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Pathology Oct 2019
Review
Topics: Adult; Cytogenetics; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Immunophenotyping; Myoepithelioma; Vulva; Vulvar Neoplasms
PubMed: 31470996
DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2019.06.004 -
The Journal of Obstetrics and... Jul 2022Myoepithelioma-like tumors of the vulvar region (MELTVR) is a kind of solid tumor newly recognized in recent years, which is characterized by mesenchymal tumors of adult... (Review)
Review
Myoepithelioma-like tumors of the vulvar region (MELTVR) is a kind of solid tumor newly recognized in recent years, which is characterized by mesenchymal tumors of adult female vulva. The histopathology is similar to myoepithelioma, but the immunohistochemical phenotype and genetic changes are different from myoepithelioma. It usually has clear boundary and partial capsule, mixed with two forms of cells (epithelioid and spindle), the cells are mild, the nucleoli are clear, mitoses are rare, some cases have myxoid differentiation. In this article, a case of MELTVR diagnosed in our hospital is discussed. The patient was a 43-year-old female who finds a neoplasm in the pubic tubercle 4 months ago. Local resection was performed. Pathological examination showed that the boundary of the tumor was clear with partial capsule. The cells were arranged in cords or nests, and partially infiltrated the surrounding adipocytes. The tumor cells had two morphologies, epithelioid or spindle shaped. The spindle type cells were dominant, with bright cytoplasm, obvious nucleoli, rare nuclear mitosis (about 1/10HPF), and no necrosis was observed. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for vimentin, epithelial membrane antigen, estrogen receptor, progestogen receptor, calponin and were partially positive for cathepsin k. INI1/SMARCB1 expression was deficient. There was no recurrence or metastasis during the 8-month-long follow-up. The unique feature of this case was that the site of the disease was not the vulva, but in front of the pubic tubercle, there was no large amount of mucus production, and the cytoplasm of most tumor cells was transparent. Due to our limited knowledge of MELTVR, its pathogenesis and tissue origin are not clear. Clinicians should be aware of such potential patients.
Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Myoepithelioma; Receptors, Estrogen; Vulvar Neoplasms
PubMed: 35581677
DOI: 10.1111/jog.15286 -
Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery May 2022Endotracheal tumors are rare in the respiratory system. Myoepitheliomas are benign tumors, which are rarely reported in the respiratory system. Herein, we report a rare... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Endotracheal tumors are rare in the respiratory system. Myoepitheliomas are benign tumors, which are rarely reported in the respiratory system. Herein, we report a rare case of endotracheal myoepithelioma, which was resected by rigid bronchoscopy.
CASE PRESENTATION
A 36-year-old man, presenting with chest pain, dyspnea, stridor, and hemoptysis, was referred to our center with radiological features of near-total tracheal obstruction due to mass. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy with argon plasma coagulation and rigid bronchoscopy with grasper forceps was utilized to resect the mass. Pathological evaluation of the mass demonstrated myoepithelioma. The patient was discharged in good condition. Now, after 6 months, the patient is symptom-free with no evidence of tumor recurrence or re-growth.
CONCLUSIONS
Despite being extremely rare, myoepithelioma should be considered a possible differential diagnosis for endotracheal tumors. Fiberoptic and rigid bronchoscopy management is an effective method for the resection of endotracheal tumors.
Topics: Adult; Airway Obstruction; Bronchoscopy; Humans; Male; Myoepithelioma; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Trachea
PubMed: 35606819
DOI: 10.1186/s13019-022-01880-0 -
Neurology India 2019Intracranial myoepithelial tumors are extremely rare with <10 cases reported outside the sellar region. The authors describe a case of a 43-year-old male patient who... (Review)
Review
Intracranial myoepithelial tumors are extremely rare with <10 cases reported outside the sellar region. The authors describe a case of a 43-year-old male patient who presented with headache, numbness in the face, and a dumbbell-shaped lesion in the Meckel's cave clinically and radiologically suggestive of a Schwannoma. The histopathological and immunohistochemical evaluation led to a diagnosis of myoepithelioma. A review of literature reveals that this is only the ninth case of intracranial myoepithelial tumor reported, fifth benign case, and the first to be reported in the Meckel's cave region.
Topics: Adult; Brain Neoplasms; Humans; Male; Myoepithelioma
PubMed: 31744974
DOI: 10.4103/0028-3886.271273 -
Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral... May 2005Soft tissue myoepitheliomas, in contrast to salivary gland myoepitheliomas, are benign neoplasms that typically occur in the soft tissues of the extremities. Both are... (Review)
Review
Soft tissue myoepitheliomas, in contrast to salivary gland myoepitheliomas, are benign neoplasms that typically occur in the soft tissues of the extremities. Both are characterized by a multilobular proliferation of polygonal to fusiform cells embedded in a variably myxoid to chondromyxoid matrix. A histologically similar lesion that has a marked predilection for the anterior dorsum of the tongue has been referred to as ectomesenchymal chondromyxoid tumor. The morphological and immunohistochemical resemblance of soft tissue myoepitheliomas to ectomesenchymal chondromyxoid tumors has led to the use of these designations interchangeably. We present a case of myoepithelioma of the tongue and review the literature, with emphasis on the differential diagnosis and histogenesis of this lesion and pertinent nosologic considerations.
Topics: Adult; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Membrane Proteins; Myoepithelioma; S100 Proteins; Tongue Neoplasms
PubMed: 15829881
DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2004.12.016 -
The Journal of International Advanced... Aug 2020Parachordoma is a rare soft tissue mixed tumor, associated with soft tissue myoepithelioma. It is typically growing slowly and considered less aggressive than other...
Parachordoma is a rare soft tissue mixed tumor, associated with soft tissue myoepithelioma. It is typically growing slowly and considered less aggressive than other similar soft tissue tumors. However, it does recur sporadically, and on rare occasions, it has demonstrated the ability to metastasize. Although imaging is important, definitive diagnosis is achieved by histology, and it is typically treated by a wide local excision. We present the first reported case of a skull base parachordoma in a 15-year-old boy, managed with a wide local excision and with no signs of recurrence or metastases after 24 months of follow-up.
Topics: Adolescent; Chordoma; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Male; Myoepithelioma; Skull Base; Skull Base Neoplasms; Soft Tissue Neoplasms; Temporal Bone
PubMed: 32147599
DOI: 10.5152/iao.2020.7203 -
Pathology International Jun 1999A myoepithelioma occurred in the subcutaneous tissue of the right shoulder of a 28-year-old man. The well-demarcated nodular tumor (3. 0 x 2.8 cm) was located in the... (Review)
Review
A myoepithelioma occurred in the subcutaneous tissue of the right shoulder of a 28-year-old man. The well-demarcated nodular tumor (3. 0 x 2.8 cm) was located in the subcutaneous tissue with no adhesion to the deltoid muscle. The tumor was composed of a fascicular proliferation of spindle cells with variable amounts of stroma and showed areas of sheets of epithelioid cells. In most areas, the tumor cells had uniform nuclei, but pleomorphic epithelioid cells were focally present. Mitotic activity was three per 10 high-power fields. No ductular structure was found throughout the tumor. Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies confirmed the myoepithelial origin of the tumor cells. The occurrence of myoepithelioma in the subcutaneous tissue has been rarely reported. Even though the tumor showed no aggressive behavior on the 2-year follow-up, it is still too early to comment definitely on the behav- ior of myoepithelioma of the subcutaneous tissue. This case provides further information about soft tissue myoepithelioma.
Topics: Adult; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Biomarkers, Tumor; Diagnosis, Differential; Epithelioid Cells; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Leiomyosarcoma; Male; Myoepithelioma; Shoulder; Soft Tissue Neoplasms
PubMed: 10469403
DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1827.1999.00912.x -
Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive... 2020A 59-year-old woman presented with a 4-year history of a progressively growing, subcutaneous, painless, left lower eyelid mass with associated swelling and discomfort....
A 59-year-old woman presented with a 4-year history of a progressively growing, subcutaneous, painless, left lower eyelid mass with associated swelling and discomfort. Excisional biopsy established the diagnosis of a myoepithelioma, a tumor which, to the authors' knowledge, has not been previously reported in the lower eyelid.
Topics: Biopsy; Eyelids; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Myoepithelioma
PubMed: 31868789
DOI: 10.1097/IOP.0000000000001571 -
Ultrastructural Pathology 1995Due to their infrequency and multiplicity of histopathology, myoepitheliomas present difficulties in diagnosis and classification. Cellular varieties can be misdiagnosed... (Review)
Review
Due to their infrequency and multiplicity of histopathology, myoepitheliomas present difficulties in diagnosis and classification. Cellular varieties can be misdiagnosed as malignancies. Improvements in and clarification of diagnostic criteria are, therefore, required. A key to determining diagnostic criteria for myoepitheliomas is to study cellular morphology, cytoplasmic filament expression, and ultrastructural features of the nonluminal, i.e., neoplastic myoepithelial/basal, tumor cells of pleomorphic adenomas, and apply this information to defining myoepitheliomas. Cytologic and growth patterns of nonluminal cells in pleomorphic adenomas, including plasma-cytoid cells, are reflected in myoepitheliomas. Results also indicate that muscle-specific actin and myofilaments are expressed only in a proportion of cases, and generally in not more than 60-70% of nonluminal cells in pleomorphic adenoma; this also applies to benign and malignant myoepitheliomas. The absence of these markers does not exclude a diagnosis of myoepithelioma. Vimentin and glial acidic fibrillary protein, however, are strongly and diffusely expressed in the majority of pleomorphic adenomas and myoepitheliomas and are more reliable markers for these tumors than muscle-specific actin. Like so many other salivary gland tumors, myoepitheliomas present an equally complex histomorphology and variable expression of antigenic markers, only some of which are associated with myoepithelial and basal cells of the acini and ducts of the normal salivary gland.
Topics: Actins; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Microscopy, Electron; Muscles; Myoepithelioma; Salivary Gland Neoplasms; Salivary Glands
PubMed: 7483010
DOI: 10.3109/01913129509021906 -
Biomedical and Environmental Sciences :... Sep 2022