-
The Heart Surgery Forum Jun 2022Cardiac myxoma is a common cardiac tumor. Most are found in the left cardiac system, of which 75% of myxomas are located in the left atrium [Pinede 2001], and the origin...
Cardiac myxoma is a common cardiac tumor. Most are found in the left cardiac system, of which 75% of myxomas are located in the left atrium [Pinede 2001], and the origin of the left ventricle is relatively rare. Surgical resection is the most effective method for the treatment of myxoma, but because of the complex anatomy of the left ventricle, most of the reported cases are performed through the traditional median thoracotomy through the ascending aorta and vena cava to establish cardiopulmonary bypass. It is rare to establish cardiopulmonary bypass through the femoral artery and femoral vein to remove left ventricular myxoma under complete video-assisted thoracoscopy. This paper reports the surgical process and perioperative echocardiographic, magnetic resonance, radiological and pathological features of a completely thoracoscopic resection of left ventricular myxoma.
Topics: Echocardiography; Heart Atria; Heart Neoplasms; Heart Ventricles; Humans; Myxoma
PubMed: 35787751
DOI: 10.1532/hsf.4717 -
BMJ Case Reports Aug 2015Skeletal myxomas are rare benign tumours. Their occurrence in long bones of the extremities is rarely reported. A 45-year-old man presented with pain in his left...
Skeletal myxomas are rare benign tumours. Their occurrence in long bones of the extremities is rarely reported. A 45-year-old man presented with pain in his left proximal thigh for a duration of 4 months. Movements of the hip were painful. Radiography revealed an expansile osteolytic lesion in the left proximal femur near the lesser trochanteric region. On MRI, the lesion showed a homogenous signal enhancement with no cortical disruption. Extended curettage and bone grafting was performed. On gross examination, the curetted specimen was a yellowish-white mucoid material. Histopathology showed a tumour consisting of spindle-shaped and stellate-shaped cells with widely separated myxoid mucoidy stroma, suggestive of intraosseous myxoma. At 2 years follow-up, there were no signs of recurrence and the patient was doing well with excellent hip and knee function.
Topics: Femur; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Middle Aged; Myxoma; Pain; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 26290566
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2015-211480 -
Chang Gung Medical Journal 2011Cardiac myxoma, the most common primary tumor of the heart, has variable clinical presentations and an immunohistochemical profile. Survivin, an antiapoptosis protein,...
BACKGROUND
Cardiac myxoma, the most common primary tumor of the heart, has variable clinical presentations and an immunohistochemical profile. Survivin, an antiapoptosis protein, may play an important role in the causes of cardiac myxoma. This investigation will report the expression pattern of survivin in cardiac myxomas.
METHODS
This study included 40 patients with cardiac myxoma, who were treated with surgical excision of the lesion. Detailed clinical parameters were reported and the expression of survivin was studied by immunohistochemical staining.
RESULTS
The patient population was comprised of 24 (60%) women and 16 (40%) men. The mean age of the patients was 42 years, with an age range of 30 to 63 years. All study cases were sporadic myxomas rather than familial myxoma. Patients were asymptomatic (20%), or had dyspnea (40%), stroke (15%), chest pain (12%), and fever (12%) on presentation. All lesions were located in the left atrium. The location of the myxoma and clinical events did not differ in terms of pathological changes, such as vascular proliferation, inflammation, cellularity, hyaline, calcification and thrombosis. Cardiac myxoma was characterized by a survivin dependent pathway with 100% immunohistochemical staining in the cytoplasm and the distribution in scoring system of survivin expression were 1 case (2.5%) in score 1; 12 cases (30%) in score 2; 12 cases (30%) in score 3 and 15 (37.5%) in score 4.
CONCLUSION
Cardiac myxomas demonstrate strong expression of survivin in the cytoplasm. This implies survivin may play an important role in the apoptosis pathway in cardiac myxomas.
Topics: Adult; Female; Heart Neoplasms; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; Male; Middle Aged; Myxoma; Survivin
PubMed: 21880190
DOI: No ID Found -
Chinese Medical Journal Aug 2012Recurrence or metastasis of myxomas is not rare and can lead to malignancy. We aimed to analyze the risk factors for postoperative cardiac myxoma recurrence and to... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Recurrence or metastasis of myxomas is not rare and can lead to malignancy. We aimed to analyze the risk factors for postoperative cardiac myxoma recurrence and to summarize its clinical characteristics, treatments and classification.
METHODS
The clinical data of 5 patients with recurrent cardiac myxoma were retrospectively analyzed and our clinical experience was summarized. Moreover, the relevant literatures were reviewed.
RESULTS
All the five cases of primary myxomas were derived from atypical positions. One patient had early distant metastasis, one had family history, and two suffered malignant recurrence. The recurrence interval was (2.30 ± 2.16) years and the recurrent tumors were all found in different chambers from those of the corresponding primary tumors. Re-operation was performed after recurrence. One patient died of heart failure after malignant recurrence, and the other 4 cases had satisfactory therapeutic outcomes after re-operations. Our experience advocated a clinical classification of "typical" and "atypical" cardiac myxoma, the typical myxomas referred to the tumors locating at the left atria, with single pedicle, rooted at or around the fossa ovalis, involving no genetic causes, and the atypical myxomas included the familial tumors, tumors stemming from multiple chambers, rooted in abnormal positions of the left atrium, with evident genetic mutation, or with malignant tendency.
CONCLUSIONS
Postoperative follow-up is of vital importance for patients with myxomas characterized by multi-chamber distribution, early distant metastasis, atypical origin, and family history. Once recurs, re-operation is necessary and should be performed immediately.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Female; Heart Neoplasms; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Myxoma; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors
PubMed: 22932090
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery Mar 2017Cardiac myxoma is the most common primary cardiac tumor. Approximately 75-80% of myxomas are located in the left atrium. Occurrence of multiple myxomas is extremely rare.
BACKGROUND
Cardiac myxoma is the most common primary cardiac tumor. Approximately 75-80% of myxomas are located in the left atrium. Occurrence of multiple myxomas is extremely rare.
CASE PRESENTATION
We describe a rare case of biventricular myxomas resulting in right ventricular inflow and tricuspid valve obstruction. The lesions were detected by echocardiography and thoracic computerized tomography (CT) and confirmed on positron emission tomography-computed tomography.
CONCLUSION
The patient underwent successful surgical resection of the multiple cardiac myxomas. This kind of biventricular case has not been previously reported. The patient is asymptomatic as of the 10-month follow-up.
Topics: Adolescent; Cardiac Surgical Procedures; Echocardiography; Female; Heart Neoplasms; Heart Ventricles; Humans; Myxoma; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 28347347
DOI: 10.1186/s13019-017-0584-6 -
World Journal For Pediatric &... Jul 2020Cardiac myxomas are the most common primary cardiac tumors and are typically attached to the interatrial septum. Left ventricular myxomas are exceedingly rare and...
Cardiac myxomas are the most common primary cardiac tumors and are typically attached to the interatrial septum. Left ventricular myxomas are exceedingly rare and presentation in children is all the more uncommon. We report a case of left ventricular myxoma with very atypical cystic appearance raising an initial suspicion of a hydatid cyst. Subsequently, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging was done, which ruled out the diagnosis of hydatid cyst. Complete surgical excision was done through transaortic and transmitral route. Histopathological examination revealed it to be a cardiac myxoma with vascular proliferation, which on echocardiography had appeared as a polycystic lesion. This is a very unusual histopathological presentation of cardiac myxoma.
Topics: Cardiac Surgical Procedures; Child; Diagnosis, Differential; Echocardiography; Heart Neoplasms; Heart Ventricles; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine; Male; Myxoma
PubMed: 29506452
DOI: 10.1177/2150135117742626 -
BMJ Case Reports Jun 2013Among all myxomas, left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) myxomas are very rare. This article reports an LVOT myxoma in a 67-year-old woman presenting with palpitations... (Review)
Review
Among all myxomas, left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) myxomas are very rare. This article reports an LVOT myxoma in a 67-year-old woman presenting with palpitations and weight loss. Surgical excision of the LVOT myxoma was performed.
Topics: Aged; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Heart Neoplasms; Humans; Myxoma; Treatment Outcome; Ventricular Outflow Obstruction
PubMed: 23761565
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2013-009610 -
Japanese Heart Journal May 1985Six intracardiac myxomas and 2 thrombi were subjected to scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Surface morphology of myxomas was distinct from thrombi. The surface of...
Six intracardiac myxomas and 2 thrombi were subjected to scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Surface morphology of myxomas was distinct from thrombi. The surface of myxoma was either smooth or thrown into projections which had a continuous endothelial lining. This was lacking in thrombi. Cut surface of myxoma revealed the presence of round to polyhedral cells having blunt villi and/or pit-like depressions on their surface in a stroma of fibres, granular material and blood vessels. Thrombi were composed of blood elements enmeshed within fibres. No cells of the type encountered in myxomas were present.
Topics: Heart Atria; Heart Neoplasms; Humans; Microscopy, Electron; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Myocardium; Myxoma
PubMed: 4032748
DOI: 10.1536/ihj.26.457 -
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery Feb 2014Although myxomas are the most commonly seen primary cardiac tumors, encompassing 30% to 50% of all primary tumors of the heart, they remain a rare finding with an annual...
Although myxomas are the most commonly seen primary cardiac tumors, encompassing 30% to 50% of all primary tumors of the heart, they remain a rare finding with an annual reported incidence of 0.5 per million. The presenting symptoms of an atrial myxoma are widely varied as are the clinical consequences. Regardless of presentation, once a diagnosis is made prompt surgical excision is recommended to minimize the potential complications of obstruction or embolization. We present the "Medusa myxoma," an arborizing 4-fingered left atrial myxoma extending from the fossa ovalis across the left atrium.
Topics: Heart Neoplasms; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Myxoma; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 24484844
DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2013.09.067 -
American Journal of Clinical Pathology Dec 1993The clinicopathologic features of 107 cardiac myxomas are presented. Eighty-one were in the left atrium, 18 in the right atrium, and 8 were biatrial or located in the...
The clinicopathologic features of 107 cardiac myxomas are presented. Eighty-one were in the left atrium, 18 in the right atrium, and 8 were biatrial or located in the ventricles. The mean age at presentation was 50 years and did not vary significantly by sex, race, or site in the left or right atrium. Histologically, 41% of tumors had surface thrombus; 41%, fibrosis; 23%, mitotic activity; 20%, calcification; 17%, gamma bodies; 8%, ossification; 7%, extramedullary hematopoiesis; 3%, mucin-forming glands; 3%, atypical cells simulating malignancy; and 1% had thymic rests. A majority of myxomas was immunohistochemically positive for QBEnd throughout the lesion, but in most tumors, factor-VIII related antigen was limited to the surface cells. A minority of myxomas stained for antismooth muscle actin and Ulex europaeus; KP-1 and cytokeratin were always negative. Right atrial tumors were more likely calcified than those in the left atrium. Embolic tumors were less often fibrotic than nonembolic myxomas and were more likely thrombosed and extensively myxoid with an irregular frond-like surface. Fibrotic and non-thrombosed tumors had a longer mean duration of clinical symptoms and were found in older persons. Recurrent, multiple, and familial myxomas were more often found in younger women and, more likely irregular surfaced and histologically myxoid; however, they were not likely to be histologically atypical, cellular, or incompletely excised. Five tumors caused the death of the patient by emboli to the brain or heart, but none metastasized. The histology of myxomas varied by site, clinical presentation, patient age, and immunohistochemical findings.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Echocardiography; Embolism; Female; Heart Atria; Heart Neoplasms; Heart Ventricles; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Middle Aged; Myxoma; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 8249916
DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/100.6.671