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Journal of the American Dental... May 1979
Topics: Dental Caries; Fluorides; Humans; Mouthwashes
PubMed: 285980
DOI: 10.14219/jada.archive.1979.0127 -
Supportive Care in Cancer : Official... Dec 2018This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of propolis mouthwash in cancer patients with therapy-induced oral mucositis. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
PURPOSE
This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of propolis mouthwash in cancer patients with therapy-induced oral mucositis.
METHODS
This was a systematic review of randomized control trails (RCTs). We searched ten electronic databases for studies published prior to April 06, 2017. The included RCTs were published in English and Chinese. The Jadad score was used to evaluate the quality of the articles identified. Two reviewers independently evaluated each of the studies. The data were entered into Review Manager (RevMan) 5.3 software and checked for accuracy. Outcome incidence analysis was performed using odds ratios (ORs).
RESULTS
Of the 352 articles identified, five potentially relevant articles met our inclusion criteria. These 5 RCTs included a total of 209 participants. The Jadad score for methodological quality was 3.60 ± 0.55. No obvious publication bias was noted. The incidence of severe oral mucositis was significantly lower in the propolis group than in the control group (OR = 0.35, p = 0. 003). The corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) was 0.18 to 0.70. Between-study heterogeneity was low (I = 0.000, p = 0.45). No side effects were reported.
CONCLUSIONS
Propolis mouthwash is effective and safe in the treatment of severe oral mucositis. To maintain propolis safety, propolis usage should occur under the supervision of medical staff and health professionals. Future multi-center studies and a clinical protocol are needed to confirm the current findings regarding the efficacy and safety of propolis mouthwash.
Topics: Humans; Mouthwashes; Neoplasms; Propolis; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Stomatitis
PubMed: 30022350
DOI: 10.1007/s00520-018-4344-5 -
Journal of Pediatric Oncology Nursing :... 2011The aim of this literature review was to evaluate the effectiveness of chlorhexidine mouthwash as an intervention in children receiving chemotherapy, with a focus on... (Review)
Review
The aim of this literature review was to evaluate the effectiveness of chlorhexidine mouthwash as an intervention in children receiving chemotherapy, with a focus on randomized clinical trials. A literature search was performed between 1980 and 2010. The control groups consisted of placebo, no intervention, or another intervention group. Oral mucositis was scored by either the World Health Organization scale or modified Oral Assessment Guide. The review of literature included 5 studies fulfilling the inclusion criteria, in which chlorhexidine was evaluated and 4 studies showed a significant preventive effect on the development or severity of oral mucositis; the remaining study showed no benefit of using chlorhexidine mouthwash when compared with the placebo group. Ultimately, it can be suggested from the data presented here that chlorhexidine may play a part in reducing oral mucosal damage during chemotherapy for children with cancer, possibly due to a reduction in oral microflora and plaque.
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Child; Chlorhexidine; Humans; Mouthwashes; Neoplasms; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Stomatitis; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 21821553
DOI: 10.1177/1043454211408103 -
Scientific Reports Feb 2024Periodontitis is known to be associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and gargling with mouthwash is known to reduce the incidence of periodontitis by inhibiting...
Periodontitis is known to be associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and gargling with mouthwash is known to reduce the incidence of periodontitis by inhibiting periodontal pathogens. However, the effects of mouthwash on oral and systemic conditions in patients with T2DM remain unknown. In this study, we investigated the effects of gargling with mouthwash on the number of red complex species, including Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, and Tannerella forsythia, and HbA1c levels in patients with T2DM. Patients were instructed to gargle with water for 6 months, followed by gargling with mouthwash containing chlorhexidine gluconate for the subsequent 6 months. At each clinic visit, saliva was collected and bacterial DNA was extracted to detect red complex species using the polymerase chain reaction technique. The HbA1c level was determined using a blood sample. The number of red complex species significantly decreased in younger or male patients who gargled with mouthwash. Furthermore, HbA1c levels significantly decreased in younger patients or patients with higher HbA1c levels who gargled with mouthwash. These results suggest that gargling with mouthwash reduces the number of red complex species and improves the hyperglycemic status in patients with T2DM, especially younger patients.
Topics: Humans; Male; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Mouthwashes; Glycated Hemoglobin; Glycemic Control; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Periodontitis
PubMed: 38307981
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53213-x -
Mutation Research. Reviews in Mutation... Oct 2017Black salves are escharotic skin cancer therapies in clinical use since the mid 19th century. Sanguinaria canadensis, a major ingredient of black salve formulations,... (Review)
Review
Black salves are escharotic skin cancer therapies in clinical use since the mid 19th century. Sanguinaria canadensis, a major ingredient of black salve formulations, contains a number of bioactive phytochemicals including the alkaloid sanguinarine. Despite its prolonged history of clinical use, conflicting experimental results have prevented the carcinogenic potential of sanguinarine from being definitively determined. Sanguinarine has a molecular structure similar to known polyaromatic hydrocarbon carcinogens and is a DNA intercalator. Sanguinarine also generates oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress resulting in the unfolded protein response and the formation of 8-hydroxyguanine genetic lesions. Sanguinarine has been the subject of contradictory in vitro and in vivo genotoxicity and murine carcinogenesis test results that have delayed its carcinogenic classification. Despite this, epidemiological studies have linked mouthwash that contains sanguinarine with the development of oral leukoplakia. Sanguinarine is also proposed as an aetiological agent in gallbladder carcinoma. This literature review investigates the carcinogenic potential of sanguinarine. Reasons for contradictory genotoxicity and carcinogenesis results are explored, knowledge gaps identified and a strategy for determining the carcinogenic potential of sanguinarine especialy relating to black salve are discussed. As patients continue to apply black salve, especially to skin regions suffering from field cancerization and skin malignancies, an understanding of the genotoxic and carcinogenic potential of sanguinarine is of urgent clinical relevance.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Mouthwashes; Ointments; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Sanguinaria; Skin Diseases
PubMed: 29173498
DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2017.09.001 -
Intensive & Critical Care Nursing Feb 2024
Topics: Humans; Chlorhexidine; Mouthwashes; Halitosis
PubMed: 37875047
DOI: 10.1016/j.iccn.2023.103563 -
International Journal of Dental Hygiene Feb 2024A meta-analytic review was performed to critically synthesize the evidence of oil pulling on improving the parameters of gingival health, plaque control and bacteria... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVES
A meta-analytic review was performed to critically synthesize the evidence of oil pulling on improving the parameters of gingival health, plaque control and bacteria counts against chlorhexidine and other mouthwash or oral hygiene practices.
METHODS
Databases including Medline, Embase and bibliographies were searched from inception to 1 April 2023. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with 7 days or longer duration of oil pulling with edible oils in comparison to chlorhexidine or other mouthwashes or oral hygiene practice concerning the parameters of plaque index scores (PI), gingival index scores (GI), modified gingival index scores (MGI) and bacteria counts were included. Cochrane's Risk of Bias (ROB) tool and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) framework were employed to determine the quality of evidence. Two authors independently conducted study selection and data extraction. Meta-analyses of the effect of oil pulling on the parameters were conducted using an inverse-variance random-effects model.
RESULTS
Twenty-five trials involving 1184 participants were included. Twenty-one trials comparing oil pulling (n = 535) to chlorhexidine (n = 286) and non-chlorhexidine intervention (n = 205) were pooled for meta-analysis. More than half of the trials (n = 17) involved participants with no reported oral health issues. The duration of intervention ranged from 7 to 45 days, with half of the trials using sesame oil. When compared to non-chlorhexidine mouthwash interventions, oil pulling clinically and significantly improved MGI scores (Standardized mean difference, SMD = -1.14; 95% confidence interval [CI]: -1.31, -0.97). Chlorhexidine was more effective in reducing the PI scores compared to oil pulling, with an SMD of 0.33 (95% CI: 0.17, 0.49). The overall quality of the body of evidence was very low.
CONCLUSIONS
There was a probable benefit of oil pulling in improving gingival health. Chlorhexidine remained superior in reducing the amount of plaque, compared to oil pulling. However, there was very low certainty in the evidence albeit the clinically beneficial effect of oil pulling intervention.
Topics: Humans; Mouthwashes; Chlorhexidine; Oral Health; Oral Hygiene; Dental Plaque; Oils
PubMed: 37635453
DOI: 10.1111/idh.12725 -
The Lancet. Infectious Diseases Jun 2021
Topics: Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Double-Blind Method; Gonorrhea; Humans; Mouthwashes; Neisseria gonorrhoeae
PubMed: 34051184
DOI: 10.1016/S1473-3099(21)00195-X -
Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, and Oral... Apr 1991Various adverse reactions including anaphylactic shock have already been reported after the topical application of chlorhexidine. This article reports for the first time... (Review)
Review
Various adverse reactions including anaphylactic shock have already been reported after the topical application of chlorhexidine. This article reports for the first time a hypersensitivity reaction in the form of fixed drug eruption after the use of a mouthwash containing chlorhexidine. This report should bring an increased awareness of the possibility of systemic hypersensitivity reaction to chlorhexidine in a previously sensitized person. The report also will add fixed drug eruption to the list of skin hypersensitivity reactions caused by chlorhexidine.
Topics: Chlorhexidine; Drug Eruptions; Female; Foot Dermatoses; Hand Dermatoses; Humans; Middle Aged; Mouthwashes; Placebos
PubMed: 1828872
DOI: 10.1016/0030-4220(91)90424-b -
Journal of Materials Chemistry. B Oct 2021Dental plaque biofilms are believed to be one of the principal virulence factors in periodontitis resulting in tooth loss. Traditional mouthwashes are limited due to the...
Dental plaque biofilms are believed to be one of the principal virulence factors in periodontitis resulting in tooth loss. Traditional mouthwashes are limited due to the continuous flow of saliva and poor drug penetration ability in the biofilm. Herein, we fabricated an antibiotic delivery platform based on natural polysaccharides (chitosan and cyclodextrin) as a novel mouthwash for the topical cavity delivery of minocycline. The penetration and residence mechanisms demonstrate that the platform can prolong the residence time up to 12 h on biofilms. Furthermore, sustained release can enhance the penetration of drugs into biofilms. antibiofilm experimental results indicated that the mouthwash effectively kills bacteria and eradicate biofilms. Effective treatment was confirmed by the significantly reduced dental plaque and alleviated inflammation observed in a rat periodontitis model. In summary, this novel platform can improve antibiofilm efficiency and prevent drugs from being washed away by saliva, which may provide benefits for many oral infectious diseases.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Biofilms; Chitosan; Cyclodextrins; Dental Plaque; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Mouthwashes; Periodontitis; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley
PubMed: 34622266
DOI: 10.1039/d1tb01742j