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Cancer Treatment Reports Nov 1984
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Bleomycin; Cisplatin; Dacarbazine; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Evaluation; Female; Humans; Male; Melanoma; Middle Aged; Mitolactol; Neoplasm Metastasis; Vinblastine
PubMed: 6209008
DOI: No ID Found -
Nowotwory Dec 1978
Topics: Female; Humans; Mitolactol; Palliative Care; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms
PubMed: 83603
DOI: No ID Found -
Phase II study of mitolactol and semustine combination chemotherapy for advanced malignant melanoma.Cancer Treatment Reports Jun 1982Twenty-six patients with disseminated malignant melanoma received an oral regimen of mitolactol and semustine (methyl-CCNU). Sixteen patients had received prior systemic...
Twenty-six patients with disseminated malignant melanoma received an oral regimen of mitolactol and semustine (methyl-CCNU). Sixteen patients had received prior systemic therapy, and 16 had visceral involvement. There were no objective regressions among ten patients receiving the drugs as initial systemic therapy. However, one of 16 patients having prior systemic treatment did have an objective response. Hematologic and gastrointestinal toxic effects were well-tolerated.
Topics: Aged; Drug Evaluation; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Leukocyte Count; Leukopenia; Male; Melanoma; Middle Aged; Mitolactol; Neoplasm Metastasis; Nitrosourea Compounds; Pilot Projects; Platelet Count; Semustine; Skin Neoplasms; Thrombocytopenia
PubMed: 7083244
DOI: No ID Found -
Cancer Treatment Reports Jun 1985
Topics: Adult; Aged; Drug Evaluation; Female; Humans; Male; Melanoma; Middle Aged; Mitolactol; Neoplasm Metastasis; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 4016778
DOI: No ID Found -
Pathology Oncology Research : POR 2000In recent years, there has been a dramatic increase in the number of tumors of the head and neck. Their successful treatment is one of the greatest challenges for... (Review)
Review
In recent years, there has been a dramatic increase in the number of tumors of the head and neck. Their successful treatment is one of the greatest challenges for physicians dealing with oncotherapy. An organic part of the complex therapy is preoperative or postoperative irradiation. Application of this is accompanied by a lower risk of recurrences, and by a higher proportion of cured patients. Unfortunately, irradiation also has a disadvantage: the development of osteoradionecrosis, a special form of osteomyelitis, in some patients (mainly in those cases where irradiation occurs after bone resection or after partial removal of the periosteum). Once the clinical picture of this irradiation complication has developed, its treatment is very difficult. A significant result or complete freedom from complaints can be attained only rarely. Attention must therefore be focussed primarily on prevention, and the oral surgeon, the oncoradiologist and the patient too can all do much to help prevent the occurrence of osteoradionecrosis. Through coupling of an up-to-date, functional surgical attitude with knowledge relating to modern radiology and radiation physics, the way may be opened to forestall this complication that is so difficult to cure.
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Bleomycin; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cisplatin; Combined Modality Therapy; Cutaneous Fistula; Fistula; Humans; Jaw; Jaw Diseases; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Mitolactol; Mouth Neoplasms; Oral Hygiene; Orthognathic Surgical Procedures; Osteoradionecrosis; Osteotomy; Postoperative Complications; Premedication; Radioisotope Teletherapy; Radiotherapy; Scattering, Radiation; Surgery, Plastic; Surgical Flaps; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Tongue Neoplasms; Tooth Diseases; Tooth Extraction; Vincristine; Wound Healing
PubMed: 10749589
DOI: 10.1007/BF03032659 -
Carbohydrate Research Dec 1989
Topics: Calorimetry; Kinetics; Mitolactol; Molecular Structure; Solubility; Solutions
PubMed: 2620304
DOI: 10.1016/0008-6215(89)85030-x -
Nowotwory 1980
Clinical Trial
Topics: Adult; Aged; Clinical Trials as Topic; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mitolactol; Neoplasms; Palliative Care; Salivary Gland Neoplasms; Skin Neoplasms; Tongue Neoplasms; Urogenital Neoplasms
PubMed: 6159601
DOI: No ID Found -
Cancer Feb 1981Three hexitol derivatives, dibromomannitol (DBM), dibromodulcitol (DBD), and dianhydrogalactitol (DAG), originally investigated in Hungary, have been evaluated as... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial Review
Three hexitol derivatives, dibromomannitol (DBM), dibromodulcitol (DBD), and dianhydrogalactitol (DAG), originally investigated in Hungary, have been evaluated as anticancer agents in the United States. Their principal mechanism of action is attributed to alkylation via actual or derived epoxide groups. Their preclinical spectrum includes activity against murine leukemias and against the murine ependymoblastoma, which is particularly noteworthy for DAG. Dibromomannitol trials were targeted to chronic myelogenous leukemia but no advantage over busulfan therapy was demonstrable. Dibromodulcitol and DAG were sequentially evaluated for their usefulness against a wide variety of tumors. The activity of DBD against breast cancer has stimulated several continuing trials in this disease. On the other hand, DAG was disappointing in breast cancer and in several other malignancies, but some activity has been noted against lung cancer. Both DBD and DAG are being investigated for possible usefulness in the management of patients with intracranial neoplasms. The present clinical experience does not allow firm judgment on the advantage of one analogue over another. Such comparative analysis does point out the desirable direction of future studies as well as the limitations of current preclinical systems for the selection of analogues.
Topics: Animals; Clinical Trials as Topic; Dianhydrogalactitol; Dogs; Humans; Kinetics; Mannitol; Mice; Mitobronitol; Mitolactol; Neoplasms; Sugar Alcohols
PubMed: 6784907
DOI: 10.1002/1097-0142(19810201)47:3<442::aid-cncr2820470304>3.0.co;2-1 -
Paediatric Drugs 2006Strategies for the treatment of childhood cancer have changed considerably during the last 50 years and have led to dramatic improvements in long-term survival. Despite... (Review)
Review
Strategies for the treatment of childhood cancer have changed considerably during the last 50 years and have led to dramatic improvements in long-term survival. Despite these accomplishments, CNS tumors remain the leading cause of death in pediatric oncology. Astrocytic tumors form the most common histologic group among childhood brain tumors. They are a heterogeneous group that from a practical therapeutic point of view can be subdivided into low-grade astrocytomas (LGA), optic pathway gliomas (OPG), high-grade astrocytomas (HGA), and brainstem gliomas (BSG). This article focuses on the practical application of treatments that lead to long-term survival, improved quality of life, and reduced long-term complications. Improvement in therapy has led to better outcomes for patients with LGA and OPG. Careful follow-up without any treatment is indicated for a small percentage of patients diagnosed with LGA with an indolent course including children with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). Surgery is the main recommended treatment for children with resectable LGA. Radiation therapy is generally recommended for children with progressive LGA, or after failure of chemotherapy, accomplishing tumor control at 10 years in over 60% of patients. Cytotoxic chemotherapy is usually reserved for children who have had treatment failure with surgery and radiation therapy. It is also offered for children who are too young to be treated with radiation or to defer or avoid radiotherapy. Carboplatin and vincristine achieve 5% complete and 28% partial responses but the use of vincristine is criticized due to poor penetration of the CNS. A regimen of tioguanine, procarbazine, mitolactol, lomustine, and vincristine is frequently administered as an alternative to carboplatin and vincristine in LGA. The introduction of temozolomide has allowed better responses, including a 24% complete response rate compared with 0-5% complete response rates with the previous regimens. OPG are usually histologically LGA, and are treated with similar chemotherapy regimens. OPG is the most common type of brain tumor associated with NF1. Tumor growth in some of these patients is slow with no treatment recommended for an extended period of time. The prognosis for children with the remaining types of astrocytomas remains poor. Surgical resection is typically the first step in the treatment of HGA followed in older children by radiation therapy. The data regarding chemotherapy are mixed. Combination chemotherapy before or after radiation, including cisplatin, carmustine, cyclophosphamide, and vincristine or carboplatin, ifosfamide, cyclophosphamide, and etoposide has provided disappointing results. Clinical trials with temozolomide and agents directed against single targets have not shown substantially better results, but it is hoped that currently conducted studies will provide better outcomes. Diffuse intrinsic BSG are among the most difficult-to-treat brain tumors. Surgical treatment is not recommended for diffuse intrinsic BSG and standard radiation therapy is typically given in children aged >3 years. None of the numerous chemotherapy regimens, including temozolomide, has provided a significant response rate or an improvement in survival. It is expected that newer agents affecting multiple targets such as AEE-788 and antineoplastons, and combinations of single-targeted agents with chemotherapy will provide better results. Careful evaluation of histology, location of the tumor, patient age, and consideration of treatment-related morbidity play an important part in selecting between clinical observation, surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, or investigational agents. The goals of treatment for astrocytic tumors should extend well beyond objective responses and increased survival. Improvement of quality of life is an equally important objective of treatment. Radiation therapy and chemotherapy result in serious late toxicities.
Topics: Astrocytoma; Central Nervous System Neoplasms; Child; Clinical Trials as Topic; Combined Modality Therapy; Humans; Meta-Analysis as Topic
PubMed: 16774296
DOI: 10.2165/00148581-200608030-00003 -
Cancer Chemotherapy and Biological... 1987
Review
Topics: Acetamides; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; Antineoplastic Agents; Flavonoids; Gallium; Humans; Mitolactol; Mitoxantrone; Organoplatinum Compounds; Pentostatin; Quinazolines; Ribavirin; Trimetrexate; Vidarabine Phosphate
PubMed: 2484330
DOI: No ID Found