-
The Journal of Obstetrics and... Oct 2020To investigate the protective effect of octreotide and lanreotide on ovarian damage in experimental ovarian ischemia-reperfusion injury.
AIM
To investigate the protective effect of octreotide and lanreotide on ovarian damage in experimental ovarian ischemia-reperfusion injury.
METHODS
Fifty-six rats were separated into seven groups; group 1: sham group, group 2: surgical control group with 3-h torsion and detorsion, group 3: 0.02 mg/kg s.c. octreotide 30 min before 3-h torsion, group 4; octreotide just after detorsion for 7 days, group 5: octreotide 30 min before torsion and just after detorsion for 7 days, group 6: single time 20 mg/kg s.c. lanreotide before torsion, group 7: single time lanreotide just after detorsion.
RESULTS
All histopathological scores except congestion were significantly lower in group 1 than other groups. In addition, hemorrhage (group 2 vs 4: P < 0.05), degeneration (group 2 vs 4: P < 0.05, group 2 vs 5: P < 0.01 and group 2 vs 6: P < 0.05) and total damage score (group 2 vs 4: P < 0.05, group 2 vs 5: P < 0.05, group 2 vs 6: P < 0.05 and group 2 vs 7: P < 0.05) were significantly lower than other groups. Moreover, ovarian tissue total oxidant status and oxidative stress index levels were significantly decreased in groups 5 (both P < 0.05) and 7 (both P < 0.05) when compared to group 2. Furthermore, tissue levels of peroxynitrite were significantly higher in group 2 than groups 1, 3 and 5 (all P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
Octreotide and lanreotide have a protective role against ischemia-reperfusion damage in rat torsion detorsion model by improving histopathological and biochemical findings including tissue levels of total oxidant status, oxidative stress index and peroxynitrite.
Topics: Animals; Female; Humans; Octreotide; Ovarian Diseases; Oxidative Stress; Peptides, Cyclic; Rats; Reperfusion Injury; Somatostatin
PubMed: 32748523
DOI: 10.1111/jog.14379 -
World Journal of Surgery 1993Gut tumor syndromes are rare, occurring in less than two cases per million population per year: Insulinomas are most common and gastrinomas are less common; all the... (Review)
Review
Gut tumor syndromes are rare, occurring in less than two cases per million population per year: Insulinomas are most common and gastrinomas are less common; all the others are extremely rare. Conventional treatment of the symptoms caused by these tumors has included surgery, hepatic arterial embolization, and chemotherapy; some patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (ZES) have been treated with specific agents such as gastric antisecretory drugs. The development of octreotide, a synthetic, long-acting analogue of the natural peptide somatostatin, has offered an alternative to such therapies. Octreotide has a half life of > 100 minutes and inhibits both physiological- and tumor release of many peptides. It also has direct effects on the gut that modify secretion and motility. Octreotide has been shown to be particularly useful for the symptoms of tumors producing vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), and of the carcinoid syndrome. It is also useful in patients with glucagonomas, with growth hormone-releasing hormone producing tumors, and in some patients with Cushing's syndrome and unresectable insulinomas. Octreotide is effective in patients with ZES, but alternative therapies such as omeprazole are more effective, safer, and more convenient for those patients. Side effects of octreotide have not been troublesome in these patients, but the incidence of long term effects is still not entirely clear. Octreotide has proved to be a significant advance in the treatment of patients with islet cell tumors.
Topics: Adenoma, Islet Cell; Humans; Octreotide; Pancreatic Neoplasms
PubMed: 8395751
DOI: 10.1007/BF01655110 -
Schweizerische Medizinische... Jun 1992The long-acting somatostatin analogue octreotide is a synthetic cyclic peptide consisting of 8 amino acids. Depending on the organ, it acts either as a hormone or as a... (Review)
Review
The long-acting somatostatin analogue octreotide is a synthetic cyclic peptide consisting of 8 amino acids. Depending on the organ, it acts either as a hormone or as a neurotransmitter. The effect on various physiological functions in the brain and the gastrointestinal tract is mainly inhibitory. Due to its inhibitory actions, the possibility of intravenous and subcutaneous administration and the lack of serious side-effects, octreotide offers a broad spectrum of possible indications. Today octreotide is recommended in acromegaly patients and for the treatment of hormone dependent symptoms in patients with gastroenteropancreatic tumours. New indications are enterocutaneous and pancreatic fistulas and the prevention of complications in major pancreatic surgery. In patients with dumping and short-bowel syndrome, octreotide may be helpful until dietary regimens are established. In Aids patients with severe diarrhea, octreotide can be used to stabilize patients with severe dehydration and malnutrition. The clinical effectiveness on upper GI-bleeding due to gastric ulcer and oesophageal varices is still controversial. Future studies must prove whether octreotide may be helpful in treating diabetic retino- and nephropathy because of the possibility of suppressing growth hormone and IGF-I. The antiproliferative effect of octreotide also allows its use in patients with somatostatin-receptor-positive, non-endocrine solid tumors (e.g. brain, breast and small-cell lung cancer). A promising area is the scintigraphic visualization of somatostatin-receptor-positive tumors with a radio-labelled octreotide analogue and the possible target irradiation of these tumors by beta-particle emitting isotopes attached to such analogues.
Topics: Acromegaly; Analgesia; Diabetes Mellitus; Diarrhea; Dumping Syndrome; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms; Humans; Intestinal Fistula; Octreotide; Pancreatic Fistula; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Short Bowel Syndrome
PubMed: 1621078
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Hepatology Jul 1991
Review
Topics: Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Hemodynamics; Humans; Octreotide; Somatostatin
PubMed: 1680892
DOI: 10.1016/0168-8278(91)90854-5 -
Connecticut Medicine Dec 1989Octreotide is a long-acting cyclic octapeptide with pharmacologic actions mimicking those of the natural hormone somatostatin. It can suppress the secretion of... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial Review
Octreotide is a long-acting cyclic octapeptide with pharmacologic actions mimicking those of the natural hormone somatostatin. It can suppress the secretion of serotonin, as well as the gastroenteropancreatic peptides gastrin, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), insulin, glucagon, secretin, motilin, and pancreatic polypeptide. It also suppresses growth hormone and decreases splanchnic blood flow. Octreotide is completely and rapidly absorbed following subcutaneous injection and has an elimination half-life of 1.5 hours. Clinical trials reviewed here show octreotide useful in the treatment of diarrhea associated with VIP secreting tumors, as well as diarrhea and flushing associated with carcinoid syndrome, both conditions for which the drug is approved. Clinical trials involving the use of octreotide in the treatment of acromegaly are also reviewed. Adverse reactions to octreotide are mild to moderate and most commonly involve injection site pain and diarrhea. Drug interactions are apparently related to the drug's pharmacologic effects. Octreotide is given subcutaneously two to three times daily, with daily doses ranging from 50mcg to 1,500mcg per day. Further research appears necessary to clarify dosing issues.
Topics: Acromegaly; Clinical Trials as Topic; Humans; Octreotide; Vipoma
PubMed: 2558839
DOI: No ID Found -
Critical Care (London, England) 2006Whether it is the primary reason for admission or a complication of critical illness, upper gastrointestinal bleeding is commonly encountered in the intensive care unit.... (Review)
Review
Whether it is the primary reason for admission or a complication of critical illness, upper gastrointestinal bleeding is commonly encountered in the intensive care unit. In this setting, in the absence of endoscopy, intensivists generally provide supportive care (transfusion of blood products) and acid suppression (such as proton pump inhibitors). More recently, octreotide (a somatostatin analogue) has been used in such patients. However, its precise role in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding is not necessarily clear and the drug is associated with significant costs. In this issue of Critical Care, two expert teams debate the merits of using octreotide in non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding.
Topics: Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Octreotide
PubMed: 16834764
DOI: 10.1186/cc4958 -
Annals of Palliative Medicine Jan 2024Efficacy of the combination of octreotide and other drugs for the management of malignant bowel obstruction (MBO) has been well described. However, long-lasting stages...
BACKGROUND
Efficacy of the combination of octreotide and other drugs for the management of malignant bowel obstruction (MBO) has been well described. However, long-lasting stages with lack of stool emission are a challenging clinical condition of MBO that have never described.
CASE DESCRIPTION
We describe two cases in which the addition of octreotide to supportive care measures, even given late after more than 3 weeks of no stool emission, resulted to be still effective in recovering the bowel transit. In the first case, a patient admitted to home palliative care had a nasogastric tube and reported to not have stool emission and passing gas for 25 days. Two days after starting the combination of octreotide and other drugs, the patient evacuated and the nasogastric tube was removed, without reporting nausea or episodes of vomiting. In the second case, a patient admitted to an acute palliative care unit, the patient had no stool emission for more than 3 weeks. A nasogastric tube was placed and comprehensive palliative care treatment was provided. Two days after starting a combination of octreotide and other drugs, the nasogastric tube was removed, without reporting vomiting. In both cases, bowel transit recovered and patients were able to initiate oral nutrition.
CONCLUSIONS
The combination of octreotide with other drugs described for standard treatment for the management of MBO, should be attempted even in patients with very long periods of lack of feces emission.
Topics: Humans; Octreotide; Gastrointestinal Agents; Intestinal Obstruction; Vomiting; Nausea; Palliative Care
PubMed: 38316401
DOI: 10.21037/apm-23-311 -
Anti-cancer Drugs Jan 1996Octreotide is a synthetic analogue of somatostatin that has clear inhibitory effects on the growth of many animal and human cell lines, including colorectal cell lines... (Review)
Review
Octreotide is a synthetic analogue of somatostatin that has clear inhibitory effects on the growth of many animal and human cell lines, including colorectal cell lines both in vitro and in vivo. Colorectal cancer metastatic to the liver is clinically important, both in terms of the number of patients affected and the lack of any effective treatment for the majority of patients. Octreotide inhibits the growth of colorectal liver tumour in a number of experimental models and, in at least three tumour types, inhibits the growth of established micro-metastases. The precise mechanism of action is not known. However, the drug is likely to be most beneficial in the treatment of liver metastases when the tumour burden is relatively small. The available evidence, although experimental, suggests that octreotide may also have a beneficial effect on the development of liver metastases when used as an adjuvant to surgery in colorectal cancer and this area warrants urgent clinical investigation. The cytotoxics which are currently used as an adjuvant to surgery for colorectal cancer have unpleasant side effects which can be life-threatening. There will also be a proportion of patients who have undergone a truly curative resection of their tumour and will thus be treated unnecessarily. The potential benefits of octreotide in the adjuvant setting, although promising, remain speculative, but octreotide has an acceptably low incidence of side effects and can be administered safely for a prolonged period of time.
Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; Cell Division; Clinical Trials as Topic; Humans; Liver Neoplasms; Mice; Neoplasm Staging; Octreotide; Rats
PubMed: 8822082
DOI: 10.1097/00001813-199601001-00005 -
Nihon Rinsho. Japanese Journal of... Oct 2001
Review
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Humans; Liver Neoplasms; Octreotide; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Receptors, Somatostatin; Somatostatin; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 11762035
DOI: No ID Found -
Il Giornale Di Chirurgia 1995
Topics: Endocrine Gland Neoplasms; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Neoplasms; Octreotide; Pancreatitis
PubMed: 7547132
DOI: No ID Found