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Journal of Medical Entomology Jan 2020Stable fly collections were conducted to study the species composition and daytime activity of Stomoxys spp. (Diptera: Muscidae) in Peninsular Thailand (Songkhla, Trang,...
Stable fly collections were conducted to study the species composition and daytime activity of Stomoxys spp. (Diptera: Muscidae) in Peninsular Thailand (Songkhla, Trang, Pattalung, Nakon Si Thammarat, and Satun provinces). Vavoua traps were used for fly collections in wet and dry seasons each year. Four Stomoxys species were found, S. calcitrans (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae) being the most common with 2,512 specimens (87.43% of captures), followed by S. indicus (Picard) (Diptera: Muscidae) with 306 specimens (10.65%), S. sitiens (Rondani) (Diptera: Muscidae) with 44 specimens (1.53%), and S. uruma (Shinonaga and Kano) (Diptera: Muscidae) with 11 specimens (0.39%). Subsequently, Songkhla Province was further selected to be a potential collection site to conduct a 1-yr abundance study, due to mixed crop-livestock farming in one place. Stomoxys calcitrans was predominant from 0800 to 1000 h with 4,921 specimens (93.6%) while S. indicus with 317 specimens (6%) and S. sitiens with 19 specimens (0.4%) were numerically dominant from 0600 to 0800 and 1600 to 1800 h. A proportion of male and female of each species was also established. This overall finding could be used as an ideal for nationwide species distribution status for the guidance of appropriate fly control. This information can lighten the way for the future control measures program activity of stable flies in Thailand.
Topics: Animal Distribution; Animals; Biodiversity; Female; Male; Muscidae; Population Dynamics; Seasons; Species Specificity; Thailand
PubMed: 31349364
DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjz128 -
Large-scale production of house fly, Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae), larvae fed 3 manure types.Journal of Economic Entomology Aug 2023House flies, Musca domestica, L., (Diptera: Muscidae) are well-known pests at animal facilities; however, they can be used for manure biodegradation. Utilizing house...
House flies, Musca domestica, L., (Diptera: Muscidae) are well-known pests at animal facilities; however, they can be used for manure biodegradation. Utilizing house flies to process animal manure offers a means to recycle nutrients and reduce contaminants (e.g., pathogens and heavy metals), while also producing multiple revenue streams (e.g., protein for feed, fat for biodiesel, frass as a soil amendment). This study determined house fly larval performance on a larger scale (kilogram of wastes; thousands of larvae; single feeding) as a follow-up to a previous experiment performed at a bench-top scale (g of wastes; hundreds of larvae; incremental feeding). Four thousand larvae were fed 1 kg of swine, dairy, or poultry manure, or a control (Gainesville diet: 50% wheat bran, 30% alfalfa meal, and 20% corn meal). Peak larval weight occurred 4 days after inoculation and no significant difference in development time to first pupariation occurred across diets. However, percent survivorship to pupariation varied, with the highest occurring in Gainesville (74%), swine (73%), and poultry (67%) manure, whereas 50% survived when fed dairy manure. The highest pupal weight was found for those fed Gainesville (27 mg), and similar weights were found for those fed swine (21 mg), dairy (24 mg), and poultry (25 mg) manure. Although using house flies to manage manure has received little consideration in Western countries, other regions have this practice in place. Results may provide insight on differences between small- and large-scale studies, which is valuable for industrialization of this species for waste management and creating a more circular economy.
Topics: Animals; Swine; Houseflies; Diptera; Muscidae; Larva; Manure; Pupa
PubMed: 37279773
DOI: 10.1093/jee/toad099 -
Zootaxa 2013Here we provide a geographic database for the Muscidae (Insecta: Diptera) that are endemic to Latin America and the Caribbean and non-synanthropic. We summarize the...
Here we provide a geographic database for the Muscidae (Insecta: Diptera) that are endemic to Latin America and the Caribbean and non-synanthropic. We summarize the geographic information provided by specimens from three entomological collections in Brazil (DZUP, MNRJ, and MZUEFS) as well as geographic information we compiled in the literature. The resulting 817 species were linked to their geographic records by country, state/province/department, locality, latitude and longitude, including source reference. When coordinates were not provided in specimens' labels, we used the locality information to search geographic coordinates in online gazetteers. We also separated the species by country for a country-species list. These data comprise 250 years of collections and taxonomic studies of Neotropical Muscidae and we expect that it provides a foundation and serves as guide for future studies of systematics and biogeography of the family.
Topics: Animal Distribution; Animals; Caribbean Region; Checklist; Female; Latin America; Male; Muscidae
PubMed: 25340193
DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3650.1.1 -
Journal of Medical Entomology Nov 2023House fly (Musca domestica L.) (Diptera: Muscidae) populations can negatively impact poultry layer facilities, posing a risk to human and animal health and egg food...
Susceptibility of the adult house fly (Diptera: Muscidae) and 3 of its principal parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) to the GHA strain of Beauveria bassiana and 4 isolates from field-collected muscid flies.
House fly (Musca domestica L.) (Diptera: Muscidae) populations can negatively impact poultry layer facilities, posing a risk to human and animal health and egg food safety. House flies quickly develop resistance to traditional chemical control methods; therefore, improved biological control may provide opportunities for improved integrated pest management (IPM) programs. Biological control methods currently used include augmentative releases of pteromalid pupal parasitoids and application of the fungal entomopathogen Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin. This study used bioassays to compare the impact of different B. bassiana strains on survival of house flies and of 3 species of filth fly parasitoids. The B. bassiana that were compared were 3 new field-collected isolates, an older field-collected isolate (L90), and a common commercially available strain (GHA). Flies and parasitoids were exposed to filter paper treated with 1.5 × 109 spores of each strain and a control. All field-isolated strains induced lower mean survival times in house flies than GHA did. The results for all species of parasitoids demonstrated less difference among the treatment groups and the control than in-house flies. Although there was some effect of B. bassiana exposure on parasitoid mortality, the expected spatial separation of parasitoids from areas of application may offer some protection. Using the most effective tested strains of B. bassiana and filth fly parasitoids jointly could be a biological component of an IPM plan for fly control in poultry facilities.
Topics: Humans; Animals; Muscidae; Hymenoptera; Beauveria; Houseflies; Pest Control, Biological
PubMed: 37643752
DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjad108 -
Experimental Parasitology Nov 2022Housefly, Musca domestica L. (Diptera: Muscidae), is an important insect-pest owing to its disease transmitting capability in both humans and animals e.g. diarrhea,...
Housefly, Musca domestica L. (Diptera: Muscidae), is an important insect-pest owing to its disease transmitting capability in both humans and animals e.g. diarrhea, gastroenteritis diseases, lumpy skin disease, cholera. Residual insecticides are widely used to control houseflies that pose serious threat to human and animal health as well as to the environment. The population resurgence after insecticidal spray is also a common problem in many cases. Transgenerational studies can be very helpful to see the fate of insecticidal sprays. In the current study, we determined transgenerational effects of sublethal doses of diafenthiuron using Age-stage two-sex life table analysis, while focusing on potential use of diafenthiuron in baits. After treating adult flies with three different doses of diafenthiuron viz. LC, LC and LC, the progeny depicted significant changes regarding pre-adult duration (shorter in control), male and female longevity of their progeny were observed (more adult longevity in control). Additionally, population growth parameters viz. intrinsic rate of growth (r) (-0.03-0.12 per day), net reproductive rate (R) (0.50-9.98), limiting rate of growth (λ) (0.96-1.13 per day) were also significantly reduced in the progeny of treated adults. Based on the decreased biotic potential i.e. intrinsic rate of growth and other population parameters, diafenthiuron can be recommended as an effective insecticide even at lower doses.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Cattle; Female; Male; Houseflies; Muscidae; Insecticides; Life Tables
PubMed: 36096191
DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2022.108377 -
Environmental Entomology Apr 2021The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different diets and moisture levels on the life-history parameters of house flies. The experiments were...
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different diets and moisture levels on the life-history parameters of house flies. The experiments were carried out at the Animal Physiology Research Laboratory of Ondokuz Mayıs University in 2019. House fly larvae were reared on three diets (wheat bran, fish meal poultry meal) with 50, 60, 70, 80, and 90% moisture levels. The effects on the life-history parameters were compared with multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). Our results show significant differences in size, weight, survivorship, and development across the diet types, and moisture content tested. In this study, the larval development period was shortest when the moisture content of the poultry meal diet was 50%. Larvae of Musca domestica Linnaeus, 1758 (Diptera: Muscidae) did not develop on any diets at 90% moisture. The wheat bran diet was superior to the other diets for all parameters tested.
Topics: Animals; Diet; Diptera; Houseflies; Larva; Muscidae
PubMed: 33452523
DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvaa174 -
Zootaxa Apr 2020A new species of biting-fly from northern Thailand is described as Haematobosca aberrans sp. nov. (Muscidae). It differs from all known species of Haematobosca by the...
A new species of biting-fly from northern Thailand is described as Haematobosca aberrans sp. nov. (Muscidae). It differs from all known species of Haematobosca by the absence of the anterior katepisternal seta.
Topics: Animal Distribution; Animals; Muscidae; Thailand
PubMed: 33056845
DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4763.4.4 -
Zootaxa Jun 2022A new genus, Chuntiania Xue, gen. nov., including two new species, namely Chuntiania scutiseta Xue, sp. nov. and Chuntiania fuchaooi Xue Yang, sp. nov., is described...
A new genus, Chuntiania Xue, gen. nov., including two new species, namely Chuntiania scutiseta Xue, sp. nov. and Chuntiania fuchaooi Xue Yang, sp. nov., is described from China. A key to the genera of Azeliinae of China is provided, and a morphological comparison diagram of the male cercus of Chuntiania gen. nov. and Potamia Robineau-Desvoidy is added.
Topics: Animals; China; Male; Muscidae
PubMed: 36095613
DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5154.3.11 -
Journal of Medical Entomology Jul 2015Scanning electron microscopy was used to examine the external morphology of first-, second-, and third-instar stable flies (Stomoxys calcitrans (L.)). In the cephalic...
Scanning electron microscopy was used to examine the external morphology of first-, second-, and third-instar stable flies (Stomoxys calcitrans (L.)). In the cephalic region, the antennae, labial lobe, and maxillary palpi are morphologically similar among instars. Antennae comprise a prominent anterior dome that is the primary site of olfaction, while the maxillary palpi are innervated with mechano- and chemosensilla and scolopodia. The ventral organ and facial mask, also located in the pseudocephalon, are not well-developed in first instars, but become progressively more so in the subsequent instars. When the pseudocephalon is partially retracted, anterior spines cusp around the oral ridges of the facial mask. This indicates the anterior spinose band may be used in conjunction with the facial mask in predigestion. Functional anterior spiracles are absent on first instars, but become evident as a pair of palmate spiracular processes with five to seven lobes in second and third instars. A pair of Keilin's organs, functioning as hygroreceptors, is located on each thoracic segment. Abdominal segments are marked with ventral creeping welts, the anal pad, anus, papillae, and posterior spiracles. Ventral creeping welts are thought to aid in locomotion, while the anal pad acts as an osmoregulatory structure. Posterior spiracles are modified from round spiracular discs with two straight slits in the first instar to triangular discs with two and three sinuous slits in the second and third instars, respectively.
Topics: Animals; Larva; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Muscidae; Sensilla
PubMed: 26335469
DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjv052 -
Scientific Reports Sep 2021Antennae and maxillary palps are the most important chemical reception organs of flies. So far, the morphology of antennae and maxillary palps of flies of most feeding...
Antennae and maxillary palps are the most important chemical reception organs of flies. So far, the morphology of antennae and maxillary palps of flies of most feeding habits have been well described, except for that of relatively rare aquatic predatory species. This study describes sensilla on antennae and maxillary palps of three aquatic predatory Lispe species: Lispe longicollis, L. orientalis and L. pygmaea. Types, distribution, and density of sensilla are characterised via light and scanning electron microscopy. One type of mechanoreceptors is found on antennal scape. Mechanoreceptors (two subtypes) and one single pedicellar button (in L. pygmaea) are located on antennal pedicel. Four types of sensilla are discovered on antennal postpedicel: trichoid sensilla, basiconic sensilla (three subtypes), coeloconic sensilla and clavate sensilla. A unique character of these Lispe species is that the coeloconic sensilla are distributed sparsely on antennal postpedicel. Mechanoreceptors and basiconic sensilla are observed on the surface of maxillary palps in all three species. We demonstrated clear sexual dimorphism of the maxillary palps in some of the Lispe species, unlike most other Muscidae species, are larger in males than females. This, along with their courtship dance behaviour, suggest their function as both chemical signal receiver and visual signal conveyer, which is among the few records of a chemical reception organ act as a signal conveyer in insects.
Topics: Animals; Female; Male; Mechanoreceptors; Muscidae; Sensilla; Sex Characteristics
PubMed: 34526584
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97677-7