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Clinical and Experimental Dermatology Feb 2022
Topics: Asian People; Child, Preschool; DNA Mutational Analysis; Female; Gene Deletion; Heterozygote; Humans; Keratins, Hair-Specific; Keratins, Type II; Monilethrix
PubMed: 34610158
DOI: 10.1111/ced.14956 -
Dermatology Online Journal Jul 2017Monilethrix is a rare genodermatosis characterized by a hair shaft dysplasia responsible for hypotrichosis. We report the case of a child with monilethrix with no...
Monilethrix is a rare genodermatosis characterized by a hair shaft dysplasia responsible for hypotrichosis. We report the case of a child with monilethrix with no associated cases in the family. Trichoscopy facilitated the diagnosis. A 2-year-old boy presented with diffuse alopecia and persistent fragile hair for several months. Clinical examination revealed alopecia with hairs broken several millimeters from the scalp. Trichoscopy revealed zones of dystrophic constriction of the hair shaft, separated at regular intervals by elliptical nodes of normal thickness, giving a "necklace" appearance. The diagnosis of monilethrix was made on the basis of these specific features. The diagnosis of monilethrix was more difficult to establish in our patient owing to the absence of any familial cases.
Topics: Alopecia; Child, Preschool; Dermoscopy; Hair; Humans; Male; Monilethrix
PubMed: 29469711
DOI: No ID Found -
International Journal of Trichology Jan 2010Monilethrix is a heritable hair shaft defect characterized by localized or diffuse alopecia resulting from hair fragility over friction areas, predominantly the temporal...
Monilethrix is a heritable hair shaft defect characterized by localized or diffuse alopecia resulting from hair fragility over friction areas, predominantly the temporal and occipital regions, and follicular keratosis over the occipital region. However, it lacks macroscopic features that enable easy and rapid diagnosis in medical practice. Hair shaft microscopy is the basis for diagnosing monilethrix. We present a report of two Indian male siblings aged 24 and 21, who presented with thinning and hair loss from the scalp in male pattern distribution and multiple skin-colored follicular papules over the nape of the neck and bilateral forearms since childhood. Trichoscopy of scalp hair revealed characteristic uniform elliptical nodes and intermittent constrictions along with variation in hair shaft diameter, presence of few vellus hair and yellow dots, suggesting a diagnosis of monilethrix with early-onset androgenetic alopecia. Dermoscopy of the papules revealed multiple stubs of broken hair arising from them with a similar beaded appearance, suggesting a diagnosis of monilethrix. The diagnosis of monilethrix was confirmed with light microscopy and hair clipping. This report highlights the patterned distribution of hair loss in monilethrix probably due to the early unmasking of androgenetic alopecia and the use of trichoscopy as the diagnostic modality.
PubMed: 21188029
DOI: 10.4103/0974-7753.66918 -
Dermatologische Monatschrift 1983
Topics: Adult; Child; Female; Hair; Hair Diseases; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nail Diseases; Pedigree
PubMed: 6642030
DOI: No ID Found -
International Journal of Dermatology Aug 2020Topical minoxidil has been used for almost 40 years to treat alopecia. There is growing evidence supporting off-label use of low-dose oral minoxidil.
BACKGROUND
Topical minoxidil has been used for almost 40 years to treat alopecia. There is growing evidence supporting off-label use of low-dose oral minoxidil.
OBJECTIVE
To conduct a systematic review evaluating the use of oral minoxidil for all types of alopecia.
METHODS
A primary literature search was conducted using PubMed in May 2019, utilizing the search term "oral minoxidil AND (hair loss OR alopecia OR baldness)". Reviews, non-English studies, and articles concerning only topical minoxidil were excluded.
RESULTS
Ten articles were included for review comprising a total 19,218 patients (215 women and 19,003 men). Oral minoxidil dose ranged from 0.25 to 5 mg daily to twice daily. The strongest evidence existed for androgenetic alopecia and alopecia areata (AA), with 61-100% and 18-82.4% of patients demonstrating objective clinical improvement. Successful treatment of female pattern hair loss, chronic telogen effluvium, monilethrix, and permanent chemotherapy-induced alopecia was also reported. The most common adverse effects with oral minoxidil included hypertrichosis and postural hypotension.
CONCLUSION
Oral minoxidil is a safe and successful treatment of androgenic alopecia and AA. In addition to its therapeutic benefits, practical advantages over topical minoxidil stem from improved patient compliance.
Topics: Administration, Topical; Alopecia; Alopecia Areata; Female; Humans; Hypertrichosis; Male; Minoxidil; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 32516434
DOI: 10.1111/ijd.14933 -
Gaceta Medica de Mexico 1955
Topics: Hair; Hair Diseases; Humans; Monilethrix
PubMed: 13251392
DOI: No ID Found -
Medicina Apr 1954
Topics: Hair; Hair Diseases; Humans; Monilethrix
PubMed: 13164784
DOI: No ID Found -
The Journal of Investigative Dermatology May 1965
Topics: Arginine; Citrulline; Hair; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Keratins; Metabolic Diseases; Monilethrix
PubMed: 14290311
DOI: No ID Found -
Ceskoslovenska Dermatologie Aug 1973
Topics: Adolescent; Darier Disease; Female; Hair; Humans; Intellectual Disability; Male; Pedigree; Skin Diseases
PubMed: 4727827
DOI: No ID Found -
Indian Journal of Dermatology 2008
PubMed: 19882001
DOI: 10.4103/0019-5154.41660