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Journal of Cardiac Surgery 2008In surgical series, a majority of benign cardiac tumors are myxomas. Of these, only about 2.5% are biatrial. Only 10 cases have been reported in the last 10 years. We... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
In surgical series, a majority of benign cardiac tumors are myxomas. Of these, only about 2.5% are biatrial. Only 10 cases have been reported in the last 10 years. We present here a successful case in a 51-year-old man. A brief review of the literature is presented to place this case in context.
METHODS
The tumor was removed surgically via a midline sternotomy using cardiopulmonary bypass. Both left and right atrial extensions of the tumor mass were removed. The resection involved the entire septum, with a bovine patch used to reconstruct the atrial septum.
RESULTS
Patient recovered uneventfully. We advised follow-up evaluation using transthoracic echocardiography annually.
CONCLUSIONS
Biatrial myxoma is a very rare condition, with diagnostic challenges, but is amenable to modern surgical approaches.
Topics: Heart Atria; Heart Neoplasms; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Myxoma
PubMed: 18384573
DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-8191.2007.00545.x -
Medical Archives (Sarajevo, Bosnia and... Feb 2021Cardiac myxoma is the most common benign tumor of the heart. It presents with a variety of clinical signs and symptomatology making diagnosis frequently quite a...
BACKGROUND
Cardiac myxoma is the most common benign tumor of the heart. It presents with a variety of clinical signs and symptomatology making diagnosis frequently quite a challenge.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this article is to present a case report of giant right atrial myxoma with symptoms of right heart failure in adult patient.
CASE REPORT
We present a case of large right atrial myxoma which is an uncommon location for this type of heart neoplasms, discovered incidentally in a female patient 77-year-old who came to our polyclinic for cardiological exam with hypertension last 11 years and obesity.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Various clinical signs and symptoms produced by cardiac myxomas have been reported in the literature. Depending on location and morphology, cardiac tumors can produce four types of clinical manifestations: systemic-constitutional, embolic, cardiac, and secondary metastatic manifestation. Echocardiography as non-invasive imaging method and Transesophageal echocardiography has superior role for precise evaluation of cardiac tumors. Transesophageal echocardiography has superior role for accurate diagnostic evaluation of cardiac mass. Surgical excision of cardiac myxoma carries a low-operative risk and gives excellent short- and long-term results.
CONCLUSION
Myxoma is the most prevalent primary heart tumor. It is rare to find a myxoma in the right atrium, occurring only in 15-20% of myxoma cases. Clinical manifestations of myxomas consist in a triad: constitutional symptoms, embolization and intracardiac obstruction. Transesophageal echocardiography has superior role for precise evaluation of cardiac tumors. Currently, there is no effective medical treatment, and surgical excision of the tumor is necessary.
Topics: Aged; Female; Heart Atria; Heart Failure; Heart Neoplasms; Humans; Myxoma; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 34012203
DOI: 10.5455/medarh.2021.75.66-68 -
Archives of Otolaryngology--head & Neck... Apr 1991Myxoma is a rare mesenchymal tumor that is especially uncommon in the head and neck. We report a case of a myxoma of the larynx in a 70-year-old man, which, to our...
Myxoma is a rare mesenchymal tumor that is especially uncommon in the head and neck. We report a case of a myxoma of the larynx in a 70-year-old man, which, to our knowledge, is the second case reported in the English-language literature. Although benign, myxomas have a propensity for local recurrence due to their tendency to infiltrate surrounding tissues. They commonly appear encapsulated, but simple enucleation is not adequate treatment; excision should include a margin of normal tissue around the tumor.
Topics: Aged; Humans; Laryngeal Neoplasms; Male; Myxoma; Radiography
PubMed: 2007016
DOI: 10.1001/archotol.1991.01870160084015 -
The American Journal of Case Reports Feb 2021BACKGROUND Myxomas are rare benign tumors of the heart. These tumors are commonly located in the left atrium, but rarely can affect the right side of the heart. Although...
BACKGROUND Myxomas are rare benign tumors of the heart. These tumors are commonly located in the left atrium, but rarely can affect the right side of the heart. Although it is a relatively rare tumor, it is the most common primary cardiac tumor, accounting for 75-80% of them. Secondary or metastatic cardiac tumors are much more common than primary tumors, accounting for more than 95% of cardiac tumors. CASE REPORT A 38-year-old woman presented with shortness of breath and syncope. Upon investigation, she was found to have a right atrioventricular myxoma. It was associated with tricuspid regurgitation, right-sided heart failure, and pulmonary hypertension. The syncopal attacks and shortness of breath resolved completely after tumor resection. Tricuspid regurgitation (grade 1) and mild pulmonary hypertension (right ventricular systolic pressure 35 mmHg) remained as sequelae of delayed presentation. These may be due to recurrent embolization of tumor fragments to segments of the pulmonary artery. CONCLUSIONS Cardiac myxomas should be considered in patients presenting with unexplained shortness of breath and syncope. Early diagnosis and tumor resection may prevent serious complications such as pulmonary hypertension and right-sided heart failure.
Topics: Adult; Female; Heart Atria; Heart Failure; Heart Neoplasms; Humans; Myxoma; Syncope
PubMed: 33561115
DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.927874 -
International Journal of Environmental... Oct 2022Myxomas are slowly growing benign neoplasms which are rare in children. Up to 80% can be located in the left atrium and generate symptoms such as embolism, cardiac... (Review)
Review
New Onset Cardiac Murmur and Exertional Dyspnea in an Apparently Healthy Child: A Rare Localization of Obstructive Myxoma in the Right Ventricle Outflow Tract without Pulmonary Embolization-A Case Report and Literature Review.
Myxomas are slowly growing benign neoplasms which are rare in children. Up to 80% can be located in the left atrium and generate symptoms such as embolism, cardiac failure, fever and weight loss. Rarely, myxomas can be detected in the right ventricle outflow tract, causing arrhythmias, pulmonary emboli and sudden death. We report the case of a 13-year-old healthy child brought to the Emergency Department (ED) of the Children's Hospital Bambino Gesù, Rome, for recent dyspnea, chest pain on exertion and new onset cardiac murmur. Patient underwent medical examination and echocardiogram with the finding of a rounded and lobulated voluminous mass in the right ventricle outflow tract (RVOT) which caused severe obstruction. The contrast computed tomography (CT) scan confirmed the presence of a heterogeneously enhancing soft-tissue mass occupying the RVOT with no evidence of pulmonary embolization. The mass was surgically excised, and the pathologic examination confirmed our suspicion of myxoma. Our experience suggests that myxoma can have mild clinical symptoms, the presentation may be non-specific, and diagnosis can be a challenge Careful examination and a diagnostic imaging workup, primarily with the transthoracic echocardiogram, are needful to make a rapid differential diagnosis and to better manage surgical treatment and follow-up.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Dyspnea; Heart Murmurs; Heart Neoplasms; Heart Ventricles; Humans; Myxoma
PubMed: 36232202
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912888 -
Irish Journal of Medical Science Jun 1993Despite being the most common benign intracardiac tumour with an excellent prognosis after surgical excision the incidence of atrial myxoma (except at autopsy) is... (Review)
Review
Despite being the most common benign intracardiac tumour with an excellent prognosis after surgical excision the incidence of atrial myxoma (except at autopsy) is unknown. We reviewed all patients admitted to the National Cardiac Surgery Unit (n = 26) with an atrial myxoma over a fifteen year period (1977-1991) to compile national incidence data and assess pre-operative diagnosis, management, surgical technique, and outcome. Preoperative symptoms were: congestive cardiac failure (12 patients), embolism (8 patients), constitutional (3 patients), asymptomatic (2 patients) and tachyarrhythmia (1 patient). The diagnosis was confirmed by 2D echocardiography alone in thirteen patients and by a combination of echocardiography and angiography in thirteen patients. At operation the site of the tumour was left atrial in 24 patients and bi-atrial in two patients. All cases were confirmed by histology. All patients made a good post-operative recovery, although one patient survived a pulmonary embolus and one patient developed a deep venous thrombosis. There has been one late death (five months after surgery) from a cerebrovascular accident. Serial echocardiography has revealed one recurrence to date (8 years after surgery). The surgical incidence of these tumours in the Republic of Ireland over the study period was 0.5 atrial myxomas/million population/year. Although rare atrial myxomas are the most important cardiac tumours to diagnose as the results from surgery are excellent.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Echocardiography; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Heart Atria; Heart Neoplasms; Humans; Incidence; Male; Middle Aged; Myxoma; Postoperative Complications; Preoperative Care; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 8407260
DOI: 10.1007/BF02945200 -
Cardiology in the Young Oct 2008The familial variant of cardiac myxoma is known to be an autosomally dominant disease. Early diagnosis, and removal of the tumours, are of great importance. In this...
The familial variant of cardiac myxoma is known to be an autosomally dominant disease. Early diagnosis, and removal of the tumours, are of great importance. In this regard, echocardiography is considered the simplest and most reliable diagnostic method. We report our experience with echocardiographic diagnosis of a family with atrial myxomas.
Topics: Adult; Cardiac Catheterization; Cardiac Surgical Procedures; Child; Diagnosis, Differential; Echocardiography; Female; Heart Atria; Heart Neoplasms; Humans; Myxoma; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 18706136
DOI: 10.1017/S1047951108002692 -
Surgical Neurology 2007In 1871, Virchow described a type of tumor, which he named myxoma, which had a similar appearance to mucinous tissue of the umbilical cord. Myxoma occurs most frequently...
BACKGROUND
In 1871, Virchow described a type of tumor, which he named myxoma, which had a similar appearance to mucinous tissue of the umbilical cord. Myxoma occurs most frequently in the heart and jawbone, less frequently in the temporal bone mastoideum, and rarely in the cranial base of the brain. From an etiologic perspective, intracranial myxoma is divided into either primary or secondary induction. The majority of primary myxomas are found at the skull base, whereas secondary intracranial myxomas are mainly caused by metastatic tumor emboli from the cardiac myxomas; the emboli may also transfer to cerebrovascular endothelium to cause fusiform aneurysm. From October 1983 until November 2005, 23 patients with cranial base myxoma, as confirmed by pathology, were treated in the neurosurgery department of Beijing Tiantan Hospital. Few data are available from published literature on diagnosis and treatment of cranial base myxoma; therefore, the aim of this study was to describe a large series of patients undergoing treatment for cranial base myxoma and to analyze and discuss clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of cranial base myxoma.
METHODS
A retrospective analysis was undertaken of 23 cases of cranial base myxoma, as confirmed by pathologic diagnosis. The review included all patients treated between October 1983 and November 2005. Among the 23, 8 patients received adjuvant radiotherapy after surgery. Postsurgical outcome data were unavailable for 12 patients. The mean duration of follow-up in the remaining 11 patients was 64.5 months.
RESULTS
Tumors were commonly located at the middle fossa, parasellar, and jugular regions with characteristic calcification demonstrated with magnetic resonance imaging. Patients presented with headache and multiple lesions of the cranial nerves. Surgical approaches were variable and selected according to tumor locations. Partial resections were achieved in 16 cases and total resections in 7 cases. Complete relief of clinical symptoms was achieved in 2 cases, unchanged in 11 cases, and aggravated in 9 cases. During the period of follow-up, remission was gained in 6 cases and tumor recurrence in 4 patients; 1 patient died.
CONCLUSIONS
Cranial base tumors are difficult to diagnose. By clinical features and neuroradiological findings, it is hard to distinguish myxoma from chondroma and chordoma in this region. Treatment results are seldom encouraging; the goal of complete surgical resection is rarely achieved, and the outcome of radiotherapy is not very successful.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Cohort Studies; Disease-Free Survival; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Myxoma; Neurosurgical Procedures; Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; Retrospective Studies; Skull Base Neoplasms; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 18037039
DOI: 10.1016/j.surneu.2007.09.015 -
The Laryngoscope Feb 2004To evaluate the clinical features and incidence of true myxomas affecting the lateral skull base. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the clinical features and incidence of true myxomas affecting the lateral skull base.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Illustrative case report and review of the relevant literature. Included are all reports of myxomas according to the histopathologic definition of Stout.
RESULTS
Despite nine case reports, only four patients matched the histopathologic criteria of a true myxoma growing in the lateral skull base. Facial palsy occurred in three adults with additional otalgia in one and progressive hearing loss (HL) in another patient. Our patient initially presented with signs of recurrent otitis media. The mastoid cavity was involved in all patients.
CONCLUSION
Differential diagnosis of lesions occurring in the lateral skull base should include true myxoma. Correct diagnosis should be based on immunohistopathology to rule out malignant tumors. Radical surgery is the treatment of choice, but surgeons should respect vital structures and esthetic consequences.
Topics: Adult; Child, Preschool; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Myxoma; Otitis Media; Skull Base Neoplasms
PubMed: 14755199
DOI: 10.1097/00005537-200402000-00014 -
General Thoracic and Cardiovascular... May 2020Intramuscular myxomas (IM) of the chest wall are extremely rare. We present the case of a 58-year-old African-American female who was initially diagnosed with having a...
Intramuscular myxomas (IM) of the chest wall are extremely rare. We present the case of a 58-year-old African-American female who was initially diagnosed with having a chest wall lipoma. After re-evaluation, the lesion was consistent with an intercostal myxoma versus myxoid sarcoma. Preoperative imaging could not exclude malignancy. Given the diagnostic uncertainty, she underwent primary wide local resection and placement of polypropylene mesh for chest wall reconstruction. Histopathological examination revealed an intramuscular myxoma without sarcomatous changes arising from the 8th intercostal muscle bundle.
Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Diagnostic Errors; Female; Humans; Lipoma; Middle Aged; Muscle Neoplasms; Myxoma; Thoracic Wall
PubMed: 31201611
DOI: 10.1007/s11748-019-01157-9