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Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious... Apr 2014We present the case of a native Texan who was diagnosed with tuberculoid leprosy and later developed a cutaneous infection with M. haemophilum following iatrogenic...
We present the case of a native Texan who was diagnosed with tuberculoid leprosy and later developed a cutaneous infection with M. haemophilum following iatrogenic immunosuppression. To our knowledge, there are no such reports of M. haemophilum and M. leprae infection occurring simultaneously in the same host.
Topics: Adult; Coinfection; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Leprosy, Tuberculoid; Microscopy; Mycobacterium Infections; Mycobacterium haemophilum; Mycobacterium leprae; Skin; Skin Diseases, Bacterial
PubMed: 24439137
DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2013.09.003 -
The Journal of Dermatology Sep 2019
Topics: Adult; Biopsy; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Graft Rejection; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Immunosuppression Therapy; Kidney Transplantation; Mycobacterium Infections; Mycobacterium haemophilum; Skin; Skin Diseases, Bacterial; Sweet Syndrome
PubMed: 30938462
DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.14864 -
Cutis Oct 2019Mycobacterium haemophilum is a nontuberculous organism that commonly manifests as cutaneous lesions and subcutaneous nodules in immunosuppressed adults. Because M...
Mycobacterium haemophilum is a nontuberculous organism that commonly manifests as cutaneous lesions and subcutaneous nodules in immunosuppressed adults. Because M haemophilum infection is rare, the epidemiology, reservoir, and mode of transmission remain largely unknown. Infection presents a challenge to the dermatology community because it is infrequently suspected and commonly misidentified, resulting in delayed diagnosis. We discuss 3 cases of cutaneous M haemophilum infection to better understand clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management.
Topics: Aged; Female; Humans; Male; Mycobacterium Infections; Mycobacterium haemophilum; Skin Diseases, Bacterial; Upper Extremity
PubMed: 31774883
DOI: No ID Found -
Nephrology (Carlton, Vic.) Apr 2014Mycobacterium haemophilum is a rare isolate of non-tuberculous Mycobacterium which has been reported to affect immunocompromised patients. We report a case of a...
Mycobacterium haemophilum is a rare isolate of non-tuberculous Mycobacterium which has been reported to affect immunocompromised patients. We report a case of a 32-year-old renal transplant patient with M. haemophilum infection initially involving his left sinus which was treated with appropriate antimicrobial therapy for thirteen months. Two weeks after cessation of antibiotics the infection rapidly recurred in his skin and soft tissues of his hands and feet. This case highlights the difficult diagnostic and therapeutic implications of atypical infections in transplant patients. To our knowledge this is the first reported case of relapsed M. haemophilum infection in a renal transplant recipient.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Kidney Transplantation; Male; Mycobacterium Infections; Mycobacterium haemophilum; Postoperative Complications; Recurrence
PubMed: 24460607
DOI: 10.1111/nep.12193 -
The Journal of Dermatology May 2024
PubMed: 38801177
DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.17273 -
Clinical Infectious Diseases : An... Aug 2001Mycobacterium haemophilum, a recently described pathogen, can cause an array of symptoms in immunocompromised patients. To date, 90 patients with this infection have...
Mycobacterium haemophilum, a recently described pathogen, can cause an array of symptoms in immunocompromised patients. To date, 90 patients with this infection have been described worldwide. We report our institution's experience with 23 patients who were treated from 1990 through 2000. Fourteen patients had undergone bone marrow transplantation, 5 were infected with human immunodeficiency virus, 3 had hematologic malignancies, and 1 had no known underlying immunosuppression. Clinical syndromes on presentation included skin lesions alone in 13 patients, arthritis or osteomyelitis in 4 patients, and lung disease in 6 patients. Although patients with skin or joint involvement had favorable outcomes, 5 of 7 patients with lung infection died. Prolonged courses of multidrug therapy are required for treatment. A diagnosis of M. haemophilum infection must be considered for any immunocompromised patient for whom acid-fast bacilli are identified in a cutaneous, synovial fluid or respiratory sample or for whom granulomas are identified in any pathological specimen.
Topics: Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Female; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Male; Middle Aged; Mycobacterium Infections; Mycobacterium haemophilum; Opportunistic Infections; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 11438898
DOI: 10.1086/321894 -
Dermatology Online Journal Sep 2017A 61-year-old immunosuppressed renal transplant patient with inflammatory bowel disease presented with tender pink nodules on the trunk and extremities. An initial...
A 61-year-old immunosuppressed renal transplant patient with inflammatory bowel disease presented with tender pink nodules on the trunk and extremities. An initial biopsy was suggestive of metastatic Crohn disease, but after disease persistence, a second biopsy revealed disseminated Mycobacterium haemophilum. Atypical mycobacterial infections should be considered in immunosuppressed patients. This case highlights the complexities of diagnosing such infections in patients with an underlying granulomatous condition and the particular growth requirements of M. haemophilum.
Topics: Crohn Disease; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Immunosuppressive Agents; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Kidney Transplantation; Middle Aged; Mycobacterium Infections; Mycobacterium haemophilum; Opportunistic Infections
PubMed: 29469723
DOI: No ID Found -
IDCases 2020is a slow growing acid-fast bacillus (AFB) in the nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) group. typically causes cervicofacial lymphadenitis in children, cutaneous...
is a slow growing acid-fast bacillus (AFB) in the nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) group. typically causes cervicofacial lymphadenitis in children, cutaneous diseases, septic arthritis and osteomyelitis. However, it rarely causes isolated spinal cord disease. We report the first case, to our knowledge, of isolated intramedullary spinal lesions secondary to . This case involved a patient with newly diagnosed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). He developed significant immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) during his treatment. should be on the differential for isolated intramedullary spinal lesions, particularly in immunocompromised patients. Given our patient's severe IRIS, patients with HIV and infection should be closely monitored for IRIS and treated aggressively. In high risk circumstances such as spinal disease in patients with HIV, clinicians should consider pre-emptive treatment for IRIS.
PubMed: 32226763
DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2019.e00674 -
Emerging Infectious Diseases Sep 2019Mycobacterium haemophilum is a nontuberculous mycobacterium that can infect immunocompromised patients. Because of special conditions required for its culture, this...
Mycobacterium haemophilum is a nontuberculous mycobacterium that can infect immunocompromised patients. Because of special conditions required for its culture, this bacterium is rarely reported and there are scarce data for long-term outcomes. We conducted a retrospective study at Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand, during January 2012-September 2017. We studied 21 patients for which HIV infection was the most common concurrent condition. The most common organ involvement was skin and soft tissue (60%). Combination therapy with macrolides and fluoroquinolones resulted in a 60% cure rate for cutaneous infection; adding rifampin as a third drug for more severe cases resulted in modest (66%) cure rate. Efficacy of medical therapy in cutaneous, musculoskeletal, and ocular diseases was 80%, 50%, and 50%, respectively. All patients with central nervous system involvement showed treatment failures. Infections with M. haemophilum in HIV-infected patients were more likely to have central nervous system involvement and tended to have disseminated infections and less favorable outcomes.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cohort Studies; Female; HIV Infections; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Male; Middle Aged; Mycobacterium Infections; Mycobacterium haemophilum; Retrospective Studies; Thailand; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 31441427
DOI: 10.3201/eid2509.190430 -
JMM Case Reports Dec 2014is one of the non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) that can cause cutaneous infection. As acid-fast staining cannot distinguish NTM from , and as skin culture for is not...
INTRODUCTION
is one of the non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) that can cause cutaneous infection. As acid-fast staining cannot distinguish NTM from , and as skin culture for is not performed routinely, the diagnosis of infection in Thailand is rarely made.
CASE PRESENTATION
Between 2006 and 2009, five patients with infection were diagnosed in Ramathibodi Hospital, a tertiary care centre in Bangkok, Thailand. The patients were aged 3, 29, 47, 75 and 76 years, and four were immunocompromised. Three patients received immunosuppressive medication. Most patients presented with subacute cutaneous infection. A suboptimal response to conventional antibiotics raised suspicions of cutaneous infections, which can occur in immunocompromised patients. Diagnoses of these cases were made by skin culture for mycobacteria at an incubating temperature of around 30 °C with iron supplementation, DNA sequencing, or PCR/restriction enzyme analysis. Rifampicin, ofloxacin and clarithromycin were active against all isolates, whereas ethambutol and streptomycin were inactive.
CONCLUSION
Skin culture should be performed under special conditions or molecular technique should be used to identify in susceptible patients.
PubMed: 28663805
DOI: 10.1099/jmmcr.0.002618