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The Journal of Experimental Medicine Feb 1984Autoimmunity in BXSB mice is associated with a progressive increase in the number of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). This is due to a marked rise in...
Autoimmunity in BXSB mice is associated with a progressive increase in the number of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). This is due to a marked rise in circulating monocytes, identified by: (a) their appearance on light and electron microscopy; (b) their surface antigenic characteristics; (c) their expression of Fc receptors; and (d) their capacity for phagocytosis. Among murine models for systemic lupus erythematosus, only the BXSB strain is characterized by monocytosis, suggesting that cells of monocytic lineage may contribute significantly to the pathogenesis of autoimmune disease in BXSB mice.
Topics: Animals; Antilymphocyte Serum; Autoimmune Diseases; Female; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Leukocytosis; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Male; Mice; Mice, Mutant Strains; Monocytes
PubMed: 6363600
DOI: 10.1084/jem.159.2.629 -
The American Journal of Psychiatry Mar 1979
Topics: Agranulocytosis; Antipsychotic Agents; Humans; Monocytes; Phenothiazines
PubMed: 33556
DOI: No ID Found -
Pathology Oct 2023Monocyte subset partitioning by flow cytometry may be a useful tool in distinguishing chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia (CMML) from other causes of monocytosis, however...
Monocyte subset partitioning by flow cytometry may be a useful tool in distinguishing chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia (CMML) from other causes of monocytosis, however there has been varying success in real world implementation. Additionally, current assays require an individual tube for analysis despite significant overlap in antibodies used in routine T and NK cell analysis. The objective of this study was to validate a flow cytometry assay for the enumeration of monocyte subsets in our community-based laboratory and compare this to a hybrid panel allowing analysis of monocytes, T cells and NK cells in a single tube. Monocyte subset analysis was performed on peripheral blood samples of patients with monocytosis at the time of bone marrow biopsy or transient monocytosis in the setting of bacteraemia. Cut-offs of >94% classical and <1.13% non-classical monocytes for distinguishing CMML were assessed. Classical monocytes were significantly higher, and non-classical monocytes significantly lower in CMML compared to other causes of monocytosis. The sensitivity and specificity of >94% classical monocytes were 73% [95% confidence interval (CI) 43-90%] and 89% (95% CI 75-96%) regardless of which panel was used. Non-classical monocytes of <1.13% had a sensitivity and specificity of 82% (95% CI 52-97%) and 83% (95% CI 68-92%) with the monocyte panel and 55% (95% CI 28-78%) and 89% (95% CI 75-96%) using the hybrid panel. We have found the estimation of the classical monocyte subset to be the most robust and repeatable variation of this assay with sensitivity and specificity that is clinically useful. A hybrid panel may provide an effective approach to implementing monocyte subsets into practice.
Topics: Humans; Monocytes; Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Chronic; Flow Cytometry; Bone Marrow; Sensitivity and Specificity
PubMed: 37541805
DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2023.05.006 -
Scandinavian Journal of Infectious... 2000Nephropathia epidemica is a mild form of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. Thrombocytopenia is common and characteristic. We report here a case of a young man with...
Nephropathia epidemica is a mild form of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. Thrombocytopenia is common and characteristic. We report here a case of a young man with nephropathia epidemica and marked transient monocytosis.
Topics: Adolescent; Hantavirus Infections; Humans; Leukocytosis; Male; Monocytes
PubMed: 10959653
DOI: 10.1080/003655400750045024 -
International Journal of Laboratory... Oct 2021
A new approach for diagnosing hematological malignancies using monocytosis workflow optimization, abnormal lymphocyte/blast flag of Sysmex XN series of blood count analyzers.
PubMed: 34498414
DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.13686 -
Clinical Advances in Hematology &... Mar 2014Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) is an aggressive malignancy characterized by peripheral monocytosis and ineffective hematopoiesis. It has been historically... (Review)
Review
Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) is an aggressive malignancy characterized by peripheral monocytosis and ineffective hematopoiesis. It has been historically classified as a subtype of the myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) but was recently demonstrated to be a distinct entity with a distinct natural history. Nonetheless, clinical practice guidelines for CMML have been inferred from studies designed for MDSs. It is imperative that clinicians understand which elements of MDS clinical practice are translatable to CMML, including which evidence has been generated from CMML-specific studies and which has not. This allows for an evidence-based approach to the treatment of CMML and identifies knowledge gaps in need of further study in a disease-specific manner. This review discusses the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of CMML, with the task of divorcing aspects of MDS practice that have not been demonstrated to be applicable to CMML and merging those that have been shown to be clinically similar.
Topics: Disease Management; Humans; Incidence; Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Chronic; Prognosis
PubMed: 24927265
DOI: No ID Found -
Pediatric Blood & Cancer Sep 2022
Topics: Child; Congenital Bone Marrow Failure Syndromes; Humans; Mutation; Neutropenia; Signal Recognition Particle
PubMed: 35253356
DOI: 10.1002/pbc.29648 -
Indian Journal of Hematology & Blood... Sep 2013Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML) is a rare fatal hematopoietic disorder of early childhood. We are presenting a case of 9-month-old female child who was admitted...
Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML) is a rare fatal hematopoietic disorder of early childhood. We are presenting a case of 9-month-old female child who was admitted with abdominal distension, irritability, and hepatosplenomegaly. Peripheral blood film examination showed leukoerythroblastosis with leukocytosis, absolute monocytosis, microcytic hypo chromic anemia, and thrombocytopenia. Bone marrow examination showed myeloid hyperplasia, Hb HPLC revealed normal HbF (1.3 %) and HbA2 (2.9 %). There was absolute gamma globulinemia and DCT positivity. Cytogenetic studies revealed a normal karyotype with absence of Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome, monosomy 7 or any other chromosomal abnormality. Diagnosis of JMML was rendered according to the diagnostic criteria laid down by WHO classification 2008 with presence of peripheral blood monocytosis >1 × 10(9)/L, blasts <20 % of leucocytes in blood or nucleated cells in bone marrow, absence of Ph chromosome, presence of immature granulocytes in the blood and WBC count >10 × 10(9)/L. The patient was then started on a regimen of chemotherapy to which she gave a promising response.
PubMed: 24426365
DOI: 10.1007/s12288-012-0164-9 -
Annals of Hematology Jan 2019Patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) have monocytosis and likely a state of chronic inflammation. Both have been associated with an increased risk of... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial
Patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) have monocytosis and likely a state of chronic inflammation. Both have been associated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis. The aim of the study was to test the hypothesis that CMML patients are at increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) due to persistent monocytosis and sustained chronic inflammation. In a retrospective cohort study, we assessed hazards for cardiovascular events after diagnosis in 112 CMML patients and 231 chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients. Analyses were carried out on restricted cohorts (CMML = 84, CLL = 186), excluding patients with a prior history of CVD, as well as on unrestricted cohorts. In the restricted cohorts, a significant effect of cardiovascular event occurrence did not remain after adjustment (HR 2.49, 95% CI 0.94-6.60). In unrestricted cohorts, we found a more than twofold increased rate of cardiovascular events in CMML (HR 2.34, 95% CI 1.05-5.20). Our results indicate an increased risk of CVD after the diagnosis in CMML patients.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Atherosclerosis; Female; Humans; Inflammation; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive; Male; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 30182347
DOI: 10.1007/s00277-018-3489-0 -
Pediatric Dermatology 2007We present a 6-year-old girl with an 8-month history of fluctuating chilblain-like lesions on the toes. A full blood count showed slight thrombocytopenia and...
We present a 6-year-old girl with an 8-month history of fluctuating chilblain-like lesions on the toes. A full blood count showed slight thrombocytopenia and monocytosis. A skin biopsy specimen showed a dense perivascular and superficial dermal cellular infiltrate which was CD3(-), CD43(+), and lysosyme + on immunocytochemistry, suggesting a monocytic origin. Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia was diagnosed after a bone marrow biopsy and spontaneous marrow colony growth in culture.
Topics: Biopsy; Chilblains; Child; Female; Humans; Leukemia; Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Chronic; Skin Neoplasms; Toes
PubMed: 17300647
DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-1470.2007.00330.x