-
Journal of Binocular Vision and Ocular... 2018Some forms of ophthalmoplegia are congenital and fall into the category of Congenital Cranial Dysinnervation Disorders (CCDDs). These disorders arise from a primary... (Review)
Review
Some forms of ophthalmoplegia are congenital and fall into the category of Congenital Cranial Dysinnervation Disorders (CCDDs). These disorders arise from a primary defect of cranial nucleus/nerve development or guidance. Many have substantial limitations of ocular motility with or without other associated features. The type and degree of ophthalmoplegia can be similar between CCDD subtypes as well as with non-congenital forms of ophthalmoplegia. Therefore diagnostic confirmation often requires neuro-imaging and/or genetic investigations. The clinician should consider this category in cases of ophthalmoplegia that are congenital and nonprogressive in nature.
Topics: Cranial Nerves; Eye Movements; Fibrosis; Humans; Oculomotor Muscles; Ophthalmoplegia
PubMed: 30196776
DOI: 10.1080/2576117X.2017.1416242 -
Journal of Binocular Vision and Ocular... 2018Ophthalmoplegia can be caused by multiple etiologies. There are restrictive, paretic, neurologic, and myasthenic conditions that can lead to reduced mobility of the eyes... (Review)
Review
Ophthalmoplegia can be caused by multiple etiologies. There are restrictive, paretic, neurologic, and myasthenic conditions that can lead to reduced mobility of the eyes that at first glance may be difficult to discern from one another. While the examiner may be tempted to order various lab tests and scans to reach a diagnosis, the assessment of ophthalmoplegia by clinical examination alone can often provide enough information to determine the etiology, or at least rule out causes that can spare the patient and facility from unnecessary time-consuming and costly tests. This article will discuss the definition of ophthalmoplegia as well as various techniques that can be performed in the clinical setting that may help distinguish its underlying causes.
Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological; Eye Movements; Humans; Oculomotor Muscles; Ophthalmoplegia
PubMed: 30196777
DOI: 10.1080/2576117X.2017.1416239 -
Neuroradiology Apr 2019Especially in acute onset of ophthalmoplegia, efficient neuroradiological evaluation is necessary to assist differential diagnosis, clinical course, and treatment... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
Especially in acute onset of ophthalmoplegia, efficient neuroradiological evaluation is necessary to assist differential diagnosis, clinical course, and treatment options.
METHODS
Different manifestations of ophthalmoplegia are explained and illustrated by characteristic neuroradiological and clinical findings.
RESULTS
To present those ophthalmoplegic disorders in a clear manner, this review refers to different neuroanatomical structures and compartments. From neuroophthalmological point of view, diseases going ahead with ophthalmoplegia can be divided into (1) efferent infranuclear/peripheral disturbances involving oculomotor cranial nerves, (2) conjugate gaze abnormalities due to internuclear or supranuclear lesions, and (3) diseases of the extraocular eye muscles or their impairment due to intraorbital pathologies.
CONCLUSION
The knowledge of the relationship between neurological findings in ophthalmoplegia and involved neuroanatomical structures is crucial, and neuroradiology can be focused on circumscribed anatomical regions, using optimized investigation protocols.
Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Neuroimaging; Ophthalmoplegia
PubMed: 30747268
DOI: 10.1007/s00234-019-02183-3 -
Journal of Neuro-ophthalmology : the... Dec 2022
Topics: Humans; Papilledema; Ophthalmoplegia
PubMed: 36255092
DOI: 10.1097/WNO.0000000000001707 -
Developmental Medicine and Child... Apr 1994
Review
Topics: Child; Child, Preschool; Chronic Disease; Humans; Migraine Disorders; Ophthalmoplegia; Recurrence
PubMed: 8157159
DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8749.1994.tb11859.x -
The American Journal of the Medical... Jan 2022
Topics: Coronary Angiography; Humans; Ophthalmoplegia
PubMed: 34672997
DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2021.10.008 -
Neurology India 2023
Topics: Humans; Ocular Motility Disorders; Ophthalmoplegia
PubMed: 37929487
DOI: 10.4103/0028-3886.388055 -
JAMA Neurology Feb 2024
Topics: Humans; Oculomotor Muscles; Ophthalmoplegia; Hypertrophy; Magnetic Resonance Imaging
PubMed: 38190137
DOI: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2023.5056 -
Pediatrics in Review Jan 2021
Topics: Child, Preschool; Humans; Ophthalmoplegia
PubMed: 33386362
DOI: 10.1542/pir.2019-0095 -
JAMA Neurology Jul 2022
Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Ophthalmoplegia
PubMed: 35666523
DOI: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2022.1320