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LDA Journal 1982
Topics: Dentin; Dentinogenesis; Humans; Odontoblasts
PubMed: 6963603
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Dental Research Mar 2018The proteome and N-terminome of the human odontoblast cell layer were identified for the first time by shotgun proteomic and terminal amine isotopic labeling of...
The proteome and N-terminome of the human odontoblast cell layer were identified for the first time by shotgun proteomic and terminal amine isotopic labeling of substrates (TAILS) N-terminomic analyses, respectively, and compared with that of human dental pulp stroma from 26 third molar teeth. After reverse-phase liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, >170,000 spectra from the shotgun and TAILS analyses were matched by 4 search engines to 4,888 and 12,063 peptides in the odontoblast cell layer and pulp stroma, respectively. Within these peptide groups, 1,543 and 5,841 protein N-termini, as well as 895 and 2,423 unique proteins, were identified with a false discovery rate of ≤1%. Thus, the human dental pulp proteome was expanded by 974 proteins not previously identified among the 4,123 proteins in our 2015 dental pulp study. Further, 222 proteins of the odontoblast cell layer were not found in the pulp stroma, suggesting many of these proteins are synthesized only by odontoblasts. When comparing the proteomes of older and younger donors, differences were more apparent in the odontoblast cell layer than in the dental pulp stroma. In the odontoblast cell layer proteome, we found proteomic evidence for dentin sialophosphoprotein, which is cleaved into dentin sialoprotein and dentin phosphoprotein. By exploring the proteome of the odontoblast cell layer and expanding the known dental pulp proteome, we found distinct proteome differences compared with each other and with dentin. Moreover, between 61% and 66% of proteins also occurred as proteoforms commencing with a neo-N-terminus not annotated in UniProt. Hence, TAILS increased proteome coverage and revealed considerable proteolytic processing, by identifying stable proteoforms in these dynamic dental tissues. All mass spectrometry raw data have been deposited to ProteomeXchange with the identifier
, with the accompanying metadata at Mendeley Data ( https://data.mendeley.com/datasets/b57zfh6wmy/1 ). Topics: Chromatography, Liquid; Dental Pulp; Humans; Mass Spectrometry; Molar, Third; Odontoblasts; Proteins; Proteome
PubMed: 29035686
DOI: 10.1177/0022034517736054 -
Biochemical and Biophysical Research... Apr 2023Iroquois homeobox (Irx) genes are TALE-class homeobox genes that are evolutionarily conserved across species and have multiple critical cellular functions in fundamental...
Iroquois homeobox (Irx) genes are TALE-class homeobox genes that are evolutionarily conserved across species and have multiple critical cellular functions in fundamental tissue development processes. Previous studies have shown that Irxs genes are expressed during tooth development. However, the precise roles of genes in teeth remain unclear. Here, we demonstrated for the first time that Irx3 is an essential molecule for the proliferation and differentiation of odontoblasts. Using cDNA synthesized from postnatal day 1 (P1) tooth germs, we examined the expression of all Irx genes (Irx1-Irx6) by RT-PCR and found that all genes except Irx4 were expressed in the tooth tissue. Irx1-Irx3 a were expressed in the dental epithelial cell line M3H1 cells, while Irx3 and Irx5 were expressed in the dental mesenchymal cell line mDP cells. Only Irx3 was expressed in both undifferentiated cell lines. Immunostaining also revealed the presence of IRX3 in the dental epithelial cells and mesenchymal condensation. Inhibition of endogenous Irx3 by siRNA blocks the proliferation and differentiation of mDP cells. Wnt3a, Wnt5a, and Bmp4 are factors involved in odontoblast differentiation and were highly expressed in mDP cells by quantitative PCR analysis. Interestingly, the expression of Wnt5a (but not Wnt3a or Bmp4) was suppressed by Irx3 siRNA. These results suggest that Irx3 plays an essential role in part through the regulation of Wnt5a expression during odontoblast proliferation and differentiation.
Topics: Homeodomain Proteins; Transcription Factors; Odontoblasts; Genes, Homeobox; Cell Differentiation; Cell Proliferation
PubMed: 36773339
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.02.004 -
Comptes Rendus Des Seances de La... 1992The terminal differentiation of odontoblasts requires the integrity of the cytoskeleton and is controlled by cell-matrix interactions. These interactions implicate both... (Review)
Review
The terminal differentiation of odontoblasts requires the integrity of the cytoskeleton and is controlled by cell-matrix interactions. These interactions implicate both matrix molecules and matrix-associated growth factors. On the one hand, predentin-dentin constituents were found to initiate odontoblast differentiation and to allow the maintenance of this state; TGF-beta or related molecules are implicated. Fibronectin on the other hand can induce the differentiation of second generation odontoblasts and interacts with three high molecular weight proteins present in membrane prepared from dental mesenchymal cells. One of these proteins (165 kDa) was localized on the surface of odontoblasts and is involved in the organization of microfilaments. Two main axes of research will have to be developed in the future in order to understand how matrix molecules and growth factors interactions can be modulated in time and space by epithelial and mesenchymal cells, and how such modulations can affect the phenotype of these cells.
Topics: Cell Differentiation; Cytoskeleton; Extracellular Matrix; Humans; Odontoblasts; Transforming Growth Factor beta
PubMed: 1305897
DOI: No ID Found -
The International Journal of... 2024Tooth formation is a process tightly regulated by reciprocal interactions between epithelial and mesenchymal tissues. These epithelial-mesenchyme interactions regulate...
Tooth formation is a process tightly regulated by reciprocal interactions between epithelial and mesenchymal tissues. These epithelial-mesenchyme interactions regulate the expression of target genes via transcription factors. Among the regulatory elements governing this process, Epiprofin/Sp6 is a zinc finger transcription factor which is expressed in the embryonic dental epithelium and in differentiating pre-odontoblasts. knockout (-/-) mice present severe dental abnormalities, such as supernumerary teeth and enamel hypoplasia. Here, we describe dentin defects in molars and incisors of -/- mice. We observed that in the absence of Epfn, markers of early odontoblast differentiation, such as alkaline phosphatase activity, expression, and Collagen Type I deposition, are downregulated. In addition, the expression of tight and gap junction proteins was severely impaired in the predontoblastic cell layer of developing -/- molars. Altogether, our data shows that Epfn is crucial for the proper differentiation of dental mesenchymal cells towards functional odontoblasts and subsequent dentin-matrix deposition.
Topics: Mice; Animals; Odontoblasts; Dentin Dysplasia; Cell Differentiation; Odontogenesis; Transcription Factors
PubMed: 38591690
DOI: 10.1387/ijdb.240029lj -
Journal of Dental Research Sep 2018The goal of this study was to examine the effects of early and limited exposure of perivascular cells expressing α (αSMA) to fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) in vivo....
The goal of this study was to examine the effects of early and limited exposure of perivascular cells expressing α (αSMA) to fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) in vivo. We performed in vivo fate mapping by inducible Cre-loxP and experimental pulp injury in molars to induce reparative dentinogenesis. Our results demonstrate that early delivery of exogenous FGF2 to exposed pulp led to proliferative expansion of αSMA-tdTomato cells and their accelerated differentiation into odontoblasts. In vivo lineage-tracing experiments showed that the calcified bridge/reparative dentin in FGF2-treated pulps were lined with an increased number of Dspp odontoblasts and devoid of BSP osteoblasts. The increased number of odontoblasts derived from αSMA-tdTomato cells and the formation of reparative dentin devoid of osteoblasts provide in vivo evidence for the stimulatory effects of FGF signaling on odontoblast differentiation from early progenitors in dental pulp.
Topics: Animals; Cell Differentiation; Dental Pulp; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; Flow Cytometry; Gene Expression; In Situ Hybridization; Mice; Odontoblasts
PubMed: 29649366
DOI: 10.1177/0022034518769827 -
Journal of Molecular Histology Aug 2023FAM20C phosphorylates secretory proteins at S-x-E/pS motifs, and previous studies of Fam20C-dificient mice revealed that FAM20C played essential roles in bone and tooth...
FAM20C phosphorylates secretory proteins at S-x-E/pS motifs, and previous studies of Fam20C-dificient mice revealed that FAM20C played essential roles in bone and tooth formation. Inactivation of FAM20C in mice led to hypophosphatemia that masks direct effect of FAM20C in these tissues, and consequently the direct role of FAM20C remains unknown. Our previous study reported that osteoblast/odontoblast-specific Fam20C transgenic (Fam20C-Tg) mice had normal serum phosphate levels and that osteoblastic FAM20C-mediated phosphorylation regulated bone formation and resorption. Here, we investigated the direct role of FAM20C in dentin using Fam20C-Tg mice. The tooth of Fam20C-Tg mice contained numerous highly phosphorylated proteins, including SIBLINGs, compared to that of wild-type mice. In Fam20C-Tg mice, coronal dentin volume decreased and mineral density unchanged at early age, while the volume unchanged and the mineral density elevated at maturity. In these mice, radicular dentin volume and mineral density decreased at all ages, and histologically, the radicular dentin had wider predentin and abnormal apical-side dentin with embedded cells and argyrophilic canaliculi. Immunohistochemical analyses revealed that abnormal apical-side dentin had bone and dentin matrix properties accompanied with osteoblast-lineage cells. Further, in Fam20C-Tg mice, DSPP content which is important for dentin formation, was reduced in dentin, especially radicular dentin, which might lead to defects mainly in radicular dentin. Renal subcapsular transplantations of tooth germ revealed that newly formed radicular dentin replicated apical abnormal dentin of Fam20C-Tg mice, corroborating that FAM20C overexpression indeed caused the abnormal dentin. Our findings indicate that odontoblastic FAM20C-mediated phosphorylation in the tooth regulates dentin formation and odontoblast differentiation.
Topics: Mice; Animals; Odontoblasts; Mice, Transgenic; Tooth; Cell Differentiation; Extracellular Matrix Proteins; Dentin; Phosphoproteins; Calcium-Binding Proteins
PubMed: 37357253
DOI: 10.1007/s10735-023-10123-y -
Archives of Oral Biology Nov 2011To investigate the inductive potential of scaffold material combing with transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), and to induce odontoblast differentiation and dentin...
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the inductive potential of scaffold material combing with transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), and to induce odontoblast differentiation and dentin formation from dental pulp cells both in vitro and in vivo.
METHODS
Primarily cultured dental pulp cells were used for MTT, ALP activity assay and Alizarin red staining in the presence of TGF-β1. Pelleted cells were put on the filters combining with or not with TGF-β1 and cultured in vitro or in vivo. The in vitro and in vivo cell response and tissue formation were analysed with Haematoxylin-Eosin (HE), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and immunohistochemical staining.
RESULTS
TGF-β1 increased the mineralization and ALP activity of dental pulp cells as revealed by Alizarin red staining and ALP activity assay. After in vitro culture for 7 days, cells polarized in the TGF-β1 group and expressed dentin sialoprotein (DSP), osteopontin (OPN) and type I collagen (Col I). After in vivo transplantation for 7 days, columnar odontoblast formed on the surface of filter in experimental group, and tubular dentin expressing DSP formed after 3 months transplantation.
CONCLUSION
It was concluded that TGF-β1 combining with transfilter could induce odontoblast differentiation and dentin formation. Our results implied that suitable substrate for the progenitors of odontoblast to anchor on and inductive signals to initiate the differentiation of odontoblast should be taken into consideration when designing scaffold material for inducing dentin tissue engineering.
Topics: Animals; Cell Differentiation; Cells, Cultured; Collagen Type I; Dental Pulp; Dentinogenesis; Extracellular Matrix Proteins; Micropore Filters; Odontoblasts; Osteopontin; Phosphoproteins; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sialoglycoproteins; Tissue Engineering; Tissue Scaffolds; Transforming Growth Factor beta1
PubMed: 21641578
DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2011.05.002 -
Critical Reviews in Oral Biology and... 1993The formation of dentin, dentinogenesis, comprises a sophisticated interplay between several factors in the tissue, cellular as well as extracellular. Dentin may be... (Review)
Review
The formation of dentin, dentinogenesis, comprises a sophisticated interplay between several factors in the tissue, cellular as well as extracellular. Dentin may be regarded as a calcified connective tissue. In this respect, as well as in its mode of formation, it is closely related to bone. Using dentinogenesis as an experimental model to study biomineralization provides several practical advantages, and the results may be extrapolated to understand similar processes in other tissues, primarily bone. After describing dentin structure and composition, this review discusses items such as the morphology of dentinogenesis; the dentinogenically active odontoblast, transport, and concentrations of mineral ions; the constituents of the dentin organic matrix; and the presumed mechanisms involved in mineral formation.
Topics: Animals; Dentin; Dentinogenesis; Humans; Ion Transport; Minerals; Odontoblasts; Tooth Calcification
PubMed: 8292714
DOI: 10.1177/10454411930040050301 -
Cellular Reprogramming Oct 2017Neuropilin-1 (NRP1) is one of the members of neuropilin family. It can combine with disparate ligands involved in regulating cell proliferation, apoptosis, and...
Neuropilin-1 (NRP1) is one of the members of neuropilin family. It can combine with disparate ligands involved in regulating cell proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation. The binding of NRP1 to Sema3A stimulates osteoblast differentiation through the classical Wnt/β-catenin pathway. However, the functions of NRP1 in dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are not clear. The aim of our study was to investigate how NRP1 controlled odontoblast differentiation in DPSCs and clarified the underlying mechanisms. NRP1 expression was increased in time-dependent manner along with cell odontoblast differentiation. Overexpression of NRP1 upregulated dentin matrix protein-1, dentin sialophosphoprotein, alkaline phosphatase protein level, and mineralization in DPSCs, while knockdown of NRP1 induced the opposite effects. SiNRP1 similar to DKK1 availably blocked classical Wnt/β-catenin signaling and odontoblast differentiation. In summary, NRP1, as a promoter of odontoblast differentiation, regulates DPSCs via the classical Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Cell Differentiation; Dental Pulp; Female; Gene Expression Regulation; Humans; Male; Neuropilin-1; Odontoblasts; Stem Cells; Wnt Signaling Pathway
PubMed: 28910136
DOI: 10.1089/cell.2017.0020