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Radiographics : a Review Publication of... 2004Eponyms and colloquial terms are labels that provide two kinds of information: the pattern of a complex injury or pathologic problem and, in the case of an eponym, the... (Review)
Review
Eponyms and colloquial terms are labels that provide two kinds of information: the pattern of a complex injury or pathologic problem and, in the case of an eponym, the name of an individual who has been closely identified with the pathologic problem. Such terms remind us that the medicine of today is not entirely the work of our contemporaries. The article illustrates many of the common colloquial terms applied to fractures and musculoskeletal injuries seen in everyday practice. Wherever possible, the illustrations and definitions are based on the original descriptions of the injuries.
Topics: Accidents, Occupational; Adult; Child; Child, Preschool; Cumulative Trauma Disorders; Female; Fractures, Bone; Humans; Infant; Language; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Musculoskeletal Diseases; Musculoskeletal System; Radiography; Terminology as Topic; Wounds and Injuries
PubMed: 15256625
DOI: 10.1148/rg.244045015 -
Veterinary Journal (London, England :... Jul 2015Private-practice racetrack veterinarians in southern California recorded non-fatal injuries meeting defined criteria in Thoroughbreds for 1 year. Injury incidence was...
Private-practice racetrack veterinarians in southern California recorded non-fatal injuries meeting defined criteria in Thoroughbreds for 1 year. Injury incidence was 2.29 injury events per 100 horse-months, which was lower than other studies where trainer reported injury data were collected. Of 477 injuries recorded, 344 (72.1%) were acute and 133 (27.9%) were chronic. Fractures were common (47.6% of injuries), with stress fractures accounting for 14% of injuries. Superficial digital flexor tendonitis and suspensory ligament desmitis accounted for 15.3 and 11.5% of injuries, respectively. Agreement between non-fatal injuries recorded in the current study and those recorded via an existing regulatory system (Equine Injury Database) was poor, with neither system capturing all injuries. Non-fatal injuries occurred 17-29 times more often than fatal injuries. Non-fatal musculoskeletal injury remains an ongoing issue for Thoroughbred racehorses, and an accurate, comprehensive system for recording these injuries is needed.
Topics: Animals; California; Female; Horses; Incidence; Male; Musculoskeletal System; Sports; Wounds and Injuries
PubMed: 26026349
DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2015.04.001 -
Journal of Strength and Conditioning... Jul 2012Injuries are a major impacting factor for a military organization. Injuries may be the result of direct combat, or noncombat, and may be incurred during deployment,... (Review)
Review
Injuries are a major impacting factor for a military organization. Injuries may be the result of direct combat, or noncombat, and may be incurred during deployment, other military operations and training. The impact of injuries is the loss of manpower (e.g., lost duty days), medical costs for treatment, and the influence that an injury may have on an individual's quality of life. To address this issue, it is essential to understand the types of injuries that are occurring, and the mechanisms responsible for those injuries, to develop strategies to reduce injury incidence and to allocate the resources required for rehabilitation to return the individual to duty. This article will review the most common medical injury being incurred by our present warfighter; namely, musculoskeletal injuries (MSIs). The number, types, and causal mechanisms of MSIs will be reviewed. Risk factors for MSIs will be identified and the various interventions being used to prevent or mitigate the severity of MSIs will be discussed. Lastly, the programs that have been developed within the U.S. Department of Defense and the U.S. Army for the assessment, care, and rehabilitation of the most severe MSIs incurred while deployed will be described.
Topics: Bone and Bones; Female; Humans; Incidence; Male; Military Personnel; Muscle, Skeletal; Risk Factors; Severity of Illness Index; Wounds and Injuries
PubMed: 22728983
DOI: 10.1097/JSC.0b013e31825cf03b -
BMC Medicine Apr 2011The rapidly increasing number of activity-induced musculoskeletal injuries among adolescents and young adults is currently a true public health burden. The objective of... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Neuromuscular training with injury prevention counselling to decrease the risk of acute musculoskeletal injury in young men during military service: a population-based, randomised study.
BACKGROUND
The rapidly increasing number of activity-induced musculoskeletal injuries among adolescents and young adults is currently a true public health burden. The objective of this study was to investigate whether a neuromuscular training programme with injury prevention counselling is effective in preventing acute musculoskeletal injuries in young men during military service.
METHODS
The trial design was a population-based, randomised study. Two successive cohorts of male conscripts in four companies of one brigade in the Finnish Defence Forces were first followed prospectively for one 6-month term to determine the baseline incidence of injury. After this period, two new successive cohorts in the same four companies were randomised into two groups and followed prospectively for 6 months. Military service is compulsory for about 90% of 19-year-old Finnish men annually, who comprised the cohort in this study. This randomised, controlled trial included 968 conscripts comprising 501 conscripts in the intervention group and 467 conscripts in the control group. A neuromuscular training programme was used to enhance conscripts' motor skills and body control, and an educational injury prevention programme was used to increase knowledge and awareness of acute musculoskeletal injuries. The main outcome measures were acute injuries of the lower and upper limbs.
RESULTS
In the intervention groups, the risk for acute ankle injury decreased significantly compared to control groups (adjusted hazards ratio (HR) = 0.34, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) = 0.15 to 0.78, P = 0.011). This risk decline was observed in conscripts with low as well as moderate to high baseline fitness levels. In the latter group of conscripts, the risk of upper-extremity injuries also decreased significantly (adjusted HR = 0.37, 95% CI 0.14 to 0.99, P = 0.047). In addition, the intervention groups tended to have less time loss due to injuries (adjusted HR = 0.55, 95% CI 0.29 to 1.04).
CONCLUSIONS
A neuromuscular training and injury prevention counselling programme was effective in preventing acute ankle and upper-extremity injuries in young male army conscripts. A similar programme could be useful for all young individuals by initiating a regular exercise routine.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier number NCT00595816.
Topics: Education, Medical; Exercise; Finland; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Incidence; Male; Military Personnel; Musculoskeletal Diseases; Prospective Studies; Teaching; Wounds and Injuries; Young Adult
PubMed: 21481230
DOI: 10.1186/1741-7015-9-35 -
The Journal of the American Academy of... May 2011Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a well-characterized anxiety disorder that may occur after exposure to a traumatic event. Research is ongoing to document... (Review)
Review
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a well-characterized anxiety disorder that may occur after exposure to a traumatic event. Research is ongoing to document neuroanatomic, neuroendocrine, and genetic correlates to the behavioral phenotype. PTSD occurs in 20% to 51% of patients with musculoskeletal injury. Orthopaedic outcomes, including return to work, activities of daily living, patient perception of physical recovery, and objective physical parameters, suffer considerably in patients with PTSD. There are several ways by which treating orthopaedic surgeons can recognize at-risk patients and help prevent the development of PTSD. Should prevention prove unsuccessful, effective treatment strategies exist, as well. Research is needed to investigate whether a correlation exists between successful management of the psychiatric manifestations of PTSD and improved physical outcomes.
Topics: Humans; Musculoskeletal System; Orthopedic Procedures; Prevalence; Risk Factors; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic; Treatment Outcome; Wounds and Injuries
PubMed: 21536623
DOI: 10.5435/00124635-201105000-00001 -
Clinical Orthopaedics and Related... Apr 2019
Topics: Humans; Military Medicine; Musculoskeletal Diseases; Orthopedic Procedures; Prognosis; Warfare; Wounds and Injuries
PubMed: 30839316
DOI: 10.1097/CORR.0000000000000695 -
American Family Physician May 2001Bicycle riding is a popular form of recreation among persons of all ages, and related injuries cause significant morbidity and mortality. Most injuries occur in males... (Review)
Review
Bicycle riding is a popular form of recreation among persons of all ages, and related injuries cause significant morbidity and mortality. Most injuries occur in males and are associated with riding at high speed; most serious injuries and fatalities result from collisions with motor vehicles. Although superficial soft tissue injuries and musculoskeletal trauma are the most common injuries, head injuries are responsible for most fatalities and long-term disabilities. Overuse injuries may contribute to a variety of musculoskeletal complaints, compression neuropathies, perineal and genital complaints. Physicians treating such patients should consider medical factors, as well as suggest adjusting various components of the bicycle, such as the seat height and handlebars. Encouraging bicycle riders to wear helmets is key to preventing injuries; protective clothing and equipment, and general safety advice also may offer some protection.
Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Age Distribution; Bicycling; Child; Chronic Disease; Ergonomics; Family Practice; Female; Head Protective Devices; Health Education; Humans; Incidence; Information Services; Male; Primary Prevention; Risk Factors; Sex Distribution; United States; Wounds and Injuries
PubMed: 11388717
DOI: No ID Found -
Medicine and Science in Sports and... Feb 2022This study aimed to identify characteristics and movement-based tests that predict upper quadrant musculoskeletal injury (UQI) in military personnel over a 12-month... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
PURPOSE
This study aimed to identify characteristics and movement-based tests that predict upper quadrant musculoskeletal injury (UQI) in military personnel over a 12-month follow-up.
METHODS
A prospective observational cohort study of military members (n = 494; 91.9% male) was conducted. Baseline predictors associated with UQI were gathered through surveys and movement-based tests. Survey data included demographic information, injury history, and biosocial factors. Movement-based tests include the following: Y Balance Tests (YBT), Functional Movement Screen, Selective Functional Movement Assessment lumbar multisegmental mobility, modified-modified Schober, side bridge, ankle mobility, modified Sorensen, and passive lumbar extension. Self-reported UQI was collected through monthly online surveys, and 87% completed the follow-up. Univariate associations were determined between potential predictors and UQI. A forward, stepwise logistic regression model was used to identify the best combination of predictors for UQI.
RESULTS
Twenty-seven had UQI. Univariate associations existed with three demographic (smoking, >1 previous UQI, baseline upper quadrant function ≤90%), three pain-related (Selective Functional Movement Assessment rotation, side bridge, hurdle step), and six movement-based variables (YBT upper quarter (UQ) superolateral worst score ≤57.75 cm, YBT-UQ composite worst score ≤81.1%, failed shoulder clearance, Sorenson <72.14 s, in-line lunge total score <15, and in-line lunge asymmetry >1). Smoking, baseline upper quadrant function ≤90%, and YBT-UQ composite score ≤81.1% predicted UQI in the logistic regression while controlling for age and sex. Presenting two or more predictors resulted in good specificity (85.6%; odds ratio, 4.8; 95% confidence interval, 2.2-10.8), and at least one predictor resulted in 81.5% sensitivity (odds ratio, 3.2; 95% confidence interval, 1.2-8.7).
CONCLUSIONS
A modifiable movement-based test (YBT-UQ), perceived upper limb function, and smoking predicted UQI. A specific (two or more) and sensitive (at least one predictor) model could identify persons at higher risk.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Clinical Decision Rules; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Logistic Models; Male; Middle Aged; Military Personnel; Movement; Muscle Strength; Physical Fitness; Prospective Studies; Range of Motion, Articular; Risk Factors; Sensitivity and Specificity; Smoking; Upper Extremity; Wounds and Injuries; Young Adult
PubMed: 34559726
DOI: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000002789 -
Clinics in Geriatric Medicine Aug 1993Elderly individuals not only live longer but are also more active than in the past. Accompanying this increase in activity is the number of older trauma victims. The... (Review)
Review
Elderly individuals not only live longer but are also more active than in the past. Accompanying this increase in activity is the number of older trauma victims. The effect of aging on response to injury is reviewed, and the initial evaluation and treatment of geriatric trauma are delineated in this article. Specific injuries of note include head and chest wall injury; pulmonary and cardiac contusion; abdominal trauma; and aortic, spinal, and musculoskeletal injury.
Topics: Abdominal Injuries; Aged; Arm Injuries; Craniocerebral Trauma; Humans; Leg Injuries; Spinal Injuries; Thoracic Injuries; Wounds and Injuries
PubMed: 8374860
DOI: No ID Found -
The Veterinary Clinics of North... Dec 2018Distal limb wounds in horses heal substantially different than trunk wounds, commonly resulting in exuberant granulation tissue and exposed and sequestered bone.... (Review)
Review
Distal limb wounds in horses heal substantially different than trunk wounds, commonly resulting in exuberant granulation tissue and exposed and sequestered bone. Surgical intervention of severe rectovaginal lacerations in the mare should be delayed until the tissues have heeled and scar tissue has remodeled. Wounds resulting in severe hemorrhage require appropriate emergent fluid therapy and potentially transfusion therapy.
Topics: Animals; Extremities; Granulation Tissue; Horse Diseases; Horses; Wound Healing; Wounds and Injuries
PubMed: 30447768
DOI: 10.1016/j.cveq.2018.07.003