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Current Molecular Medicine 2020
Topics: Biomarkers; Biomedical Research; Biotechnology; Electrophoresis; History, 21st Century; Humans; Molecular Medicine
PubMed: 33554788
DOI: 10.2174/156652402010210107113827 -
Translational Psychiatry Jun 2017With the advent of post-genomic era, new technologies create extraordinary possibilities for diagnostics and personalized therapy, transforming todays' medicine. Rooted... (Review)
Review
With the advent of post-genomic era, new technologies create extraordinary possibilities for diagnostics and personalized therapy, transforming todays' medicine. Rooted in both medical genetics and clinical psychiatry, the paper is designed as an integrated source of information of the current and potential future application of emerging genomic technologies as diagnostic tools in psychiatry, moving beyond the classical concept of patient approach. Selected approaches are presented, starting from currently used technologies (next-generation sequencing (NGS) and microarrays), followed by newer options (reverse phenotyping). Next, we describe an old concept in a new light (endophenotypes), subsequently coming up with a sophisticated and complex approach (gene networks) ending by a nascent field (computational psychiatry). The challenges and barriers that exist to translate genomic research to real-world patient assessment are further discussed. We emphasize the view that only a paradigm shift can bring a fundamental change in psychiatric practice, allowing to disentangle the intricacies of mental diseases. All the diagnostic methods, as described, are directed at uncovering the integrity of the system including many types of relations within a complex structure. The integrative system approach offers new opportunity to connect genetic background with specific diseases entities, or concurrently, with symptoms regardless of a diagnosis. To advance the field, we propose concerted cross-disciplinary effort to provide a diagnostic platform operating at the general level of genetic pathogenesis of complex-trait psychiatric disorders rather than at the individual level of a specific disease.
Topics: Genetic Testing; Genomics; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; Humans; Mental Disorders; Molecular Medicine; Psychiatry
PubMed: 28608853
DOI: 10.1038/tp.2017.106 -
Seminars in Diagnostic Pathology Sep 2019Molecular diagnostic techniques are part of the ancillary arsenal of anatomic pathologists. Advances in technology and knowledge regarding disease pathogenesis,... (Review)
Review
Molecular diagnostic techniques are part of the ancillary arsenal of anatomic pathologists. Advances in technology and knowledge regarding disease pathogenesis, tumorigenesis, and immune function contribute to the development of these assays. However, each technique, if applied incorrectly or in ignorance, can lead to difficulties in execution or errors in interpretation. In this review of commonly used molecular diagnostic tests, including immunohistochemistry, microsatellite instability testing, chromosomal microarray testing, and conventional and next-generation sequencing, the emphasis will be on potential pitfalls and considerations for each platform. Emerging technologies that may be used in clinical applications in the near future will also be discussed. An understanding of the methodologies, advantages, and drawbacks of molecular assays will help pathologists aid in diagnostic and therapeutic decisions.
Topics: Humans; Molecular Diagnostic Techniques; Pathology, Molecular
PubMed: 31182318
DOI: 10.1053/j.semdp.2019.06.002 -
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry 2013The Human Genome Project and the explosion of high-throughput data have transformed the areas of molecular and personalized medicine, which are producing a wide range of... (Review)
Review
The Human Genome Project and the explosion of high-throughput data have transformed the areas of molecular and personalized medicine, which are producing a wide range of studies and experimental results and providing new insights for developing medical applications. Research in many interdisciplinary fields is resulting in data repositories and computational tools that support a wide diversity of tasks: genome sequencing, genome-wide association studies, analysis of genotype-phenotype interactions, drug toxicity and side effects assessment, prediction of protein interactions and diseases, development of computational models, biomarker discovery, and many others. The authors of the present paper have developed several inventories covering tools, initiatives and studies in different computational fields related to molecular medicine: medical informatics, bioinformatics, clinical informatics and nanoinformatics. With these inventories, created by mining the scientific literature, we have carried out several reviews of these fields, providing researchers with a useful framework to locate, discover, search and integrate resources. In this paper we present an analysis of the state-of-the-art as it relates to computational resources for molecular medicine, based on results compiled in our inventories, as well as results extracted from a systematic review of the literature and other scientific media. The present review is based on the impact of their related publications and the available data and software resources for molecular medicine. It aims to provide information that can be useful to support ongoing research and work to improve diagnostics and therapeutics based on molecular-level insights.
Topics: Biomedical Research; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; Computational Biology; High-Throughput Screening Assays; Humans; Medical Informatics; Molecular Medicine; Precision Medicine; Software
PubMed: 23548020
DOI: 10.2174/1568026611313050002 -
Genetics in Medicine : Official Journal... Dec 2018
Topics: Adenosine Monophosphate; Consensus; Genetics, Medical; Genomics; Pathology, Molecular; United States
PubMed: 29543229
DOI: 10.1038/gim.2018.42 -
Nature Nov 2016
Topics: Humans; Illusions; Medical Oncology; Molecular Medicine; Neoplasms; Precision Medicine
PubMed: 27853199
DOI: 10.1038/539357e -
American Society of Clinical Oncology... 2015
Review
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Biomarkers, Tumor; Clinical Trials as Topic; Genome-Wide Association Study; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Molecular Medicine; Molecular Targeted Therapy; Neoplasms
PubMed: 25993137
DOI: 10.14694/EdBook_AM.2015.35.22 -
Missouri Medicine 2010
Topics: Humans; Medicine; Molecular Diagnostic Techniques; Pathology, Molecular
PubMed: 20446510
DOI: No ID Found -
Molecular Medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) Dec 2014
Topics: Biomedical Research; Molecular Medicine; Periodicals as Topic
PubMed: 25549225
DOI: 10.2119/molmed.2014.00249 -
Allergologia Et Immunopathologia 2010The diagnosis of antibody-mediated allergic disorders is based on the clinical findings and the detection of allergen-specific IgE based on in vitro and in vivo... (Review)
Review
The diagnosis of antibody-mediated allergic disorders is based on the clinical findings and the detection of allergen-specific IgE based on in vitro and in vivo techniques, together with allergen provocation tests. In vitro diagnostic techniques have progressed enormously following the introduction of the advances made in proteomics and nanotechnology--offering tools for the diagnosis and investigation of allergy at molecular level. The most advanced developments are the microarray techniques, which in genomics allowed rapid description of the human genetic code, and which now have been applied to proteomics, broadening the field for research and clinical use. Together with these technological advances, the characterisation of most of the different proteins generating specific IgE and which conform each natural allergen, as well as their purification or genetic engineering-based synthesis, have been crucial elements--offering the possibility of identifying disease-causing allergens at molecular level, establishing a component-resolved diagnosis (CRD), using them to study the natural course of the disease, and applying them to improvements in specific immunotherapy. Microarrays of allergic components offer results relating to hundreds of these allergenic components in a single test, and use a small amount of serum that can be obtained from capillary blood. The availability of new molecules will allow the development of panels including new allergenic components and sources, which will require evaluation for clinical use. The present study reviews these new developments, component-resolved diagnosis, and the development of microarray techniques as a critical element for furthering our knowledge of allergic disease.
Topics: Allergens; Desensitization, Immunologic; Humans; Hypersensitivity, Immediate; Nanotechnology; Pathology, Molecular; Protein Array Analysis; Protein Engineering; Proteomics; Recombinant Proteins
PubMed: 20398997
DOI: 10.1016/j.aller.2010.03.001