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Cancer Cell Nov 2023Increasing evidence suggests that tumors harbor diverse microbiomes, adding complexity to the tumor microenvironment. In this issue of Cancer Cell, Liu et al. highlight...
Increasing evidence suggests that tumors harbor diverse microbiomes, adding complexity to the tumor microenvironment. In this issue of Cancer Cell, Liu et al. highlight the role of the intratumor mycobiome, specifically Aspergillus sydowii, in promoting lung adenocarcinoma progression. A. sydowii enhances the recruitment and activation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells via IL-1β signaling driven by the β-glucan-mediated Dectin-1/CARD9 pathway.
Topics: Humans; Mycobiome; Signal Transduction; beta-Glucans; Adenocarcinoma of Lung; Bacteria; Tumor Microenvironment
PubMed: 37774700
DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2023.09.002 -
Current Allergy and Asthma Reports Sep 2018The evolution of molecular-based methods over the last two decades has provided new approaches to identify and characterize fungal communities or "mycobiomes" at... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
The evolution of molecular-based methods over the last two decades has provided new approaches to identify and characterize fungal communities or "mycobiomes" at resolutions previously not possible using traditional hazard identification methods. The recent focus on fungal community assemblages within indoor environments has provided renewed insight into overlooked sources of fungal exposure. In occupational studies, internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region sequencing has recently been utilized in a variety of environments ranging from indoor office buildings to agricultural commodity and harvesting operations.
RECENT FINDINGS
Fungal communities identified in occupational environments have been primarily placed in the phylum Ascomycota and included classes typically identified using traditional fungal exposure methods such as the Eurotiomycetes, Dothideomycetes, Sordariomycetes, and Saccharomycetes. The phylum Basidiomycota has also been reported to be more prevalent than previously estimated and ITS region sequences have been primarily derived from the classes Agaricomycetes and Ustilaginomycetes. These studies have also resolved sequences placed in the Basidiomycota classes Tremellomycetes and Exobasidiomycetes that include environmental and endogenous yeast species. These collective datasets have shown that occupational fungal exposures include a much broader diversity of fungi than once thought. Although the clinical implications for occupational allergy are an emerging field of research, establishing the mycobiome in occupational environments will be critical for future studies to determine the complete spectrum of worker exposures to fungal bioaerosols and their impact on worker health.
Topics: Air Pollutants; DNA, Intergenic; Fungi; Humans; Mycobiome; Occupational Exposure; Workplace
PubMed: 30259186
DOI: 10.1007/s11882-018-0818-2 -
FEMS Microbiology Reviews Jul 2017The human body is home to a complex and diverse microbial ecosystem that plays a central role in host health. This includes a diversity of fungal species that is... (Review)
Review
The human body is home to a complex and diverse microbial ecosystem that plays a central role in host health. This includes a diversity of fungal species that is collectively referred to as our 'mycobiome'. Although research into the mycobiome is still in its infancy, its potential role in human disease is increasingly recognised. Here we review the existing literature available on the human mycobiota with an emphasis on the gut mycobiome, including how fungi interact with the human host and other microbes. In doing so, we provide a comprehensive critique of the methodologies available to research the human mycobiota as well as highlighting the latest research findings from mycological surveys of different groups of interest including infants, obese and inflammatory bowel disease cohorts. This in turn provides new insights and directions for future studies in this burgeoning research area.
Topics: Fungi; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Host-Pathogen Interactions; Humans; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases; Mycobiome; Obesity
PubMed: 28430946
DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuw047 -
Advances in Nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) Mar 2024The human gut microbiota is composed of bacteria (microbiota or microbiome), fungi (mycobiome), viruses, and archaea, but most of the research is primarily focused on... (Review)
Review
The human gut microbiota is composed of bacteria (microbiota or microbiome), fungi (mycobiome), viruses, and archaea, but most of the research is primarily focused on the bacterial component of this ecosystem. Besides bacteria, fungi have been shown to play a role in host health and physiologic functions. However, studies on mycobiota composition during infancy, the factors that might shape infant gut mycobiota, and implications to child health and development are limited. In this review, we discuss the factors likely shaping gut mycobiota, interkingdom interactions, and associations with child health outcomes and highlight the gaps in our current knowledge of this ecosystem.
Topics: Child; Humans; Mycobiome; Child Health; Microbiota; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Bacteria; Fungi
PubMed: 38311313
DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100185 -
Nature Reviews. Microbiology Dec 2022
Topics: Humans; Mycobiome; Fungi; Microbiota; Neoplasms
PubMed: 36241720
DOI: 10.1038/s41579-022-00816-8 -
Microbes and Infection 2023The present cross-sectional study aims to understand the fungal community composition of the nasopharyngeal region of SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals and how the...
The present cross-sectional study aims to understand the fungal community composition of the nasopharyngeal region of SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals and how the infection influences the mycobiome therein. The infection significantly (p < 0.05) influenced the alpha diversity. Interestingly, a higher abundance of Cladosporium and Alternaria was noted in the infected individuals and inter-individual variation in mycobiome composition was well supported by beta dispersion analysis (p < 0.05). Moreover, decrease in Aspergillus abundance was observed in infected patients across the four age groups. This study provides insight into the alteration in mycobiome during the viral disease progression and demands continuous investigation to monitor fungal infections.
Topics: Humans; Mycobiome; SARS-CoV-2; Fungi; Cross-Sectional Studies; COVID-19
PubMed: 36241143
DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2022.105059 -
Nature Reviews. Gastroenterology &... Feb 2022
Topics: Feces; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Mycobiome; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
PubMed: 35017674
DOI: 10.1038/s41575-022-00576-z -
Hua Xi Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi = Huaxi... Jun 2019The proportion of mycobiome is less than 1% of human microbiome. However, fungal community plays a key role in human health and diseases. With high-throughput sequencing...
The proportion of mycobiome is less than 1% of human microbiome. However, fungal community plays a key role in human health and diseases. With high-throughput sequencing applications, the structure and composition of mycobiome in the mouth, lung, gut, vagina, and skin have been analyzed, and the role of microbiome in diseases has been investigated. Mycobiome also influences the composition of bacteriome and includes key species that maintain the structure and function of microbial communities. Fungi also influence host immune responses. In this review, we summarized the mycobiome com-position at various sites and different diseases and the interactions between fungi-bacteria and fungi-host.
Topics: Bacteria; Disease; Female; Fungi; Humans; Microbiota; Mouth; Mycobiome
PubMed: 31218869
DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2019.03.017 -
Cancer Cell Feb 2022In this issue of Cancer Cell, Aftab et al. identify a pro-inflammatory cytokine, IL-33, that is released as a chemoattractant for type 2 immune cells in response to the...
In this issue of Cancer Cell, Aftab et al. identify a pro-inflammatory cytokine, IL-33, that is released as a chemoattractant for type 2 immune cells in response to the intratumoral mycobiome. Depletion of fungi or deletion of IL-33 in cancer cells significantly decreases pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) tumor progression and increases survival.
Topics: Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal; Humans; Mycobiome; Pancreatic Neoplasms
PubMed: 35167821
DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2022.01.009 -
Cells Apr 2022Bacteria, as well as eukaryotes, principally fungi, of the upper respiratory tract play key roles in the etiopathogenesis of respiratory diseases, whereas the potential... (Review)
Review
Bacteria, as well as eukaryotes, principally fungi, of the upper respiratory tract play key roles in the etiopathogenesis of respiratory diseases, whereas the potential role of archaea remains poorly understood. In this review, we discuss the contribution of all three domains of cellular life to human naso- and oropharyngeal microbiomes, i.e., bacterial microbiota, eukaryotes (mostly fungi), as well as the archaeome and their relation to respiratory and atopic disorders in infancy and adolescence. With this review, we aim to summarize state-of-the-art contributions to the field published in the last decade. In particular, we intend to build bridges between basic and clinical science.
Topics: Archaea; Asthma; Bacteria; Child; Eukaryota; Fungi; Humans; Microbiota; Mycobiome
PubMed: 35455967
DOI: 10.3390/cells11081287