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Current Topics in Microbiology and... 2017The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) currently recognizes three genera and seven species as part of the mononegaviral family Filoviridae. Eight... (Review)
Review
The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) currently recognizes three genera and seven species as part of the mononegaviral family Filoviridae. Eight distinct filoviruses (Bundibugyo virus, Ebola virus, Lloviu virus, Marburg virus, Ravn virus, Reston virus, Sudan virus, and Taï Forest virus) have been assigned to these seven species. This chapter briefly summarizes the status quo of filovirus classification and focuses on the importance of differentiating between filoviral species and filoviruses and the correct use of taxonomic and vernacular filovirus names and abbreviations in written and oral discourse.
Topics: Ebolavirus; Filoviridae; Marburgvirus; Terminology as Topic
PubMed: 28653188
DOI: 10.1007/82_2017_7 -
Annual Review of Phytopathology 2005The Rhabdoviridae, whose members collectively infect invertebrates, animals, and plants, form a large family that has important consequences for human health,... (Review)
Review
The Rhabdoviridae, whose members collectively infect invertebrates, animals, and plants, form a large family that has important consequences for human health, agriculture, and wildlife ecology. Plant rhabdoviruses can be separated into the genera Cytorhabdovirus and Nucleorhabdovirus, based on their sites of replication and morphogenesis. This review presents a general overview of classical and contemporary findings about rhabdovirus ecology, pathology, vector relations, and taxonomy. The genome organization and structure of several recently sequenced nucleorhabdoviruses and cytorhabdoviruses is integrated with new cell biology findings to provide a model for the replication of the two genera. A prospectus outlines the exciting opportunities for future research that will contribute to a more detailed understanding of the biology, biochemistry, replication and host interactions of the plant rhabdoviruses.
Topics: Genome, Viral; Plant Diseases; Plant Viruses; Rhabdoviridae; Viral Proteins
PubMed: 16078897
DOI: 10.1146/annurev.phyto.43.011205.141136 -
PloS One May 2011The goal of this Bioinformatic study is to investigate sequence conservation in relation to evolutionary function/structure of the nucleoprotein of the order...
The goal of this Bioinformatic study is to investigate sequence conservation in relation to evolutionary function/structure of the nucleoprotein of the order Mononegavirales. In the combined analysis of 63 representative nucleoprotein (N) sequences from four viral families (Bornaviridae, Filoviridae, Rhabdoviridae, and Paramyxoviridae) we predict the regions of protein disorder, intra-residue contact and co-evolving residues. Correlations between location and conservation of predicted regions illustrate a strong division between families while high- lighting conservation within individual families. These results suggest the conserved regions among the nucleoproteins, specifically within Rhabdoviridae and Paramyxoviradae, but also generally among all members of the order, reflect an evolutionary advantage in maintaining these sites for the viral nucleoprotein as part of the transcription/replication machinery. Results indicate conservation for disorder in the C-terminus region of the representative proteins that is important for interacting with the phosphoprotein and the large subunit polymerase during transcription and replication. Additionally, the C-terminus region of the protein preceding the disordered region, is predicted to be important for interacting with the encapsidated genome. Portions of the N-terminus are responsible for N∶N stability and interactions identified by the presence or lack of co-evolving intra-protein contact predictions. The validation of these prediction results by current structural information illustrates the benefits of the Disorder, Intra-residue contact and Compensatory mutation Correlator (DisICC) pipeline as a method for quickly characterizing proteins and providing the most likely residues and regions necessary to target for disruption in viruses that have little structural information available.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Computational Biology; Crystallography, X-Ray; Genome, Viral; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; Models, Molecular; Molecular Sequence Data; Mononegavirales; Mutation; Nucleoproteins; Phylogeny; Protein Conformation; Protein Structure, Secondary; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Species Specificity
PubMed: 21559282
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0019275 -
Archives of Virology 1997
Topics: Conserved Sequence; Genes, Viral; Mononegavirales
PubMed: 9672597
DOI: No ID Found -
Science (New York, N.Y.) Jun 2020
Topics: Animals; Communicable Diseases, Emerging; Humans; Measles virus; Rinderpest virus; Time Factors
PubMed: 32554581
DOI: 10.1126/science.abc5746 -
RNA (New York, N.Y.) Mar 2019A primary property of paramyxovirus bipartite promoters is to ensure that their RNA genomes are imprinted with a hexamer phase via their association with nucleoproteins,... (Review)
Review
A primary property of paramyxovirus bipartite promoters is to ensure that their RNA genomes are imprinted with a hexamer phase via their association with nucleoproteins, in part because this phase as well the editing sequence itself controls mRNA editing. The question then arises whether a similar mechanism operates for filoviruses that also contain bipartite promoters that are governed by the "rule of six," even though these genomes need not, and given Ebola virus biology, cannot always be of hexamer genome length. This review suggests that this is possible and describes how it might operate, and that RNA editing may play a role in Ebola virus genome interconversion that helps the virus adapt to different host environments.
Topics: Filoviridae; Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; Genome, Viral; Paramyxoviridae; Promoter Regions, Genetic; RNA Editing; RNA, Viral; Viral Proteins; Virus Replication
PubMed: 30587495
DOI: 10.1261/rna.068825.118 -
Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences :... Jan 2008Rabies virus is a negative-strand RNA virus. Its RNA genome is condensed by the viral nucleoprotein (N), and it is this N-RNA complex that is the template for... (Review)
Review
Rabies virus is a negative-strand RNA virus. Its RNA genome is condensed by the viral nucleoprotein (N), and it is this N-RNA complex that is the template for transcription and replication by the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase complex. Here we discuss structural and functional aspects of viral transcription and replication based on the atomic structure of a recombinant rabies virus N-RNA complex. We situate available biochemical data on N-RNA interactions with viral and cellular factors in the structural framework with regard to their implications for transcription and replication. Finally, we compare the structure of the rabies virus nucleoprotein with the structures of the nucleoproteins of vesicular stomatitis virus, Borna disease virus and influenza virus, highlighting potential similarities between these virus families.
Topics: Humans; Nucleoproteins; RNA, Viral; Rabies virus; Rhabdoviridae; Transcription, Genetic; Virus Replication
PubMed: 17938861
DOI: 10.1007/s00018-007-7298-1 -
The Journal of General Virology Dec 2019The family consists of large enveloped RNA viruses infecting mammals, birds, reptiles and fish. Many paramyxoviruses are host-specific and several, such as measles...
The family consists of large enveloped RNA viruses infecting mammals, birds, reptiles and fish. Many paramyxoviruses are host-specific and several, such as measles virus, mumps virus, Nipah virus, Hendra virus and several parainfluenza viruses, are pathogenic for humans. The transmission of paramyxoviruses is horizontal, mainly through airborne routes; no vectors are known. This is a summary of the current International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) Report on the family . which is available at ictv.global/report/paramyxoviridae.
Topics: DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic; Databases, Factual; Humans; Paramyxoviridae; Web Browser
PubMed: 31609197
DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001328 -
The Journal of Infectious Diseases Nov 2023Ebola virus (EBOV) and Marburg virus (MARV) made headlines in the past decade, causing outbreaks of human disease in previously nonendemic yet overlapping areas. While...
Ebola virus (EBOV) and Marburg virus (MARV) made headlines in the past decade, causing outbreaks of human disease in previously nonendemic yet overlapping areas. While EBOV outbreaks can be mitigated with licensed vaccines and treatments, there is not yet a licensed countermeasure for MARV. Here, we used nonhuman primates (NHPs) previously vaccinated with vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)-MARV and protected against lethal MARV challenge. After a resting period of 9 months, these NHPs were revaccinated with VSV-EBOV and challenged with EBOV, resulting in 75% survival. Surviving NHPs developed EBOV glycoprotein (GP)-specific antibody titers and no viremia or clinical signs of disease. The single vaccinated NHP succumbing to challenge showed the lowest EBOV GP-specific antibody response after challenge, supporting previous findings with VSV-EBOV that antigen-specific antibodies are critical in mediating protection. This study again demonstrates that VSVΔG-based filovirus vaccine can be successfully used in individuals with preexisting VSV vector immunity, highlighting the platform's applicability for consecutive outbreak response.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola; Vesicular Stomatitis; Ebola Vaccines; Ebolavirus; Vesiculovirus; Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus; Marburgvirus; Antibodies, Viral; Glycoproteins; Primates
PubMed: 37290042
DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiad208 -
Current Topics in Microbiology and... 1999
Review
Topics: Filoviridae; Viral Proteins; Virus Assembly; Virus Replication
PubMed: 9893375
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-59949-1_1