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Survey of Ophthalmology 2022Conjunctival myxoma is an uncommon benign tumor that may develop as a localized disease or as part of the Carney complex, in which case it can cause significant... (Review)
Review
Conjunctival myxoma is an uncommon benign tumor that may develop as a localized disease or as part of the Carney complex, in which case it can cause significant morbidity and mortality. Conjunctival myxomas can mimic other pure or mixed tumors and are often overlooked in clinical practice. Histopathological studies are essential for diagnosis; however, controversy regarding their pathological and immunohistochemical features makes the diagnostic process more difficult. Because of the importance of correctly classifying these conjunctival tumors, as well as recognizing when a systematic screening is required owing to the possible association with life-threatening diseases, we comprehensively evaluate the literature on this rare entity based on a systematic approach.
Topics: Conjunctival Neoplasms; Humans; Myxoma
PubMed: 34461119
DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2021.08.007 -
Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive...Myxomas are a heterogeneous group of mesenchymal tumors. Soft tissue myxomas are divided into myocardial, intramuscular, juxta-articular, superficial, aggressive, and...
Myxomas are a heterogeneous group of mesenchymal tumors. Soft tissue myxomas are divided into myocardial, intramuscular, juxta-articular, superficial, aggressive, and nerve sheath myxomas. Although benign, myxomas have site-specific biologic behavior and syndromic associations, which can influence prognosis and management. In addition, myxomas need to be distinguished from malignant neoplasms, such as myxofibrosarcomas, low-grade fibromyxoid sarcomas, myxoid liposarcomas, and peripheral nerve sheath tumors. While myxomas can occur throughout the body, these tumors arise more commonly in the thigh, shoulder, buttocks, and upper extremity, and less often in the head and neck. Rarely, myxomas can arise in a periocular location, typically in the conjunctiva and eyelid skin. In this case report, we present a patient with recurrent intramuscular myxoma of the eyelid and discuss the differential diagnosis and syndromic associations of this neoplasm. To our knowledge, there have been no prior reports of intramuscular myxoma of the eyelid and orbit.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Myxoma; Fibrosarcoma; Diagnosis, Differential; Nerve Sheath Neoplasms; Eyelids
PubMed: 35793663
DOI: 10.1097/IOP.0000000000002236 -
Anatolian Journal of Cardiology Mar 2017A cardiac myxoma may manifest as miscellaneous and uncharacteristic presentations. These unusual aspects of cardiac myxomas can be rare clinical presentations, special... (Review)
Review
A cardiac myxoma may manifest as miscellaneous and uncharacteristic presentations. These unusual aspects of cardiac myxomas can be rare clinical presentations, special patient populations, unusual locations, and special pathology, which may lead to a delayed diagnosis, improper checkups, and subsequent untimely treatment, eventually resulting in unexpected poor prognosis. Therefore, the diagnosis of cardiac myxomas can be challenging because of these unusual aspects. In order to get a better understanding of a cardiac myxoma and to facilitate an early diagnosis and proper treatment, the unusual aspects of cardiac myxomas are described here.
Topics: Heart Neoplasms; Humans; Myxoma
PubMed: 28321109
DOI: 10.14744/AnatolJCardiol.2017.7557 -
BMJ Case Reports Jan 2023Oral soft-tissue myxomas of the oral cavity have been sparsely cited in the medical literature worldwide. This could be due to other clinically and/or histologically...
Oral soft-tissue myxomas of the oral cavity have been sparsely cited in the medical literature worldwide. This could be due to other clinically and/or histologically similar lesions requiring accurate differential diagnosis by experienced physicians and pathologists. Although myxomas are benign and do not metastasise, they have higher rates of recurrence and deserve proper attention and to be reported as well. Soft-tissue myxomas of the oral cavity are extremely rare and very few cases have been reported in the literature. The article describes a soft-tissue myxoma in a male patient in his 40s and review of published cases.
Topics: Humans; Male; Mouth; Myxoma
PubMed: 36599490
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2022-251035 -
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery Mar 1992The majority of cardiac myxomas occur sporadically as isolated lesions in the left atrium of middle-aged women. However, a "familial" form and a "syndrome" form of this... (Review)
Review
The majority of cardiac myxomas occur sporadically as isolated lesions in the left atrium of middle-aged women. However, a "familial" form and a "syndrome" form of this lesion have been identified. The syndrome myxoma can present with pigmented skin lesions and peripheral or endocrine neoplasms. The familial and syndrome forms of cardiac myxomas can usually be distinguished from the sporadic form by the presentation at a younger age, the unusual location and multicentricity of the lesions, and the presence of rare pathological conditions. In addition, a higher rate of recurrent lesions is usually associated with the familial and syndrome forms of this disease. To date, 15 families with cardiac myxomas have been reported in the world's literature. Here we present 2 additional case reports.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Echocardiography; Female; Heart Atria; Heart Neoplasms; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Myxoma
PubMed: 1540058
DOI: 10.1016/0003-4975(92)90261-2 -
Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine :... Nov 2017Myxoma is the most common tumor in the heart. A typical myxoma is relatively straightforward to diagnose. However, certain cardiac myxomas have rare features. We report... (Review)
Review
Myxoma is the most common tumor in the heart. A typical myxoma is relatively straightforward to diagnose. However, certain cardiac myxomas have rare features. We report three extremely rare cases of cardiac myxoma. One case involved a myxoma that originated from the annulus of the tricuspid after valvuloplasty, one case involved myxomas associated with left atrial thrombus and severe mitral stenosis, and the third case involved myxoma combined with severe calcification. All three cases were diagnosed by echocardiography and pathology. We also review clinical presentations and diagnostic characteristics of cardiac myxomas.
Topics: Aged; Cardiac Surgical Procedures; Echocardiography; Female; Heart; Heart Neoplasms; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Myocardium; Myxoma
PubMed: 28556391
DOI: 10.1002/jum.14264 -
Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral... Feb 2021Myxomas are rare benign mesenchymal soft tissue tumors that seldom affect the head and neck area. The present report describes a rare case of intramuscular myxoma of the... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
Myxomas are rare benign mesenchymal soft tissue tumors that seldom affect the head and neck area. The present report describes a rare case of intramuscular myxoma of the oral cavity and briefly reviews the literature regarding the occurrence of these lesions in the maxillofacial area.
STUDY DESIGN
A 59-year-old patient was referred for the development of a slow-growing tumefaction in the right buccal mucosa in the previous 12 months. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed to characterize the lesion's dimensions and its relationship with the surrounding structures, and it revealed intramuscular localization in correspondence with the medial pterygoid muscle. Incisional biopsy was carried out to aid in the final diagnosis.
RESULTS
Histology revealed the presence of an intramuscular myxoma, characterized by discontinuous margins and locally infiltrating muscular fibers. A second surgery was performed to totally remove the lesion. Follow-up at 6 months did not show any signs of recurrence. A literature search was performed to retrieve data on the incidence of oral intramuscular myxomas.
CONCLUSIONS
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of intramuscular myxoma of the medial pterygoid muscle reported in the literature. Although rarely encountered, intramuscular myxomas should be considered when performing differential diagnoses of soft tissue masses at the level of the masticatory muscles.
Topics: Biopsy; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Middle Aged; Muscle Neoplasms; Myxoma; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local
PubMed: 32499151
DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2020.03.053 -
Medicine Mar 1987Cardiac myxoma is a true intracardiac neoplasm, which is histologically benign but which on occasion may exhibit behavior suggestive of a true malignancy. It is the most... (Review)
Review
Cardiac myxoma is a true intracardiac neoplasm, which is histologically benign but which on occasion may exhibit behavior suggestive of a true malignancy. It is the most common form of primary cardiac tumor, accounting for 50% of such neoplasms. Seventy-five percent of myxomas are found in the left atrium, typically arising from a stalk attached to the area of the foramen ovale. Cardiac myxomas typically present as a triad of obstructive, embolic, and constitutional symptoms and thus mimic many more common systemic illnesses. This report summarizes 9 cases of cardiac myxoma seen at this institution since a previous report in 1972. Four cases with unusual manifestations are high-lighted in the text to illustrate the protean manifestations of this potentially curable illness. Non-invasive cardiac imaging is essential to establish the diagnosis and differentiate myxoma from the other more common illnesses it imitates. Echocardiography is highly accurate for its diagnosis, has proved invaluable for the management of these patients, and is the imaging technique of choice for initial evaluation of patients in whom the diagnosis of cardiac myxoma is suspected.
Topics: Adolescent; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Heart Atria; Heart Neoplasms; Humans; Male; Methods; Middle Aged; Myxoma; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Prognosis
PubMed: 3547010
DOI: 10.1097/00005792-198703000-00003 -
The Journal of Heart Valve Disease Nov 2017Cardiac myxomas are the most common primary tumors of the heart. Although these tumors have been reported in all cardiac chambers, myxomas arising from heart valves are... (Review)
Review
Cardiac myxomas are the most common primary tumors of the heart. Although these tumors have been reported in all cardiac chambers, myxomas arising from heart valves are extremely rare. Here, the details are described of a patient with mitral valve myxoma, and a review is provided of 99 cases reported in the literature. Mitral valve myxomas most often occur in middle-aged patients, with a slight female predominance. Most of the tumors arise in an isolated fashion on the atrial side of the anterior mitral valve leaflet. Embolic events were the most frequent manifestation, followed by obstructive symptoms. Unlike atrial wall myxomas, these tumors have a lower incidence of constitutional manifestations. Tumor resection with valve preservation is the usual method of surgical treatment in isolated tumors, while most patients with multiple valve myxomas underwent valve replacement. Mitral valve myxomas should be considered in the differential diagnosis of mitral valve tumors, with an awareness of a relatively high risk of embolic events. This location should not raise suspicion for a heritable myxoma syndrome. Prompt surgical resection is warranted to reduce complications.
Topics: Aged; Embolism; Female; Heart Neoplasms; Humans; Mitral Valve; Mitral Valve Stenosis; Myxoma; Syncope
PubMed: 30207120
DOI: No ID Found -
Annals of Cardiac Anaesthesia 2021Cardiac myxomas are the most common benign tumors of the heart. They are most commonly found in the left atrium, followed by a right atrium and rarely in the left...
Cardiac myxomas are the most common benign tumors of the heart. They are most commonly found in the left atrium, followed by a right atrium and rarely in the left ventricle. Herein, we report a rare case of left ventricular myxoma in a patient who had twice undergone removal of left atrial myxoma. Complete removal of the tumor through aortotomy, without causing fragmentation led to the uneventful recovery of the patient.
Topics: Heart Atria; Heart Neoplasms; Heart Ventricles; Humans; Myxoma
PubMed: 34747762
DOI: 10.4103/aca.ACA_7_20