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Ophthalmology Dec 2023
Re: Dot et al.: Incidence of retinal detachment, macular edema, and ocular hypertension after neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet capsulotomy: a population-based nationwide study-The French YAG 2 Study (Ophthalmology. 2022;130:478-487).
Topics: Humans; Neodymium; Incidence; Macular Edema; Retinal Detachment; Glaucoma; Ocular Hypertension
PubMed: 37737811
DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2023.08.012 -
Canadian Association of Radiologists... Aug 2018
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Female; Glaucoma; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Middle Aged; Ocular Hypertension; Optic Nerve; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 30078397
DOI: 10.1016/j.carj.2018.04.003 -
Indian Journal of Ophthalmology Jul 2023To find out the mean rate of progression (MROP) of visual fields (VF) in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and ocular hypertension (OHT) using FORUM...
Mean rate of progression of visual fields in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension attending a tertiary care center in South India - A prospective cohort study using FORUM Glaucoma Workplace software.
PURPOSE
To find out the mean rate of progression (MROP) of visual fields (VF) in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and ocular hypertension (OHT) using FORUM Glaucoma Workplace.
METHODS
Two hundred and one eyes of 105 patients were included in this prospective cohort study. Patients with POAG and OHT were recruited, and VF analysis with 24-2 and or 10-2 was done using SITA standard strategy in Zeiss Humphrey Visual Field Analyzer (HFA). All the previous VFs were identified from FORUM software, and the baseline indices were recorded from the first reliable VF analysis. The present VF analysis was compared to the previous one using FORUM software, and the rate of progression (ROP) in VF was obtained by Guided Progression Analysis.
RESULTS
MROP of VF in the POAG group was - 0.085 dB/year, ranging from -2.8 to 2.8 dB/year with a standard deviation (SD) of 0.69. In the OHT group, the MROP of VF was -0.003 dB/year, ranging from - 0.8 to 0.5 dB/year with an SD of 0.27. The MROP of VF in medically treated eyes with POAG was -0.14 dB/year with an SD of 0.61 and in surgically treated eyes was -0.02 dB/year with an SD of 0.78. The overall baseline mean VF index (VFI) was 83.19% and the final mean VFI was 79.80%. There was a statistically significant decrease in the mean VFI value from baseline to the final visit (P-value 0.0005).
CONCLUSION
The mean ROP of VF in the POAG group was -0.085 dB/year and in the OHT group was - 0.003 dB/year.
Topics: Humans; Visual Fields; Glaucoma, Open-Angle; Intraocular Pressure; Prospective Studies; Tertiary Care Centers; Vision Disorders; Glaucoma; Ocular Hypertension; Visual Field Tests; Workplace; Disease Progression
PubMed: 37417113
DOI: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_1989_22 -
Klinika Oczna Aug 2016Contrast sensitivity assessment is an important additional examination, which enables the full insight into the patient's quality of vision, and early diagnosis of...
INTRODUCTION
Contrast sensitivity assessment is an important additional examination, which enables the full insight into the patient's quality of vision, and early diagnosis of visual disturbances.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Forty six patients (92 eyes) with primary open angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension were enrolled in the study. The enrolment criteria were full or almost full visual acuity and the patients with visual field defects or any other ocular disease were excluded. Contrast sensitivity was assessed both under photopic and mesopic conditions (with and without glare) using the Functional Vision Analyzer separately for each eye. Furthermore, the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness was measured using scanning laser polarimetry (GDx).
RESULTS
Contrast sensitivity was significantly reduced under both mesopic and photopic conditions in patients with primary open angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension.
CONCLUSIONS
Evaluation of contrast sensitivity is a valuable diagnostic test, which enables the assessment of visual dysfunction in patients with primary open angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension persisting despite good visual acuity.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Contrast Sensitivity; Eye; Female; Glaucoma, Open-Angle; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nerve Fibers; Ocular Hypertension; Retina; Scanning Laser Polarimetry; Visual Field Tests; Young Adult
PubMed: 29715400
DOI: No ID Found -
Archives of Ophthalmology (Chicago,... Jul 2003
Topics: Antihypertensive Agents; Glaucoma, Open-Angle; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Ocular Hypertension
PubMed: 12860828
DOI: 10.1001/archopht.121.7.1070-a -
Klinische Monatsblatter Fur... Apr 2009The aim of this study was to develop a new animal model to enhance our understanding of the biological pathomechanisms involved in glaucoma.
BACKGROUND
The aim of this study was to develop a new animal model to enhance our understanding of the biological pathomechanisms involved in glaucoma.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Forty white giant rabbits were divided into a treated (N = 30) and a control group (N = 10). Boli of adrenaline hydrochloride (0.1 mL 0.1% solution) were repeatedly injected into the veins of the ears of the rabbits and physiological saline in the control group, respectively, for three months. Intraocular pressure (IOP) and outflow facility of the aqueous humour were measured prior to, during and after treatment (4-6 months, 7-9 months, 10-12 months).
RESULTS
In comparison to the control group, the adrenaline-treated group showed a significant increase in IOP both during treatment (25%) and 12 months after treatment (57%). Comparative analysis further showed that the aqueous humour outflow facility of the treated group increased by 16.5% during the treatment, and showed a continuous decrease of 60 % after treatment.
CONCLUSION
This rabbit model could be useful for further investigations of the pathomechanisms involved in glaucoma.
Topics: Animals; Bronchodilator Agents; Chronic Disease; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Epinephrine; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Ocular Hypertension; Rabbits
PubMed: 19384793
DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1109310 -
Current Hypertension Reports Dec 2002In addition to being the chief cause of death in developed countries, systemic hypertension is also a leading cause of visual impairment. The eye is an end arteriolar... (Review)
Review
In addition to being the chief cause of death in developed countries, systemic hypertension is also a leading cause of visual impairment. The eye is an end arteriolar system and is therefore susceptible to changes in blood pressure. It is also the only place where blood vessels can be clearly viewed by noninvasive techniques. This paper reviews current research into premalignant and malignant retinal signs of systemic hypertension. Previous methods of classifying retinal hypertensive signs are identified, along with more recent image analysis techniques. The need for observing the retinal vasculature as well as measuring blood pressure for monitoring systemic hypertensive patients is discussed in relation to current research.
Topics: Blood Pressure; Eye; Humans; Morbidity; Ocular Hypertension; Retinal Vessels
PubMed: 12419177
DOI: 10.1007/s11906-002-0028-z -
Cell Transplantation Feb 2018Glaucoma, a form of progressive optic neuropathy, is the second leading cause of blindness worldwide. Being a prominent disease affecting vision, substantial efforts are...
Glaucoma, a form of progressive optic neuropathy, is the second leading cause of blindness worldwide. Being a prominent disease affecting vision, substantial efforts are being made to better understand glaucoma pathogenesis and to develop novel treatment options including neuroprotective and neuroregenerative approaches. Cell transplantation has the potential to play a neuroprotective and/or neuroregenerative role for various ocular cell types (e.g., retinal cells, trabecular meshwork). Notably, glaucoma is often associated with elevated intraocular pressure, and over the past 2 decades, several rodent models of chronic ocular hypertension (COH) have been developed that reflect these changes in pressure. However, the underlying pathophysiology of glaucoma in these models and how they compare to the human condition remains unclear. This limitation is the primary barrier for using rodent models to develop novel therapies to manage glaucoma and glaucoma-related blindness. Here, we review the current techniques used to induce COH-related glaucoma in various rodent models, focusing on the strengths and weaknesses of the each, in order to provide a more complete understanding of how these models can be best utilized. To so do, we have separated them based on the target tissue (pre-trabecular, trabecular, and post-trabecular) in order to provide the reader with an encompassing reference describing the most appropriate rodent COH models for their research. We begin with an initial overview of the current use of these models in the evaluation of cell transplantation therapies.
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Animals; Cell Transplantation; Female; Glaucoma; Hypertension; Ocular Hypertension; Rats, Wistar; Rodentia
PubMed: 29637819
DOI: 10.1177/0963689717724793 -
Klinische Monatsblatter Fur... Nov 2017Glaucoma leads to blindness but there are diagnostic and therapeutic developments that aid ophthalmologists in the improved mangement of the disease compared to the... (Review)
Review
Glaucoma leads to blindness but there are diagnostic and therapeutic developments that aid ophthalmologists in the improved mangement of the disease compared to the past. Known risk factors such as age, myopia, dark pigmented skin, genetics, and elevated intraocular pressure play an important role for the individual patient's prognosis, and many yet unknown or not sufficiently investigated risk factors come along. The structured examination of the optic nerve head is crucial for the clincial diagnosis by the ophthalmologist. At least a photo documentation - better imaging of the optic nerve head and its retinal nerve fibers - should be performed in newly diagnosed suspect glaucoma or ocular hypertension. Visual field testing is just as important and it is recommended to perform 6 visual fields in the first two years after diagnosis. Treatment principles are evolving and minimally invasive surgery techniques are upcoming. However, trabeculectomy with mitomycin C is still superior regarding long-term results compared to microstents and minimal shunt procedures.
Topics: Glaucoma Drainage Implants; Glaucoma, Open-Angle; Gonioscopy; Humans; Ocular Hypertension; Ophthalmoscopes; Optic Disk; Refraction, Ocular; Risk Factors; Tomography, Optical Coherence; Visual Field Tests
PubMed: 28931182
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-118611 -
Journal of Glaucoma Oct 2006To investigate the ability of ophthalmologists to estimate an individual's risk of converting from ocular hypertension to glaucoma, and to compare these estimates to a... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the ability of ophthalmologists to estimate an individual's risk of converting from ocular hypertension to glaucoma, and to compare these estimates to a risk calculator.
DESIGN
Cross-Sectional Survey.
METHODS
Fifty-one ophthalmologists estimated the probability of developing glaucoma of 4 factitious patients with ocular hypertension, after a didactic review of the Ocular Hypertension Treatment Study (OHTS) results. We compared the physician estimates to the probability estimates of a risk calculator on the basis of the multivariate Cox proportional hazard model of the OHTS results.
RESULTS
The average estimates given by the ophthalmologists (mean probability+/-SD) of developing glaucoma in 5 years for patient no. 1, patient no. 2, patient no. 3, and patient no. 4 were 6.5%+/-8.4 (range 1 to 50), 30.6%+/-20.5 (range 1 to 100), 7.1%+/-5.1 (range 0 to 20), and 21.1%+/-17.3 (range 1 to 80), respectively. The risk calculator estimated the probability of glaucoma in these same patients to be 13.7%, 53.8%, 5.1%, and 41.9%, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
The ophthalmologists showed a high range of estimates for the probability of developing glaucoma in the same ocular hypertensive patients. This may lead to either under or over treatment of patients. Clinicians need a more exact method to determine the probability of glaucoma from ocular hypertension.
Topics: Aged; Cross-Sectional Studies; Glaucoma, Open-Angle; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Middle Aged; Ocular Hypertension; Ophthalmology; Probability; Risk Assessment
PubMed: 16988606
DOI: 10.1097/01.ijg.0000212258.02702.0c