Humans; Menstrual Cycle; Migraine Disorders
PubMed: 11252155
DOI: 10.1007/s11916-001-0089-8 -
Neurological Sciences : Official... May 2008Migraines carry a substantial genetic liability, and in families affected with the typical migraines (migraine with, MA, and without aura, MO) linkage to some... (Review)
Review
Migraines carry a substantial genetic liability, and in families affected with the typical migraines (migraine with, MA, and without aura, MO) linkage to some chromosomal loci has been reported. As yet however, no genes are known for MA/MO, while the three genes discovered as responsible for familial hemiplegic migraine (FHM) are not involved in the typical migraines. Accordingly, we propose to consider FHM as a syndromic migraine and not as a variety of MA. Moreover, we suggest that epigenetic mechanisms play a role in the determination of the typical migraines, and that the primary headaches represent behavioural responses (sickness behaviour, fight-or-flight responses), having adaptive advantage and having been evolutionary conserved, in which pain represents a signal of homeostatic imbalance. Epigenetic mechanisms and this proposed genetic behavioural model could be usefully incorporated into headache genetic research.
Topics: Family Health; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Humans; Migraine Disorders
PubMed: 18545896
DOI: 10.1007/s10072-008-0886-5 -
Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 2013Migraines and other primary headache disorders commonly affect people. There is evidence to suggest that migraines can occur in dogs. In this review, we present a dog... (Review)
Review
Migraines and other primary headache disorders commonly affect people. There is evidence to suggest that migraines can occur in dogs. In this review, we present a dog with paroxysmal episodes that have a striking resemblance to human migraine, and we give an overview of migraine in people. The current classification, clinical signs, and diagnosis in people are discussed, as well as the anatomy of head pain, pathophysiology, pharmacology, and treatment options.
Topics: Animals; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Humans; Migraine Disorders; Pain
PubMed: 24033420
DOI: 10.1111/jvim.12167 -
Alternative Medicine Review : a Journal... Apr 1999Migraine headaches are an increasingly common health problem with a wide range of potential etiological factors. Stress, food allergies, neuroendocrine imbalances and... (Review)
Review
Migraine headaches are an increasingly common health problem with a wide range of potential etiological factors. Stress, food allergies, neuroendocrine imbalances and nutritional deficiencies all may contribute to migraine attacks. Many nutritional and botanical therapies aim to reduce migraine incidence by decreasing platelet aggregation and preventing the release of vasoactive neurotransmitters, and avoiding triggering foods. This article reviews much of the research on nutritional, botanical, dietary, and other alternative approaches to the treatment and prevention of migraines.
Topics: Complementary Therapies; Diet; Humans; Migraine Disorders; Phytotherapy
PubMed: 10231608
DOI: No ID Found -
Current Pain and Headache Reports Jun 2004Menstrual migraine is commonly encountered in women who are experiencing attacks of migraine without aura. It remains controversial whether attacks of menstrually... (Review)
Review
Menstrual migraine is commonly encountered in women who are experiencing attacks of migraine without aura. It remains controversial whether attacks of menstrually associated migraine are more severe and have a longer duration than non-menstrually associated attacks. The pathogenesis of menstrual migraine is not understood completely, but it may be related to estrogen withdrawal or prostaglandin release. Preventative therapies may be considered in those who have failed abortive medications or have attacks lasting longer than 2 days. They can be administered short-term during the perimenstrual time period or continuously throughout the menstrual cycle. Short-term prophylactics should be tried first because menstrual migraines generally last for 1 to 4 days only. Continuous prophylactics may be considered in those with attacks refractory to short-term therapies.
Topics: Estradiol; Female; Humans; Menstruation; Migraine Disorders; Progesterone
PubMed: 15115643
DOI: 10.1007/s11916-004-0057-1 -
Neurological Sciences : Official... Oct 2004Recent advances in the studies of the genetic liability to migraine include the discovery of two genes responsible for familial hemiplegic migraine (FHM) and the... (Review)
Review
Recent advances in the studies of the genetic liability to migraine include the discovery of two genes responsible for familial hemiplegic migraine (FHM) and the analysis of several sites of linkage or genetic association for the so-called typical migraines, e. g., migraine with (MA) and without aura (MO). The 2 genes implicated in the genetics of FHM are CACNA1A for FHM1 and ATP1A2 for FHM2. It is still unclear how dysfunction in these genes may trigger attacks of migraine with hemiplegic features and, in at least part of the families with FHM, also paroxysmal or progressive ataxia and epileptic seizures. It appears that mutations in CACNA1A responsible for FHM1 alter calcium influx and calcium currents in neurons, possible factors of spreading depression like events. On the other hand, abnormal regulation of intracellular calcium concentrations could alter neurotransmitter release and other cellular functions. In the case of ATP1A2 mutations, haplo-insufficiency of the gene has been hypothesised to result in abnormal potassium level regulation because of faulty Na/K exchange with subsequent depolarisation and increased liability to spreading depression, or/and in abnormal calcium levels because of the concomitant activation of the Na/Ca exchanger, with a mechanism therefore comparable to that at work in FHM1. Much more work is clearly necessary to elucidate these pathophysiological mechanisms; advances in genetics however may represent important steps in the clarification of the physiopathology of the migraine attack.
Topics: Humans; Migraine Disorders; Migraine with Aura; Migraine without Aura
PubMed: 15549578
DOI: 10.1007/s10072-004-0261-0 -
Current Neurology and Neuroscience... Mar 2006A comprehensive review of the neurotologic manifestations of migraine is presented, focusing on the most recent publications regarding the epidemiology, clinical... (Review)
Review
A comprehensive review of the neurotologic manifestations of migraine is presented, focusing on the most recent publications regarding the epidemiology, clinical presentation, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of migraine-related vertigo (MV). A strong association exists between vertigo and migraine, with MV being the most common cause of spontaneous (nonpositional) episodic vertigo. Symptoms can be quite variable among patients and within individual patients over time, creating a diagnostic challenge. MV generally presents with attacks of spontaneous or positional vertigo lasting seconds to days with associated migrainous symptoms. Operational diagnostic criteria have been proposed but are not included in the most recent International Headache Society classification of migraine. Better elucidation of the neurologic linkages between the central vestibular pathways and migraine-related pathways and the discovery of ion channel defects underlying some causes of familial migraine, ataxia, and vertigo have furthered the understanding of MV pathophysiology. Treatment of MV currently parallels that of migraine headache, as proper studies of optimal MV management are just beginning.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Migraine Disorders; Terminology as Topic; Vertigo
PubMed: 16522263
DOI: 10.1007/s11910-996-0032-9