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American Journal of Obstetrics and... Oct 2022Hysterectomy is the most common nonobstetrical medical procedure performed in US women. Evaluating hysterectomy prevalence trends and determinants is important for...
BACKGROUND
Hysterectomy is the most common nonobstetrical medical procedure performed in US women. Evaluating hysterectomy prevalence trends and determinants is important for estimating gynecologic cancer rates and management of uterine conditions.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to assess hysterectomy prevalence trends and determinants using the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (2006-2016).
STUDY DESIGN
We estimated crude hysterectomy prevalences and multivariable-adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for associations of race or ethnicity, age group (5-year), body mass index (categorical), smoking status, education, insurance, income, and US region with hysterectomy. Missing data were imputed. The number of women in each survey year ranged from 220,302 in 2006 to 275,631 in 2016.
RESULTS
Although overall hysterectomy prevalence changed little between 2006 and 2016 (21.4% and 21.1%, respectively), hysterectomy prevalence was lower in 2016 than in 2006 among women aged ≥40 years, particularly among non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic women. Current smoking (odds ratio, 1.38; 95% confidence interval, 1.35-1.41), increasing age (odds ratio, 1.40; 95% confidence interval, 1.39-1.40), living in the South compared with the Midwest (odds ratio, 1.36; 95% confidence interval, 1.34-1.39), higher body mass index (odds ratio, 1.26; 95% confidence interval, 1.25-1.27), Black race compared with White (odds ratio, 1.10; 95% confidence interval, 1.07-1.13), and having insurance compared with being uninsured (odds ratio, 1.26; 95% confidence interval, 1.22-1.30) were most strongly associated with increased prevalence. Hispanic ethnicity and living in the Northeast were most strongly associated with decreased prevalence (odds ratio, 0.73; 95% confidence interval, 0.70-0.76; odds ratio, 0.67; 95% confidence interval, 0.65-0.69).
CONCLUSION
Nationwide hysterectomy prevalence decreased among women aged ≥40 years from 2006 to 2016, particularly among non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic women. Age, non-Hispanic Black race, having insurance, current smoking, and living in the South were associated with increased odds of hysterectomy, even after accounting for possible explanatory factors. Further research is needed to better understand associations of race and ethnicity and region with hysterectomy prevalence.
Topics: Ethnicity; Female; Hispanic or Latino; Humans; Hysterectomy; Odds Ratio; Prevalence; United States
PubMed: 35764133
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2022.06.028 -
Biometrical Journal. Biometrische... Jul 2016Interrater agreement on binary measurements is usually assessed via Scott's π or Cohen's κ, which are known to be difficult to interpret. One reason for this...
Interrater agreement on binary measurements is usually assessed via Scott's π or Cohen's κ, which are known to be difficult to interpret. One reason for this difficulty is that these coefficients can be defined as a correlation between two exchangeable measurements made on the same subject, that is as an "intraclass correlation", a concept originally defined for continuous measurements. To measure an association between two binary variables, it is however more common to calculate an odds ratio rather than a correlation. For assessing interrater agreement on binary measurements, we suggest thus to calculate the odds ratio between two exchangeable measurements made on the same subject, yielding the concept of "intraclass odds ratio". Since it is interpretable as a ratio of probabilities of (strict) concordance and discordance (between two raters rating two subjects), an intraclass odds ratio might be easier to understand for researchers and clinicians than an intraclass correlation. It might thus be a valuable descriptive measure (summary index) to evaluate the agreement among a set of raters, without having to refer to arbitrary benchmark values. To facilitate its use, an explicit formula to calculate a confidence interval for the intraclass odds ratio is also provided.
Topics: Biometry; Data Interpretation, Statistical; Humans; Observer Variation; Odds Ratio; Reproducibility of Results
PubMed: 26988408
DOI: 10.1002/bimj.201500109 -
International Journal of Epidemiology Apr 1995
Topics: Cross-Sectional Studies; Data Interpretation, Statistical; Odds Ratio; Risk
PubMed: 7635614
DOI: 10.1093/ije/24.2.464 -
Disability and Rehabilitation Apr 1999This paper introduces readers to case-control studies and how to analyse them. Specifically, the odds ratio statistic is discussed. The importance of the odds ratio in...
PURPOSE
This paper introduces readers to case-control studies and how to analyse them. Specifically, the odds ratio statistic is discussed. The importance of the odds ratio in epidemiology is that it is used as an approximation to the true relative risk.
METHOD
Data are presented in the form of 2 x 2 contingency tables, and a method for calculating the odds ratio is presented. An extension to 2 x k tables (where k > 2) is given, as is a graphical method for plotting odds ratios. Confidence intervals based on the Normal approximation are introduced.
RESULTS
Some properties of the odds ratio statistic are illustrated by taking examples from the author's own teaching experiences.
CONCLUSION
As long as the odds ratio is not used uncritically as an estimate of the relative risk, it remains an attractive statistic for epidemiologists to calculate.
Topics: Confidence Intervals; Epidemiology; Humans; Odds Ratio; Risk
PubMed: 10390080
DOI: 10.1080/096382899297756 -
Archives of Dermatology Jun 2006Odds ratios are commonly presented in the medical literature, including dermatology journals. Even when used appropriately, odds ratios are often difficult to interpret.... (Review)
Review
Odds ratios are commonly presented in the medical literature, including dermatology journals. Even when used appropriately, odds ratios are often difficult to interpret. This article illustrates this problem using an example from the recent dermatology literature. It then reviews the definitions of odds and odds ratio, as well as how odds and odds ratio relate to probability and relative risk. The divergence of odds ratios from relative risks when events are common (occurring in > or =10% of a sample) is explained. Methods to convert odds ratios to relative risks (and the reasons why conversion should be considered) are discussed.
Topics: Data Interpretation, Statistical; Dermatology; Humans; Odds Ratio; Periodicals as Topic
PubMed: 16785380
DOI: 10.1001/archderm.142.6.761 -
Pediatrics Apr 2022Children in PICUs experience negative sequelae of immobility; however, interprofessional staff concerns about safety are a barrier to early mobilization. Our objective...
BACKGROUND
Children in PICUs experience negative sequelae of immobility; however, interprofessional staff concerns about safety are a barrier to early mobilization. Our objective was to determine the safety profile of early mobilization in PICU patients.
METHODS
We conducted a secondary analysis of a 2-day study focused on physical rehabilitation in 82 PICUs in 65 US hospitals. Patients who had ≥72-hour admissions and participated in a mobility event were included. The primary outcome was occurrence of a potential safety event during mobilizations.
RESULTS
On 1433 patient days, 4658 mobility events occurred with a potential safety event rate of 4% (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.6%-4.7%). Most potential safety events were transient physiologic changes. Medical equipment dislodgement was rare (0.3%), with no falls or cardiac arrests. Potential safety event rates did not differ by patient age or sex. Patients had higher potential safety event rates if they screened positive for delirium (7.8%; adjusted odds ratio, 5.86; 95% CI, 2.17-15.86) or were not screened for delirium (4.7%; adjusted odds ratio, 3.98; 95% CI, 1.82-8.72). There were no differences in potential safety event rates by PICU intervention, including respiratory support or vasoactive support.
CONCLUSIONS
Early PICU mobilization has a strong safety profile and medical equipment dislodgement is rare. No PICU interventions were associated with increased potential safety event rates. Delirium is associated with higher potential safety event rates. These findings highlight the need to improve provider education and confidence in mobilizing critically ill children.
Topics: Child; Critical Illness; Heart Arrest; Hospitalization; Humans; Intensive Care Units, Pediatric; Odds Ratio
PubMed: 35352118
DOI: 10.1542/peds.2021-053432 -
International Journal of Infectious... Jul 2020
Topics: Cohort Studies; Hepatitis E virus; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Logistic Models; Odds Ratio
PubMed: 32437940
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.04.084 -
Journal of Wound, Ostomy, and... May 1999
Topics: Data Interpretation, Statistical; Humans; Likelihood Functions; Odds Ratio; Probability; Risk
PubMed: 10755829
DOI: 10.1097/00152192-199905000-00009 -
Occupational and Environmental Medicine Nov 1995
Topics: Animals; Cross-Sectional Studies; Humans; Odds Ratio; Prevalence
PubMed: 8535502
DOI: 10.1136/oem.52.11.781-a -
Annals of Epidemiology Apr 2020
Topics: Humans; Meta-Analysis as Topic; Odds Ratio; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Risk
PubMed: 32265076
DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2020.03.005