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The New England Journal of Medicine Aug 2019
Topics: Astrocytoma; Brain Neoplasms; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Hydrocephalus; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Subarachnoid Space; Ventriculostomy
PubMed: 31365804
DOI: 10.1056/NEJMicm1815973 -
British Journal of Neurosurgery Oct 2022Perianeurysmal cysts are an extremely rare association with cerebral aneurysms. We report the case of a 64 year old male who presented with obstructive hydrocephalus due... (Review)
Review
Perianeurysmal cysts are an extremely rare association with cerebral aneurysms. We report the case of a 64 year old male who presented with obstructive hydrocephalus due to a perianeurysmal cyst. The cyst originated in association with a thrombosed, right-sided, terminal internal carotid artery aneurysm. Definitive management was offered with craniotomy and surgical clipping of the aneurysm together with endoscopic cyst fenestration. The patient made a full recovery and was asymptomatic at 3-month follow-up. We review the literature and discuss the potential mechanisms of cyst formation.
Topics: Male; Humans; Middle Aged; Hydrocephalus; Intracranial Aneurysm; Cysts; Carotid Artery Diseases; Craniotomy
PubMed: 30688108
DOI: 10.1080/02688697.2018.1559277 -
Neurology India 2023
Topics: Humans; Hydrocephalus; Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency
PubMed: 36861605
DOI: 10.4103/0028-3886.370465 -
Neuropediatrics Feb 2022
Topics: Arachnoid Cysts; Dyskinesias; Humans; Hydrocephalus; Third Ventricle
PubMed: 34448182
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1733775 -
Seminars in Ultrasound, CT, and MR Apr 2016Noncommunicating hydrocephalus is often referred to as obstructive hydrocephalus and is by definition an intraventricular obstruction of cerebrospinal fluid flow.... (Review)
Review
Noncommunicating hydrocephalus is often referred to as obstructive hydrocephalus and is by definition an intraventricular obstruction of cerebrospinal fluid flow. Patient symptoms depend on the rapidity of onset. Acute obstructive hydrocephalus causes sudden rise in the intracranial pressure, which may lead to death, whereas in chronic hydrocephalus there may not be any symptoms. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging play important roles in the diagnosis and management of hydrocephalus. Advances in magnetic resonance imaging such as the 3D sequences and phase-contrast imaging have revolutionized the preoperative and postoperative assessment of noncommunicating hydrocephalus. We would be discussing the various causes of noncommunicating hydrocephalus and their imaging.
Topics: Cerebral Ventricles; Cerebrospinal Fluid; Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Hydrocephalus; Imaging, Three-Dimensional; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Prognosis; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 27063661
DOI: 10.1053/j.sult.2015.12.004 -
No Shinkei Geka. Neurological Surgery Mar 2021Hydrocephalus is caused by excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)in the ventricles or the skull. Unlike acute hydrocephalus presenting with elevated...
Hydrocephalus is caused by excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)in the ventricles or the skull. Unlike acute hydrocephalus presenting with elevated intracranial pressure, chronic hydrocephalus is called normal-pressure hydrocephalus(NPH). Because the CSF volume increases slowly, the brain compressively deforms without increasing intracranial pressure. NPH should be diagnosed and treated according to the following three categories: idiopathic NPH(iNPH), secondary NPH(sNPH), and congenital NPH(cNPH). The intracranial CSF distribution in iNPH differed from that in sNPH or cNPH. In iNPH, the Sylvian fissure and basal cistern were conspicuously enlarged, whereas the convexity subarachnoid space was severely decreased. CSF distribution in the subarachnoid space specific to iNPH is known as "disproportionately enlarged subarachnoid space hydrocephalus(DESH)," which might be due to direct CSF communication between the lateral ventricles and the basal cistern at the inferior choroidal point of the choroidal fissure. After shunt surgery in a patient with NPH, the lateral ventricles and Sylvian fissure shrank from top to bottom, while the convexity subarachnoid space expanded. In NPH, except for obstructive hydrocephalus, the flow void sign on spin-echo T2-weighted images is usually observed around the aqueduct, which reflects the increased CSF movement.
Topics: Cerebral Ventricles; Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts; Humans; Hydrocephalus; Hydrocephalus, Normal Pressure; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Membrane Proteins; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Subarachnoid Space
PubMed: 33762452
DOI: 10.11477/mf.1436204393 -
Acta Neurochirurgica Jan 2003This series illustrates the association of communicating hydrocephalus with intracranial non-obstructive schwannomas. This association has commonly been observed,... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
This series illustrates the association of communicating hydrocephalus with intracranial non-obstructive schwannomas. This association has commonly been observed, however it has only been reported once previously. Moreover, in all the patients we present, hyperproteinorrhachia was a common denominator. This finding may therefore be the underlying mechanism for hydrocephalus.
METHOD AND FINDINGS
Seven patients presenting with intracranial schwannomas along with non-obstructive hydrocephalus and hyperproteinorrhachia are reported. Six had a vestibular schwannoma and presented with a unilateral deafness and various degrees of gait disturbance, urinary incontinence and neuropsychological impairment. Due to their advanced ages, these patients underwent a ventriculo-peritoneal shunt, and their symptoms related to hydrocephalus resolved. One patient that suffered from hemifacial dysesthesia and memory deficits presented with a non-obstructive trigeminal schwannoma. In this case the tumour was removed and the hydrocephalus was consequently reversed, and the CSF protein content normalized.
INTERPRETATION
The constant finding of hyperproteinorrhachia in all these patients suggests that a high CSF protein content may be the underlying cause of hydrocephalus through a speculative mechanism of decreased CSF resorption.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Brain Neoplasms; Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins; Female; Humans; Hydrocephalus; Male; Middle Aged; Neurilemmoma
PubMed: 12545266
DOI: 10.1007/s00701-002-1021-7 -
Handbook of Clinical Neurology 2016Imaging of hydrocephalus in utero, in infants and children is critically dependent on an understanding of the pathophysiology and treatment options for this condition in... (Review)
Review
Imaging of hydrocephalus in utero, in infants and children is critically dependent on an understanding of the pathophysiology and treatment options for this condition in this age spectrum. For this reason, this chapter deals not only with the imaging modalities used to study hydrocephalus and how they are applied but also reviews key aspects of the pathophysiology and treatment of hydrocephalus in children. Imaging techniques to establish the diagnosis of chronic hydrocephalus fall into two categories: (1) tracer-type techniques that require an injection and observation of the transit of an injected substance through the ventricular system or subarachnoid space and (2) cross-sectional imaging, which allows for direct visualization of a point of obstruction within the ventricular system or subarachnoid space. For cross-sectional imaging, both magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography can be used, but MRI is usually preferred. Nomenclature has obscured the description of imaging findings in hydrocephalus. We suggest that most hydrocephalus is obstructive and propose to designate ventriculomegaly, the condition in which the ventricles are large on imaging, but there is no true obstruction to the outflow of cerebrospinal fluid.
Topics: Child; Humans; Hydrocephalus; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Subarachnoid Space; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 27430467
DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-444-53486-6.00064-8 -
Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons... Jan 1953
Topics: Humans; Hydrocephalus
PubMed: 13017507
DOI: No ID Found -
World Neurosurgery Sep 2018There is no consensus concerning the management of adult patients with posterior fossa metastasis-associated obstructive hydrocephalus, especially regarding surgical... (Review)
Review
Posterior Fossa Metastasis-Associated Obstructive Hydrocephalus in Adult Patients: Literature Review and Practical Considerations from the Neuro-Oncology Club of the French Society of Neurosurgery.
BACKGROUND
There is no consensus concerning the management of adult patients with posterior fossa metastasis-associated obstructive hydrocephalus, especially regarding surgical procedures. A literature review was performed to assess the surgical strategy in the management of patients with metastatic brain tumor.
METHODS
A literature search was conducted of PubMed in November 2017 to identify all studies concerning brain metastases and obstructive hydrocephalus in English. All studies (except case reports and pediatric studies) between December 1953 and November 2017 that were about posterior fossa metastasis-associated obstructive hydrocephalus in adult patients were eligible. Eligible studies were classified by level of evidence. We assessed epidemiology, clinical and imaging findings, neurosurgical management, and prognosis of adult patients with posterior fossa metastasis-associated obstructive hydrocephalus. We suggest some practical considerations and a management decision tree on behalf of the Neuro-oncology Club of the French Society of Neurosurgery, with evidence-based analysis.
RESULTS
Direct surgical resection could be considered for patients with asymptomatic obstructive hydrocephalus, and endoscopic third ventriculostomy seems to be a reasonable procedure for patients with symptomatic obstructive hydrocephalus. A ventriculoperitoneal or atrial shunt seems to be a valid alternative when patients have a history of central nervous system infection or ventricular hemorrhage, leptomeningeal carcinomatosis, or unfavorable anatomy for an endoscopic third ventriculostomy to be performed.
CONCLUSIONS
The Neuro-oncology Club of the French Society of Neurosurgery suggests a prospective assessment of these neurosurgical procedures to compare their safety and efficacy.
Topics: Humans; Hydrocephalus; Infratentorial Neoplasms
PubMed: 29935321
DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2018.06.084