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The Veterinary Record Jul 2009
Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Fatal Outcome; Flow Cytometry; Leukemia, Myeloid; Male; Monocytes
PubMed: 19596678
DOI: 10.1136/vetrec.165.2.54 -
Virchows Archiv : An International... Dec 2023Differential diagnosis of clonal versus reactive cytopenia and monocytosis, respectively, frequently presents a diagnostic challenge. With the two recent classifications...
Differential diagnosis of clonal versus reactive cytopenia and monocytosis, respectively, frequently presents a diagnostic challenge. With the two recent classifications of myeloid disorders, mutational analysis has gained importance as a diagnostic tool. However, reports on its utility on trephine bone marrow biopsies (BMB) are sparse. The aim of our proof of principle study was to determine the suitability of targeted sequencing for the longitudinal evaluation of cytopenia and monocytosis and demonstration of clonal evolution on sequential BMB. Seventy-seven EDTA-decalcified BMB of 33 patients with peripheral cytopenia and/or monocytosis, including at least one follow-up biopsy/patient, were included. Initial morphological diagnoses were idiopathic cytopenia of undetermined significance (ICUS, 8 cases), MDS (without blast increase, 7 cases), MDS with increased blasts/excess blasts (MDS-IB/EB) (11 cases), and CMML (7 cases). Thirty-one genes relevant for myeloid disorders were examined using two custom AmpliSeq NGS panels. Mutations were found in the initial BMB of 5/8 cases of ICUS, thus changing the diagnosis to clonal cytopenia of unknown significance (CCUS), 5/7 MDS, 10/11 MDS-IB/EB, and 7/7 CMML. Clonal evolution was observed in 14/33 (42%) cases, mostly associated with disease progression. None of the wild-type patients acquired mutations during follow-up. NGS-based mutation profiling is a robust diagnostic tool for BMB and provides valuable additional information, especially for cases with no/minimal dysplasia, and for better risk stratification of MDS. Tracking variant allele frequency and appearance of mutations over time allows for observing clonal evolution or relapse.
Topics: Humans; Bone Marrow; Myelodysplastic Syndromes; Mutation; Clonal Evolution; Biopsy
PubMed: 37610626
DOI: 10.1007/s00428-023-03627-1 -
The American Journal of Medicine Sep 1967
Topics: Agranulocytosis; Bone Marrow; Bone Marrow Cells; Chlorpromazine; Female; Humans; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute; Middle Aged; Monocytes
PubMed: 5231906
DOI: 10.1016/0002-9343(67)90200-8 -
European Heart Journal Nov 2006
Topics: Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; Coronary Circulation; Humans; Leukocytosis; Monocytes; Myocardial Infarction; Myocardial Reperfusion; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left
PubMed: 17000630
DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehl267 -
Annales de Biologie Clinique 1993Automated cell counters have allowed the reproducible analysis of the 5 leucocyte populations (neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, lymphocytes and monocytes).... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Automated cell counters have allowed the reproducible analysis of the 5 leucocyte populations (neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, lymphocytes and monocytes). Determination of the monocyte count by classical microscopic analysis can be inaccurate. We have compared the automated monocyte count from the coulter STKS (program 1F) with counts obtained by microscopic analysis of 1000 leucocytes and by flow cytometric analysis of cells stained simultaneously with a pan-leucocyte and a monocyte-specific antibody. The values provided by the coulter STKS are sufficiently precise to recommend the routine clinical use of this automated counter.
Topics: Female; Flow Cytometry; Humans; Immunoassay; Leukocyte Count; Male; Monocytes; Reference Values
PubMed: 8166391
DOI: No ID Found -
Nihon Rinsho Men'eki Gakkai Kaishi =... 2011The systemic autoimmune disease such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by the deposition of immune complexes in multiple organs. Fcγ receptors... (Review)
Review
The systemic autoimmune disease such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by the deposition of immune complexes in multiple organs. Fcγ receptors (FcγR) recognize the Fc portion of IgG and are important in determining the response of leukocytes to deposited immune complexes. FcγR also provide positive and negative regulation of immune cell responses. The activatory FcγR including the FcR common γ chain take balance with Fcγ RIIB, the only inhibitory FcγR. Development of lupus-like autoimmune disease as well as monocytosis in BXSB mice is dependent on the activatory and inhibitory FcγR. In human SLE, dysregulated expression of FcγRIIB on memory B cells is reported and numbers of associations with genetic polymorphism are also reported. The cell-specific modulation of these activatory or inhibitory FcγRs are expected for the new therapeutic strategy in autoimmune diseases.
Topics: Animals; B-Lymphocytes; Humans; Immunologic Memory; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Polymorphism, Genetic; Receptors, IgG
PubMed: 21372507
DOI: 10.2177/jsci.34.1 -
Clinical and Laboratory Haematology Feb 1998We describe a patient with M4 AML treated with standard chemotherapy followed by G-CSF who developed marked monocytosis on day 8 of G-CSF therapy. Fourteen days after...
We describe a patient with M4 AML treated with standard chemotherapy followed by G-CSF who developed marked monocytosis on day 8 of G-CSF therapy. Fourteen days after discontinuation of G-CSF therapy his monocyte counts returned to normal levels and a marrow aspirate showed a reduction in blast cells. He received further chemotherapy without G-CSF and without any recurrence of the raised leucocyte count but failed to achieve full remission. Although this G-CSF-driven leucocytosis was alarming it did not appear to have adversely affected the patient's prognosis.
Topics: Aged; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; Humans; Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Acute; Leukemoid Reaction; Leukocytosis; Male; Monocytes
PubMed: 9681211
DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2257.1998.00083.x -
Blood Mar 2019The diagnosis of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) remains centered on morphology, meaning that the distinction from a reactive monocytosis is challenging....
The diagnosis of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) remains centered on morphology, meaning that the distinction from a reactive monocytosis is challenging. Mutational analysis and immunophenotyping have been proposed as potential tools for diagnosis; however, they have not been formally assessed in combination. We aimed to investigate the clinical utility of these technologies by performing targeted sequencing, in parallel with current gold standard techniques, on consecutive samples referred for investigation of monocytosis over a 2-year period (N = 283). Results were correlated with the morphological diagnosis and objective outcome measures, including overall survival (OS) and longitudinal blood counts. Somatic mutations were detected in 79% of patients, being invariably identified in those with a confirmed diagnosis (99%) but also in 57% of patients with nondiagnostic bone marrow features. The OS in nondiagnostic mutated patients was indistinguishable from those with CMML ( = .118) and significantly worse than in unmutated patients ( = .0002). On multivariate analysis, age, ASXL1, CBL, DNMT3A, NRAS, and RUNX1 mutations retained significance. Furthermore, the presence of a mutation was associated with a progressive decrease in hemoglobin/platelet levels and increasing monocyte counts compared with mutation-negative patients. Of note, the immunophenotypic features of nondiagnostic mutated patients were comparable to CMML patients, and the presence of aberrant CD56 was highly specific for detecting a mutation. Overall, somatic mutations are detected at high frequency in patients referred with a monocytosis, irrespective of diagnosis. In those without a World Health Organization-defined diagnosis, the mutation spectrum, immunophenotypic features, and OS are indistinguishable from CMML patients, and these patients should be managed as such.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biomarkers, Tumor; DNA Mutational Analysis; Female; Flow Cytometry; Follow-Up Studies; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; Humans; Immunophenotyping; Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Chronic; Male; Middle Aged; Monocytes; Mutation; Prognosis; Survival Rate; World Health Organization; Young Adult
PubMed: 30606702
DOI: 10.1182/blood-2018-08-867333 -
The Journal of International Medical... Jul 2020To evaluate the protective effect of pravastatin on atherosclerotic development and inflammatory monocyte subset in atherosclerotic apolipoprotein E (ApoE) mice after...
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the protective effect of pravastatin on atherosclerotic development and inflammatory monocyte subset in atherosclerotic apolipoprotein E (ApoE) mice after myocardial infarction (MI).
METHODS
Male ApoE mice (8 weeks old) were fed a high-fat diet for 14 weeks throughout the experiment. A MI model was produced using 18-week-old ApoE mice. They were randomly divided into three groups: sham group, MI group, and MI+Pra group (40 mg/kg/day pravastatin). After 4 weeks (at the end of the study period), the mice were sacrificed and cardiac function was evaluated by echocardiography. Aortic lesion areas were evaluated using oil red O staining. Plaque macrophage in aortic sinus was analyzed by immunofluorescence staining. Flow cytometry was used to explore the proportions of monocyte subsets in the blood, spleen, and bone marrow..
RESULTS
Pravastatin improved cardiac function and reduced lesion areas. It also attenuated the supply of monocytes in spleen, especially the inflammatory Ly6C monocyte subset. Pravastatin also subsequently reduced macrophage accumulation in atherosclerotic lesions.
CONCLUSIONS
MI accelerated chronic atherosclerosis progress. Pravastatin suppressed atherosclerotic development and inhibited inflammatory monocytosis after MI in ApoE mice.
Topics: Animals; Apolipoproteins E; Atherosclerosis; Disease Models, Animal; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Myocardial Infarction; Plaque, Atherosclerotic; Pravastatin
PubMed: 32662710
DOI: 10.1177/0300060520932816 -
Leukemia & Lymphoma Mar 2006Based on clinical and pathological findings, chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) differs from other myeloproliferative/myelodysplastic disorders by its hallmark,... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Based on clinical and pathological findings, chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) differs from other myeloproliferative/myelodysplastic disorders by its hallmark, monocytosis. It is unknown whether the presence of monocytosis and the diagnosis of CMML carry a prognostic significance. The present study aimed to determine whether the survival of patients with CMML differs from that of patients with BCR/ABL-negative CML or Ph(1-), BCR/ABL-unknown CML, once other potentially prognostic variables have been accounted for. The records of 485 patients with myeloproliferative/myelodysplastic disorders [CMML, n = 304; BCR/ABL-negative CML, n = 107; Ph(1-), BCR/ABL unknown, n = 74] were analysed. Of the covariates found to be significantly (P < 0.01) associated with survival in univariate and multivariate analyses, the following remained predictive and adversely associated with survival, after accounting for the influence of other covariates: increasing age, white blood cell count, platelets, bone marrow blasts and cellularity, decreasing hemoglobin, abnormal karyotype, and diagnosis of CMML. The diagnosis of CMML is prognostically significant and independently associated with a shorter survival and a higher risk of death than BCR/ABL-negative CML or Ph(1-) BCR/ABL-unknown CML.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Chronic Disease; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Genes, abl; Humans; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive; Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Chronic; Leukocyte Count; Leukocytosis; Male; Middle Aged; Monocytes; Myelodysplastic Syndromes; Myeloproliferative Disorders; Philadelphia Chromosome; Prognosis; Proportional Hazards Models; Retrospective Studies; Survival Rate
PubMed: 16396764
DOI: 10.1080/10428190500305448