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Hand Surgery & Rehabilitation Dec 2023Cutaneous myoepithelioma is a rare neoplasm of the skin that has become more widely recognized in recent years despite significant diagnostic pitfalls. It is a benign...
Cutaneous myoepithelioma is a rare neoplasm of the skin that has become more widely recognized in recent years despite significant diagnostic pitfalls. It is a benign neoplasm with a high recurrence rate if not excised radically, and must be distinguished from its malignant counterpart. Few cases have been described so far and, to our knowledge, no cases in the finger of a child exist in the literature. We report the case of a 15 year-old boy affected by a rare form of locally aggressive spindle-cell myoepithelioma, and suggest a new multidisciplinary approach combining surgical excision and custom brachytherapy.
Topics: Male; Child; Humans; Adolescent; Myoepithelioma; Skin Neoplasms; Fingers; Upper Extremity
PubMed: 37714516
DOI: 10.1016/j.hansur.2023.09.001 -
The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery May 2018Myoepitheliomas are extremely rare salivary gland tumors. Myoepithelioma of salivary glands comprised only 1% of all salivary tumors, most commonly occurring in the...
Myoepitheliomas are extremely rare salivary gland tumors. Myoepithelioma of salivary glands comprised only 1% of all salivary tumors, most commonly occurring in the parotid gland followed by the minor salivary glands in the oral cavity. Involvement of the soft palate is a rare occurrence. This tumor is usually benign, and its treatment is total lesion excision. Here, the author reports a case of myoepithelioma of the soft palate in a 42-year-old Turkish man. The mass was removed by local excision under general anesthesia. There was no recurrence during the follow-up period of 10 months.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Male; Mouth Neoplasms; Myoepithelioma; Palate, Soft
PubMed: 29077683
DOI: 10.1097/SCS.0000000000004096 -
Saudi Medical Journal Jun 2005Myoepithelioma is a rare benign tumor. There are controversial subtypes that lack myogenic differentiation. A 2003 literature search listed only 12 cases of... (Review)
Review
Myoepithelioma is a rare benign tumor. There are controversial subtypes that lack myogenic differentiation. A 2003 literature search listed only 12 cases of myoepithelioma of the maxillofacial region. This paper describes one case of pediatric myoepithelioma as an addition to the previously documented cases, and a review of the literature.
Topics: Child; Humans; Male; Myoepithelioma; Palatal Neoplasms
PubMed: 15983693
DOI: No ID Found -
Surgical Pathology Clinics Mar 2021Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma is an uncommon low-grade salivary gland carcinoma. It is classically characterized by biphasic tubular structures composed of inner... (Review)
Review
Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma is an uncommon low-grade salivary gland carcinoma. It is classically characterized by biphasic tubular structures composed of inner eosinophilic ductal cells and outer clear myoepithelial cells. In addition, epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma sometimes shows various histologic features, including a cribriform pattern, basaloid appearance, and sebaceous differentiation. Because clear myoepithelial cells are also noted in other benign and malignant salivary gland tumors, the histologic variety and similarity with other tumor entities make the diagnosis of epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma challenging. A recent analysis revealed that HRAS hotspot point mutations are specifically identified in epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma and the assessment of given genes facilitate the correct diagnosis.
Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Epithelial Cells; Humans; Myoepithelioma; Point Mutation; Prognosis; Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); Salivary Gland Neoplasms
PubMed: 33526226
DOI: 10.1016/j.path.2020.10.002 -
Indian Journal of Pathology &... 2009Myoepitheliomas and mixed tumors involving deep subcutaneous and subfascial soft tissues of limb or limb girdle are rare lesions as against salivary lesions that are...
Myoepitheliomas and mixed tumors involving deep subcutaneous and subfascial soft tissues of limb or limb girdle are rare lesions as against salivary lesions that are well established conditions. Here, we report a 22-year-old female who presented with painful hard swelling in the left gluteal region of 1(1/2) year duration. MRI showed a large ill-defined heterogeneous mass lesion measuring about 7-8 cm. in the left sacral region eroding the left sacroiliac region and left sacroiliac joint. With a clinical diagnosis of chondrosarcoma, the tumor with the surrounding tissue was resected in segments at surgery. Histomorphology revealed nests, sheets and cords of round to spindled cells with extensive squamous metaplasia in a myxoid to fibrous stroma. These cells extensively infiltrated muscle and bone. The tumor cells expressed immunoreactivity for cytokeratin (AE1/AE3) and S-100.
Topics: Adult; Buttocks; Female; Humans; Keratins; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Myoepithelioma; Radiography; Sacroiliac Joint; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 19136797
DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.44983 -
American Journal of Clinical Oncology Apr 2018Myoepithelioma of the soft tissues is a rare entity and little is known about how best to manage locally recurrent and high-grade disease. Here, we retrospectively... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial
BACKGROUND
Myoepithelioma of the soft tissues is a rare entity and little is known about how best to manage locally recurrent and high-grade disease. Here, we retrospectively examined outcomes of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy (RT) for treatment of low-grade and high-grade myoepithelioma of soft tissues.
METHODS
We reviewed 20 cases of myoepithelioma of soft tissues seen at Mayo Clinic between 1994 and 2014. The effect of histologic grade and therapies received on relapse and survival were assessed.
RESULTS
We identified 13 patients with low-grade disease and 7 patients with high-grade disease. We found that low-grade disease was frequently effectively managed with surgical resection alone, whereas high-grade disease frequently metastasized and was often fatal. The 5-year event-free survival was 88% (confidence interval, 46%-98%) for low-grade disease versus 36% (confidence interval, 7%-75%; P=0.04) for high-grade disease. The relapse rate in low-grade disease was 29% at 5 years versus 64% (P=0.04) in high-grade disease. No significant responses to chemotherapy were noted, however, excellent responses to perioperative RT were seen.
CONCLUSIONS
Surgery continues as the primary modality of treatment for myoepithelioma of soft tissues. Our study did not show a clear benefit of chemotherapy in the metastatic disease setting, but supports the use of perioperative RT in the management of high-grade disease; further investigation is warranted.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Myoepithelioma; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Prognosis; Retrospective Studies; Survival Rate; Young Adult
PubMed: 27139621
DOI: 10.1097/COC.0000000000000292 -
The American Journal of Surgical... Mar 2020Myoepithelial tumors of soft tissue are uncommon neoplasms characterized histologically by spindle to epithelioid cells arranged in cords, nests, and/or reticular...
Myoepithelial tumors of soft tissue are uncommon neoplasms characterized histologically by spindle to epithelioid cells arranged in cords, nests, and/or reticular pattern with chondromyxoid to hyaline stroma, and genetically by rearrangement involving EWSR1 (among other less common genes) in about half of the cases. The diagnosis often requires immunostaining to confirm myoepithelial differentiation, most importantly the expression of epithelial markers and S100 protein and/or GFAP. However, there are cases wherein the morphology is reminiscent of myoepithelial tumors, while the immunophenotype falls short. Here, we report 2 highly similar myoepithelioma-like tumors arising in the hands of young adults. Both tumors were well-demarcated and composed of alternating cellular areas with palely eosinophilic hyaline stroma and scattered acellular zones of densely eosinophilic collagen deposition. The tumor cells were mainly epithelioid cells and arranged in cords or small nests. Vacuolated cells encircling hyaline matrix globules were focally prominent. A minor component of nonhyaline fibrous nodular areas composed of bland spindle cells and rich vasculature was also observed. Perivascular concentric spindle cell proliferation and perivascular hyalinization were present in some areas. The tumor cells were positive for CD34 and epithelial membrane antigen (focal) by immunostaining, while largely negative for cytokeratin, S100, GFAP, p63, GLUT1, and claudin-1. By RNA sequencing, a novel OGT-FOXO3 fusion gene was identified in case 1 and confirmed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and fluorescence in situ hybridization in both cases. Sharing the unusual clinicopathologic features and the novel fusion, these 2 cases probably represent a distinct tumor entity, whose relationship with myoepithelial tumors and tumorigenic mechanisms exerted by the OGT-FOXO3 fusion remain to be studied.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Biomarkers, Tumor; Female; Forkhead Box Protein O3; Hand; Humans; Male; Myoepithelioma; N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases; Oncogene Fusion; Soft Tissue Neoplasms
PubMed: 31567281
DOI: 10.1097/PAS.0000000000001380 -
The American Journal of Dermatopathology Dec 2020
Topics: Calcinosis; Child; Humans; Male; Myoepithelioma; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 32769550
DOI: 10.1097/DAD.0000000000001771 -
Journal of Medical Case Reports Sep 2014Soft tissue myoepithelial carcinoma and myoepithelioma are rare entities, part of myoepithelial tumors. They were incorporated into the World Health Organization... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Soft tissue myoepithelial carcinoma and myoepithelioma are rare entities, part of myoepithelial tumors. They were incorporated into the World Health Organization classification of soft tissue tumors in 2002. Here we present an exceptional case of myoepithelial carcinoma and myoepithelioma association. To the best of our knowledge, such an association has never been reported in the literature.
CASE PRESENTATION
We report a case of myoepithelial carcinoma combined with myoepithelioma occurring in the soft tissue of the right forearm of an 84-year-old Arabian man. We describe the clinical, radiological and pathological features dominated by histological polymorphism. We will also describe the proposed histological criteria of malignancy and the major role of immunohistochemistry in positive and differential diagnosis. We finally mention the therapeutic arsenal available.
CONCLUSION
Through this work, we report that myoepithelioma of soft tissue can progress to malignant myoepithelioma.
Topics: Aged, 80 and over; Forearm; Humans; Male; Myoepithelioma; Soft Tissue Neoplasms
PubMed: 25253093
DOI: 10.1186/1752-1947-8-317 -
Auris, Nasus, Larynx Aug 2009Myoepithelioma is a rare salivary tumour which is usually encountered in the parotid gland. Outside the parotid, myoepithelioma may arise from minor salivary glands of... (Review)
Review
Myoepithelioma is a rare salivary tumour which is usually encountered in the parotid gland. Outside the parotid, myoepithelioma may arise from minor salivary glands of the hard palate and less frequently in bronchi or breast. In this report we describe the unique case of a metachronous bilateral nasopharyngeal myoepithelioma arising from the tubaric regions. Its microscopic features, immunophenotype, and the differential diagnosis together with a review of literature are discussed.
Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Immunophenotyping; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Middle Aged; Myoepithelioma; Nasopharynx; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Pharyngeal Neoplasms; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 19117709
DOI: 10.1016/j.anl.2008.10.007