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Best Practice & Research. Clinical... Aug 2023Obesity is currently a global pandemic, with increasing trends worldwide. Data from the WHO, US CDC, and the UK show an increasing trend, with 50% and 25% of the US... (Review)
Review
Obesity is currently a global pandemic, with increasing trends worldwide. Data from the WHO, US CDC, and the UK show an increasing trend, with 50% and 25% of the US population expected to be obese and morbidly obese by 2030. Obesity affects several aspects of health, with increased risks of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and several malignancies. Morbid obesity significantly impacts several aspects of female life and health, from adolescence, through the reproductive years, to the postmenopausal age group. In gynecology, there is a higher prevalence of menstrual disorders and infertility and reduced success rates of assisted reproduction; increased risk of miscarriage; pelvic organ prolapse; and endometrial, ovarian, and breast cancers. Surgery in the patient with morbid obesity is associated with several logistical challenges as well as increased surgical and peri-operative risks and increased cost. In this review, we provide an overview of the current literature, with a focus on challenges of morbid obesity in gynecological practice.
Topics: Humans; Female; Gynecology; Obesity, Morbid; Prevalence; Reproduction; Infertility
PubMed: 37473647
DOI: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2023.102379 -
Middle East Journal of Anaesthesiology Feb 2005Obesity, the most common nutritional disorder in the United States, has taken on epidemic proportions, spreading rapidly during the 1990s across all states, regions, and... (Review)
Review
Obesity, the most common nutritional disorder in the United States, has taken on epidemic proportions, spreading rapidly during the 1990s across all states, regions, and demographic groups in the United States, according to the CDC. The presence of coexisting disease, difficulty with airway management and respiratory compromise, as well as alterations in drug metabolism in obese patients, combine to make understanding this particular disorder vital for the clinical anesthesiologist. This review summarizes the clinical presentation, pathophysiology, and treatment of morbid obesity. Preoperative assessment, intraoperative management, and postoperative care, as well as anesthetic management of coexisting disease states of obesity are addressed.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Functional Residual Capacity; Humans; Intubation, Intratracheal; Obesity, Morbid; Pneumonia, Aspiration; Postoperative Care
PubMed: 15830765
DOI: No ID Found -
RN Feb 2009
Review
Topics: Bariatric Surgery; Humans; Moving and Lifting Patients; Obesity, Morbid; Postoperative Care; Postoperative Complications
PubMed: 19283941
DOI: No ID Found -
Tidsskrift For Den Norske Laegeforening... Jan 2007
Topics: Adult; Humans; Obesity, Morbid; Risk Factors; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 17205081
DOI: No ID Found -
Home Healthcare Nurse May 2008People coping with morbid obesity face many complex issues and challenges, as do the home healthcare providers who care for them. Morbid obesity among adults in the... (Review)
Review
People coping with morbid obesity face many complex issues and challenges, as do the home healthcare providers who care for them. Morbid obesity among adults in the United States has reached epidemic proportions. It is estimated that 1 in 20 Americans has class 3 morbid obesity, also known as extreme obesity (Arterburn, Maciejewski, & Tsevat, 2005). Morbid obesity is on the rise. Understanding the emotional and physical needs of this population allows the home health clinician to optimize the chances for successful outcomes.
Topics: Body Mass Index; Community Health Nursing; Cost of Illness; Health Behavior; Home Care Services; Humans; Life Style; Needs Assessment; Nurse's Role; Nursing Assessment; Obesity, Morbid; Patient Education as Topic; Quality of Life; Severity of Illness Index; United States
PubMed: 18469603
DOI: 10.1097/01.NHH.0000318945.70161.ef -
Updates in Surgery Sep 2018Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is markedly increased among the obese population being recognized as one of the many obesity-related comorbidities. This concept... (Review)
Review
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is markedly increased among the obese population being recognized as one of the many obesity-related comorbidities. This concept should raise awareness, making physicians investigate more profoundly about this disease in this kind of patients. Currently, bariatric surgery is considered the gold standard treatment for morbid obesity. However, not all the operations are appropriate for the treatment of GERD and not all the patients are willing to receive bariatric surgery for the treatment of GERD. Even though sleeve gastrectomy has emerged as a suitable treatment option for morbid obesity, it has been related to development of de novo GERD or worsening the pre-existing one. Conversely, results after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass have been encouraging in this aspect, and it seems to be the best option for patients who suffer both diseases. Therefore, the presence of GERD should not be ignored at the time of deciding which type of surgery will be offered to the patient.
Topics: Bariatric Surgery; Gastric Bypass; Gastroesophageal Reflux; Gastroplasty; Humans; Obesity, Morbid
PubMed: 30143983
DOI: 10.1007/s13304-018-0579-4 -
Angiology Apr 2016Obesity is a major public health problem, with a prevalence of 10% to 20% in Western Europe. Morbid obesity, characterized by body mass index >40 kg/m(2), showed an... (Review)
Review
Obesity is a major public health problem, with a prevalence of 10% to 20% in Western Europe. Morbid obesity, characterized by body mass index >40 kg/m(2), showed an increased prevalence in the last 30 years. Obesity is associated with reduced economic and social opportunities, reduced quality of life, and is a determinant of several "intermediate risk factors," leading to an increased mortality and a loss in life expectancy. The rising prevalence of morbid obesity increased the demand for bariatric surgery, also called "metabolic surgery": after these interventions, there is a decrease in metabolic comorbidities, cardiovascular (CV) risk, and total mortality. In this review, we update the evaluation of morbid obese patients from the physical examination to the metabolic, CV and respiratory assessments in order to correctly stratify the CV risk and provide the best treatment. To obtain these achievements, multidisciplinary work has to be carried out with a team involving several experts with different skills.
Topics: Animals; Bariatric Surgery; Cardiovascular Diseases; Humans; Obesity, Morbid; Quality of Life; Risk Factors; Weight Loss
PubMed: 26187640
DOI: 10.1177/0003319715595735 -
Obesity Research & Clinical Practice 2022Morbid obesity (MO) is a national health problem. We sought to study the prevalence and contemporary trends of MO in hospitalized young adults. Nationwide Readmission...
Morbid obesity (MO) is a national health problem. We sought to study the prevalence and contemporary trends of MO in hospitalized young adults. Nationwide Readmission Database (NRD) for the years 2016-2019 was queried for young adult MO admissions (aged 18-35 years). A total of 750,972 (7.1%) MO admissions were analyzed. There was a trend of increasing MO admissions from 6.5% in 2016 to 7.7% in 2019 (P <0.001). MO was independently associated with an increase in mean costs by 270 million dollars per year of analysis. Authors suggest developing national programs targeting MO in young adults.
Topics: Databases, Factual; Hospitalization; Humans; Obesity, Morbid; Prevalence; Retrospective Studies; Young Adult
PubMed: 35397992
DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2022.03.004 -
European Journal of Internal Medicine Apr 2012The increasing prevalence of obesity has lead to an increase in the prevalence of sleep disordered breathing in the general population. The disproportionate structural... (Review)
Review
The increasing prevalence of obesity has lead to an increase in the prevalence of sleep disordered breathing in the general population. The disproportionate structural characteristics of the pharyngeal airway and the diminished neural regulation of the pharyngeal dilating muscles during sleep predispose the obese patients to pharyngeal airway collapsibility. A subgroup of obese apneic patients is unable to compensate for the added load of obesity on the respiratory system, with resultant daytime hypercapnia. Weight loss using dietary modification and life style changes is the safest approach to reducing the severity of sleep apnea, but its efficacy is limited on the long run. Although it has inherent risks, bariatric surgery provides the most immediate result in alleviating sleep apnea. Obesity has been linked also to narcolepsy. The loss of neuropeptides co-localized in hypocretin neurons is suggested as the potential mechanism. Poor sleep quality, which leads to overall sleep loss and excessive daytime sleepiness has also become a frequent complaint in this population. Identifying abnormal nocturnal eating is critically important for patient care. Both sleep related eating disorder and night eating syndrome are treatable and represent potentially reversible forms of obesity.
Topics: Humans; Obesity, Morbid; Prevalence; Risk Factors; Sleep Wake Disorders
PubMed: 22385877
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2011.10.016 -
Current Opinion in Obstetrics &... Dec 2012This article aims to draw together recent thinking on pregnancy and obesity, with a particular emphasis on prevention strategies and emerging clinical complications. (Review)
Review
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
This article aims to draw together recent thinking on pregnancy and obesity, with a particular emphasis on prevention strategies and emerging clinical complications.
RECENT FINDINGS
New studies including a large meta-analysis have highlighted that weight reduction strategies are not associated with adverse maternal or perinatal outcomes, and there are suggestions that an approach of dietary modification alone may be associated with reduction in gestational weight gain. These findings are critically discussed with reference to future planned trials. New literature regarding hitherto under-reported complications of obesity in pregnancy such as ischaemic heart disease, schizophrenia and sleep disorders is highlighted.
SUMMARY
There will be a need to focus on obesity prevention in the pregnant population as resources will not be adequate to the increasing incidence of the problem.
Topics: Female; Humans; Obesity, Morbid; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications
PubMed: 23042093
DOI: 10.1097/GCO.0b013e32835a316b