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Hematology (Amsterdam, Netherlands) Dec 2023Myeloid sarcoma (MS) is a very rare hematologic disorder. This study analyzes the early treatment options for patients with different types of MS and explores the...
BACKGROUND
Myeloid sarcoma (MS) is a very rare hematologic disorder. This study analyzes the early treatment options for patients with different types of MS and explores the prognostic factors of MS.
METHODS
Patients aged 15 years and older with MS in the SEER database (diagnosed from 2000 to 2018) were selected, excluding those with an unknown first course of treatment, an unknown location of disease, and less than 1 month of follow-up. Statistical methods used a chi-square test to compare clinical characteristics; Kaplan-Meier analysis to compare survival differences; and Cox proportional risk models to identify prognostic factors affecting overall survival (OS).
RESULTS
Data were collected from 472 patients: 244 patients with isolated myeloid sarcoma (IMS) and 228 patients with non-isolated myeloid sarcoma (non-IMS). IMS patients mostly chose local treatment, while non-IMS patients mostly chose chemotherapy. There was a significant difference in OS between IMS patients treated with combined treatment and those without treatment. For non-IMS, treated patients had longer OS than untreated, but the difference was not statistically significant. Among adult patients, those younger than 60 years had a better prognosis. Patients with the urinary system, digestive system, reproductive system and chest and abdomen as the initial site had a better prognosis.
CONCLUSIONS
Early combination therapy in IMS patients had a longer OS, and chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy/surgery should be the treatment of choice. For non-IMS patients, early combination therapy did not show a significant advantage. Age and location of first presentation were independent factors affecting MS patients' long-term prognosis.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Sarcoma, Myeloid; Prognosis; Combined Modality Therapy; Databases, Factual; Kaplan-Meier Estimate
PubMed: 37594298
DOI: 10.1080/16078454.2023.2247898 -
ANZ Journal of Surgery May 2022
Topics: Fasciitis, Necrotizing; Humans; Sarcoma, Myeloid
PubMed: 34605135
DOI: 10.1111/ans.17254 -
Journal of Pediatric Hematology/oncology Oct 2011Myeloid sarcomas are rare extramedullary tumors composed of immature myeloid cells. Most cases are seen in childhood acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). They can develop... (Review)
Review
Myeloid sarcomas are rare extramedullary tumors composed of immature myeloid cells. Most cases are seen in childhood acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). They can develop at many sites, but cardiac involvement is a rare finding. We report the case of a 24-year-old woman who, after being in remission from AML for 10 years, developed an isolated cardiac myeloid sarcoma.
Topics: Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplantation; Echocardiography; Fatal Outcome; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Heart Neoplasms; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Remission Induction; Sarcoma, Myeloid; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Young Adult
PubMed: 21941137
DOI: 10.1097/MPH.0b013e3182329b6b -
British Journal of Haematology Sep 2023
Observational Study
Topics: Humans; Sarcoma, Myeloid; Retrospective Studies; Prognosis; Sarcoma
PubMed: 37403204
DOI: 10.1111/bjh.18961 -
Annales de Dermatologie Et de... Nov 2020Cutaneous myeloid sarcoma is a rare extramedullary tumour of immature myeloid cells. It is most often associated with acute myeloid leukaemia, and more rarely with...
INTRODUCTION
Cutaneous myeloid sarcoma is a rare extramedullary tumour of immature myeloid cells. It is most often associated with acute myeloid leukaemia, and more rarely with myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative disease.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
Herein we report a case of cutaneous myeloid sarcoma associated with myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative disease in an 84-year-old man with a diffuse purple papular and nodular rash. The disease course was marked by a spontaneous and total regression for two months. Given the patient's age and general condition, chemotherapy could not be given.
DISCUSSION
Cutaneous myeloid sarcoma is rare. It is often associated with acute myeloid leukaemia, and more rarely with myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative disease, but it can occur in isolation. Diagnosis is particularly difficult and is based a consistent body of clinical and histological evidence. Spontaneous regression is very rare and involves immunological mechanisms that are still incompletely understood. Recurrence occurs within a variable time frame and is often associated with transformation to acute myeloid leukaemia if this was not already present at the time of diagnosis.
CONCLUSION
Herein we report an extremely rare case of spontaneous regression of cutaneous myeloid sarcoma associated with myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative disease.
Topics: Aged, 80 and over; Humans; Male; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Remission, Spontaneous; Sarcoma, Myeloid; Skin; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 32854968
DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2020.07.006 -
British Journal of Haematology Jul 2019
Topics: Adolescent; Female; Heart Neoplasms; Humans; Sarcoma, Myeloid; Tachycardia, Sinus
PubMed: 31069785
DOI: 10.1111/bjh.15945 -
Hematology/oncology and Stem Cell... Sep 2018Myeloid sarcoma is an extramedullary tumor that consists of myeloblasts or immature myeloid cells. The neoplasm can occur in any part of the body, including the bone,...
Myeloid sarcoma is an extramedullary tumor that consists of myeloblasts or immature myeloid cells. The neoplasm can occur in any part of the body, including the bone, periosteum, lymph nodes, skin, and soft tissue and they may occur de novo or in association with acute myeloid leukemia, myeloproliferative neoplasms and myelodysplastic syndromes. Most cases display a myelomonocytic or pure monoblastic morphology. Tumors with megakaryoblastic differentiation are extremely uncommon and may occur in association with transformation of a myeloproliferative disorder. Myeloid sarcoma presenting as a breast mass is very rare and diagnostically challenging. We report a case of myeloid sarcoma with megakaryoblastic differentiation in the breast of a patient with history of essential thrombocythemia. The mass was composed of undifferentiated pleomorphic malignant cells in trabecular cords and nests with many scattered giant malignant cells and brisk abnormal mitoses. On immunohistochemistry, the neoplastic cells were positive for CD61, CD31, CD34, Factor VIII and CD43 which confirmed the diagnosis. To our knowledge, this is the first report of myeloid sarcoma with megakaryoblastic morphology occurring in the breast. Here we discuss the clinicopathologic features of this rare entity and the challenges involved in making this difficult diagnosis.
Topics: Antigens, Differentiation; Breast Neoplasms; Cell Differentiation; Female; Humans; Megakaryocyte Progenitor Cells; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Proteins; Sarcoma, Myeloid
PubMed: 29684340
DOI: 10.1016/j.hemonc.2018.03.001 -
BMC Women's Health Mar 2023To describe myeloid sarcoma (MS) that mimic gynecological tumors and provide guidelines for improving the diagnosis and treatment of patients.
OBJECTIVE
To describe myeloid sarcoma (MS) that mimic gynecological tumors and provide guidelines for improving the diagnosis and treatment of patients.
METHODS
This case series study retrospectively analyzed the clinicopathological characteristics and oncological outcomes of female patients who were histologically diagnosed with MS after initially presenting with reproductive-system tumors at the Peking Union Medical College Hospital between January 2000 and March 2022.
RESULTS
There were eight cases in which MS mimicked cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, or hysteromyoma. Six patients had isolated MS, and the other two had acute myeloid leukemia (AML)-M2. The average age was 39.00 ± 14.26. They each sought advice from a gynecological oncologist at the initial visit, complaining of irregular bleeding (3/8), low abdominal pain (3/8), dysmenorrhea (1/8), or an accidentally found mass (1/8). CT/MRI exams revealed that the average tumor size reached 5.65 ± 2.35 cm, with 50% of the tumors being larger than 8 cm. The final diagnoses were confirmed by biopsy (2/8) or postoperative pathology (6/8); the most frequent positive immunohistochemical markers were Ki-67 (60-90%), MPO (100%), LCA (62.5%), CD43 (62.5%), CD117 (62.5%), CD99 (50%), vimentin (37.5%), and lysozyme (25%). MLL/AF9 gene fusions and CEBPA, JAK2, NRAS, and FLT3-TKD mutations were found in the patients. Six (75%) of the patients showed a complete response after upfront treatment using chemotherapy + surgery and experienced no recurrence during follow-up. The overall survival (OS) rate was 72.9%, and the 5-year OS rate was 72.9% (95%CI: 0.4056-1.000). The median OS was 26 months (range: 3-82).
CONCLUSION
For patients with isolated MS, treatment by chemotherapy and surgery are radical procedure, and initial treatment using chemotherapy alone should be considered for MS with synchronous intramedullary AML. Poor response to chemotherapy, short interval to leukemia occurrence, and heavy tumor burden (> 10 cm) could indicate a poor prognosis for patients with MS.
Topics: Humans; Female; Young Adult; Adult; Middle Aged; Sarcoma, Myeloid; Retrospective Studies; Genital Neoplasms, Female; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute; Survival Rate; Prognosis
PubMed: 36978050
DOI: 10.1186/s12905-023-02278-3 -
South Dakota Medicine : the Journal of... Jul 2020Extramedullary myeloid sarcomas are extramedullary tumors of immature myeloid cells, often associated with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML),...
Extramedullary myeloid sarcomas are extramedullary tumors of immature myeloid cells, often associated with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), or other myeloproliferative diseases. They are usually found in connective/soft tissues, skin, breast and gastrointestinal system. Pancreas is an uncommon site to be involved. We present a case of pancreatic myeloid sarcoma presenting with symptoms of acute pancreatitis including epigastric pain associated with nausea and vomiting, with imaging findings (abdominal CT) suggestive of pancreatic carcinoma, both presenting as hypoattenuating mass. It is important to consider myeloid sarcoma as a differential for pancreatic mass, especially given the history of AML as in our patient, which would lead to timely diagnosis and initiation of chemotherapy.
Topics: Acute Disease; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Pancreatitis; Sarcoma, Myeloid
PubMed: 32805779
DOI: No ID Found -
Head and Neck Pathology Jun 2017A 21 year old Active Duty Marine presented with acute onset of diffuse lymphadenopathy and B-symptoms. Biopsy was conducted which demonstrated myeloid sarcoma. Myeloid...
A 21 year old Active Duty Marine presented with acute onset of diffuse lymphadenopathy and B-symptoms. Biopsy was conducted which demonstrated myeloid sarcoma. Myeloid sarcoma is diagnostic for AML but is only present in 2-8 % of patients with AML. Our article presents a classic presentation and histologic appearance and discusses the current status of the literature.
Topics: Humans; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute; Lymphadenopathy; Male; Sarcoma, Myeloid; Young Adult
PubMed: 27395055
DOI: 10.1007/s12105-016-0742-5