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Ocular Immunology and Inflammation Apr 2017Masquerade syndromes present to uveitis clinics due to the appearance of inflammatory signs and chronic symptoms that are not responsive to conventional treatment. They... (Review)
Review
Masquerade syndromes present to uveitis clinics due to the appearance of inflammatory signs and chronic symptoms that are not responsive to conventional treatment. They are frequently misdiagnosed and treated as refractory inflammatory conditions, which delays appropriate diagnosis and management. This review of literature focuses on the commonly encountered masquerade syndromes and discusses the role of multimodal imaging in addressing these complex clinical presentations. We review the conventional imaging techniques for these patients and discuss emerging technological advances that may help in establishing a diagnosis. We present cases highlighting the utility of multimodal imaging in identifying the etiology.
Topics: Chronic Disease; Diagnosis, Differential; Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological; Eye Neoplasms; Humans; Inflammation; Multimodal Imaging; Uveitis
PubMed: 28414612
DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2017.1296165 -
Ocular Immunology and Inflammation Jun 2017Anterior uveitis is the most common group of uveitis worldwide, with a diverse spectrum ranging from autoimmune and infectious to masquerade etiologies. Elucidation of... (Review)
Review
Anterior uveitis is the most common group of uveitis worldwide, with a diverse spectrum ranging from autoimmune and infectious to masquerade etiologies. Elucidation of the underlying etiology may be challenging, but it remains important, especially for recurrent uveitis. Multimodal imaging has improved our understanding and management of many posterior uveitis and panuveitis. Similarly, a wide variety of anterior segment ophthalmic imaging techniques are available to allow the monitoring of the structural changes that may develop during anterior uveitis. These include anterior segment photography, specular microscopy, in vivo confocal microscopy, anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT), ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM), laser flare photometry, and less commonly used techniques such as anterior segment fluorescein and indocyanine green angiography, iris autofluorescence, and infrared imaging. This review recapitulates the past and recent application of these ophthalmic imaging modalities to the diagnosis and management of anterior uveitis.
Topics: Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological; Fluorescein Angiography; Humans; Microscopy, Acoustic; Multimodal Imaging; Optical Imaging; Tomography, Optical Coherence; Uveitis, Anterior
PubMed: 28696173
DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2017.1327601 -
Journal of the American Society For... Dec 2020Imaging mass spectrometry has become a mature molecular mapping technology that is used for molecular discovery in many medical and biological systems. While powerful by... (Review)
Review
Imaging mass spectrometry has become a mature molecular mapping technology that is used for molecular discovery in many medical and biological systems. While powerful by itself, imaging mass spectrometry can be complemented by the addition of other orthogonal, chemically informative imaging technologies to maximize the information gained from a single experiment and enable deeper understanding of biological processes. Within this review, we describe MALDI, SIMS, and DESI imaging mass spectrometric technologies and how these have been integrated with other analytical modalities such as microscopy, transcriptomics, spectroscopy, and electrochemistry in a field termed multimodal imaging. We explore the future of this field and discuss forthcoming developments that will bring new insights to help unravel the molecular complexities of biological systems, from single cells to functional tissue structures and organs.
Topics: Animals; Electrochemical Techniques; Gene Expression Profiling; Humans; Mass Spectrometry; Microscopy; Multimodal Imaging; Spectrophotometry, Infrared; Spectrum Analysis, Raman; Transcriptome
PubMed: 32886506
DOI: 10.1021/jasms.0c00232 -
Philosophical Transactions. Series A,... Nov 2017Molecular imaging, where the location of molecules or nanoscale constructs can be tracked in the body to report on disease or biochemical processes, is rapidly expanding... (Review)
Review
Molecular imaging, where the location of molecules or nanoscale constructs can be tracked in the body to report on disease or biochemical processes, is rapidly expanding to include combined modality or multimodal imaging. No single imaging technique can offer the optimum combination of properties (e.g. resolution, sensitivity, cost, availability). The rapid technological advances in hardware to scan patients, and software to process and fuse images, are pushing the boundaries of novel medical imaging approaches, and hand-in-hand with this is the requirement for advanced and specific multimodal imaging agents. These agents can be detected using a selection from radioisotope, magnetic resonance and optical imaging, among others. Nanoparticles offer great scope in this area as they lend themselves, via facile modification procedures, to act as multifunctional constructs. They have relevance as therapeutics and drug delivery agents that can be tracked by molecular imaging techniques with the particular development of applications in optically guided surgery and as radiosensitizers. There has been a huge amount of research work to produce nanoconstructs for imaging, and the parameters for successful clinical translation and validation of therapeutic applications are now becoming much better understood. It is an exciting time of progress for these agents as their potential is closer to being realized with translation into the clinic. The coming 5-10 years will be critical, as we will see if the predicted improvement in clinical outcomes becomes a reality. Some of the latest advances in combination modality agents are selected and the progression pathway to clinical trials analysed.This article is part of the themed issue 'Challenges for chemistry in molecular imaging'.
Topics: Animals; Contrast Media; Drug Design; Fluorescent Dyes; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Molecular Imaging; Multimodal Imaging; Nanoparticles; Nanotechnology; Optical Imaging; Positron-Emission Tomography; Radiopharmaceuticals; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon; Translational Research, Biomedical
PubMed: 29038384
DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2017.0261 -
Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry... 2015Advanced optical imaging technologies have experienced increased visibility in medical research, as they allow for a label-free and nondestructive investigation of... (Review)
Review
Advanced optical imaging technologies have experienced increased visibility in medical research, as they allow for a label-free and nondestructive investigation of tissue in either an excised state or living organisms. In addition to a multitude of ex vivo studies proving the applicability of these optical imaging approaches, a transfer of various modalities toward in vivo diagnosis is currently in progress as well. Furthermore, combining optical imaging techniques, referred to as multimodal imaging, allows for an improved diagnostic reliability due to the complementary nature of retrieved information. In this review, we provide a summary of ongoing multifold efforts in multimodal tissue imaging and focus in particular on in vivo applications for medical diagnosis. We also discuss the advantages and potential limitations of the imaging methods and outline opportunities for future developments.
Topics: Animals; Diagnostic Tests, Routine; Humans; Multimodal Imaging; Neoplasms
PubMed: 26070717
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-071114-040352 -
Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging 2018Molecular imaging has emerged at the end of the last century as an interdisciplinary method involving imaging and molecular biology aiming at identifying living... (Review)
Review
Molecular imaging has emerged at the end of the last century as an interdisciplinary method involving imaging and molecular biology aiming at identifying living biological processes at a cellular and molecular level in a noninvasive manner. It has a profound role in determining disease changes and facilitating drug research and development, thus creating new medical modalities to monitor human health. At present, a variety of different molecular imaging techniques have their advantages, disadvantages, and limitations. In order to overcome these shortcomings, researchers combine two or more detection techniques to create a new imaging mode, such as multimodal molecular imaging, to obtain a better result and more information regarding monitoring, diagnosis, and treatment. In this review, we first describe the classic molecular imaging technology and its key advantages, and then, we offer some of the latest multimodal molecular imaging modes. Finally, we summarize the great challenges, the future development, and the great potential in this field.
Topics: Animals; Diagnosis; Drug Monitoring; Humans; Molecular Imaging; Multimodal Imaging; Therapeutics
PubMed: 29967571
DOI: 10.1155/2018/1382183 -
Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews Sep 2014Molecular imaging non-invasively visualizes and characterizes the biologic functions and mechanisms in living organisms at a molecular level. In recent years, advances... (Review)
Review
Molecular imaging non-invasively visualizes and characterizes the biologic functions and mechanisms in living organisms at a molecular level. In recent years, advances in imaging instruments, imaging probes, assay methods, and quantification techniques have enabled more refined and reliable images for more accurate diagnoses. Multimodal imaging combines two or more imaging modalities into one system to produce details in clinical diagnostic imaging that are more precise than conventional imaging. Multimodal imaging offers complementary advantages: high spatial resolution, soft tissue contrast, and biological information on the molecular level with high sensitivity. However, combining all modalities into a single imaging probe involves problems yet to be solved due to the requirement of high dose contrast agents for a component of imaging modality with low sensitivity. The introduction of targeting moieties into the probes enhances the specific binding of targeted multimodal imaging modalities and selective accumulation of the imaging agents at a disease site to provide more accurate diagnoses. An extensive list of prior reports on the targeted multimodal imaging probes categorized by each modality is presented and discussed. In addition to accurate diagnosis, targeted multimodal imaging agents carrying therapeutic medications make it possible to visualize the theranostic effect and the progress of disease. This will facilitate the development of an imaging-guided therapy, which will widen the application of the targeted multimodal imaging field to experiments in vivo.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Multimodal Imaging; Positron-Emission Tomography; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 25064554
DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2014.07.009 -
Chirurgie (Heidelberg, Germany) Oct 2022The increasing number of cancer cases requires new imaging approaches for intraoperative tumor characterization. (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
The increasing number of cancer cases requires new imaging approaches for intraoperative tumor characterization.
OBJECTIVE
Utilization of new optical/photonic methods in combination with artificial intelligence (AI) approaches to address urgent challenges in clinical pathology in terms of intraoperative computational spectral histopathology.
METHODS
Multimodal nonlinear imaging by combining the spectroscopic methods coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS), two-photon excited autofluorescence (TPEF), fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM), and second harmonic generation (SHG).
RESULTS
By using multimodal spectroscopic imaging, tissue morphochemistry, i.e., its morphology and molecular structure can be visualized in a label-free manner. The multimodal images can be automatically analyzed using AI-based image analysis approaches. For clinical application in terms of frozen section diagnostics or in vivo use, the presented multimodal imaging approach can be translated into a compact microscope or endoscopic probe concepts.
CONCLUSIONS
The synergistic combination of spectroscopic imaging modalities in combination with automated data analysis has great potential for fast and precise tumor diagnostics e.g., in terms of precise surgical guidance in laser or robotic surgery. Overall, intraoperative multimodal spectroscopic imaging may represent an innovative advancement for tumor diagnostics in the future, directly leading to improved patient care and significant cost savings.
Topics: Artificial Intelligence; Humans; Microscopy; Multimodal Imaging; Neoplasms; Spectrum Analysis, Raman
PubMed: 35925143
DOI: 10.1007/s00104-022-01663-2 -
The Quarterly Journal of Nuclear... Mar 2017Preclinical molecular imaging is an emerging field. Improving the ability of scientists to study the molecular basis of human pathology in animals is of the utmost... (Review)
Review
Preclinical molecular imaging is an emerging field. Improving the ability of scientists to study the molecular basis of human pathology in animals is of the utmost importance for future advances in all fields of human medicine. Moreover, the possibility of developing new imaging techniques or of implementing old ones adapted to the clinic is a significant area. Cardiology, neurology, immunology and oncology have all been studied with preclinical molecular imaging. The functional techniques of photoacoustic imaging (PAI), fluorescence molecular tomography (FMT), positron emission tomography (PET), and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) in association with each other or with the anatomic reference provided by computed tomography (CT) as well as with anatomic and functional information provided by magnetic resonance (MR) have all been proficiently applied to animal models of human disease. All the above-mentioned imaging techniques have shown their ability to explore the molecular mechanisms involved in animal models of disease. The clinical translatability of most of the techniques motivates the ongoing study of their possible fields of application. The ability to combine two or more techniques allows obtaining as much information as possible on the molecular processes involved in pathologies, reducing the number of animals necessary in each experiment. Merging molecular probes compatible with various imaging technique will further expand the capability to achieve the best results.
Topics: Animals; Disease; Humans; Multimodal Imaging
PubMed: 27858404
DOI: 10.23736/S1824-4785.16.02943-5 -
Cancer Mar 2015The authors review methods for image-guided diagnosis and therapy that increase precision in the detection, characterization, and localization of many forms of cancer to... (Review)
Review
The authors review methods for image-guided diagnosis and therapy that increase precision in the detection, characterization, and localization of many forms of cancer to achieve optimal target definition and complete resection or ablation. A new model of translational, clinical, image-guided therapy research is presented, and the Advanced Multimodality Image-Guided Operating (AMIGO) suite is described. AMIGO was conceived and designed to allow for the full integration of imaging in cancer diagnosis and treatment. Examples are drawn from over 500 procedures performed on brain, neck, spine, thorax (breast, lung), and pelvis (prostate and gynecologic) areas and are used to describe how they address some of the many challenges of treating brain, prostate, and lung tumors. Cancer 2015;121:817-827. © 2014 American Cancer Society.
Topics: Diagnostic Imaging; Humans; Multimodal Imaging; Neoplasms; Radiography
PubMed: 25204551
DOI: 10.1002/cncr.29012