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Documenta Ophthalmologica. Advances in... Feb 1989
Topics: Europe; History, 19th Century; Ophthalmoscopes; Ophthalmoscopy
PubMed: 2663401
DOI: 10.1007/BF00163473 -
Clinical & Experimental Optometry Jul 2022
Topics: Fovea Centralis; Humans; Ophthalmoscopes; Optics and Photonics
PubMed: 34420491
DOI: 10.1080/08164622.2021.1968758 -
Translational Vision Science &... Oct 2020The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability to align two types of retinal images taken on different platforms; color fundus (CF) photographs and infrared...
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability to align two types of retinal images taken on different platforms; color fundus (CF) photographs and infrared scanning laser ophthalmoscope (IR SLO) images using mathematical warping and artificial intelligence (AI).
METHODS
We collected 109 matched pairs of CF and IR SLO images. An AI algorithm utilizing two separate networks was developed. A style transfer network (STN) was used to segment vessel structures. A registration network was used to align the segmented images to each. Neither network used a ground truth dataset. A conventional image warping algorithm was used as a control. Software displayed image pairs as a 5 × 5 checkerboard grid composed of alternating subimages. This technique permitted vessel alignment determination by human observers and 5 masked graders evaluated alignment by the AI and conventional warping in 25 fields for each image.
RESULTS
Our new AI method was superior to conventional warping at generating vessel alignment as judged by masked human graders ( < 0.0001). The average number of good/excellent matches increased from 90.5% to 94.4% with AI method.
CONCLUSIONS
AI permitted a more accurate overlay of CF and IR SLO images than conventional mathematical warping. This is a first step toward developing an AI that could allow overlay of all types of fundus images by utilizing vascular landmarks.
TRANSLATIONAL RELEVANCE
The ability to align and overlay imaging data from multiple instruments and manufacturers will permit better analysis of this complex data helping understand disease and predict treatment.
Topics: Artificial Intelligence; Fluorescein Angiography; Fundus Oculi; Humans; Lasers; Ophthalmoscopes
PubMed: 33173612
DOI: 10.1167/tvst.9.2.56 -
BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.) Dec 2016
Topics: Cost Savings; Developing Countries; Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological; Equipment Design; Humans; Ophthalmoscopes; Point-of-Care Testing; Vision Disorders
PubMed: 27974424
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.i6637 -
Journal of the Optical Society of... Dec 1952
Topics: Humans; Ophthalmoscopes; Ophthalmoscopy; Retina
PubMed: 13011674
DOI: 10.1364/josa.42.000931 -
Indian Journal of Ophthalmology Jun 2022Comparison of patient satisfaction with red-free (green) versus yellow light using binocular indirect ophthalmoscope for retinal examination. (Observational Study)
Observational Study Randomized Controlled Trial
PURPOSE
Comparison of patient satisfaction with red-free (green) versus yellow light using binocular indirect ophthalmoscope for retinal examination.
METHODS
This is an observational questionnaire-based study of 100 myopes in the age group of 18-40 years coming for a routine check-up or for refractive surgery workup. The examination was done using an indirect ophthalmoscope and a 20D lens with green or yellow light and was assigned in two groups randomly using the coin toss method, following which, a questionnaire was used to assess the following parameters: a) level of comfort, b) any complaints of discomfort during examination, d) preference of the used light source in future, e) grading of discomfort on a linear scale, and f) patient cooperation and duration of examination.
RESULTS
Patients were randomized for observation with IDO using either green light (n = 55) or yellow light (n = 45) filter. In the study, 46 patients (83.6%) were very comfortable and only 9 patients (16.4%) experienced mild discomfort when using red-free (green) light, while only 3 patients (6.7%) were very comfortable and 31 (68.9%) had mild discomfort when using yellow light. The complaints of watering with yellow and green light were noted in 36 patients (80.0%) and 15 patients (27.3%), pain in 13 patients (28.9%) and 3 patients (5.5%), light sensitivity in 29 patients (64.4%) and 4 patients (7.3%), respectively, all being significantly more in yellow light category (P < 0.001). The time of examination was significantly more in yellow light category with 83 ± 10.75 seconds (P < 0.001).
CONCLUSION
Retinal examination using the green filter of indirect ophthalmoscope is more comfortable in examining the patients as compared to routine yellow light with decreased number of complaints, lesser examination time, and better patient cooperation.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Humans; Ophthalmology; Ophthalmoscopes; Patient Satisfaction; Physical Examination; Young Adult
PubMed: 35647977
DOI: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_3079_21 -
Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and... May 2018To assess the ease of use of the D-EYE digital ophthalmoscope (D-EYE Srl, Padova, Italy) in retinal screening against the conventional direct ophthalmoscope. The digital... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
PURPOSE
To assess the ease of use of the D-EYE digital ophthalmoscope (D-EYE Srl, Padova, Italy) in retinal screening against the conventional direct ophthalmoscope. The digital ophthalmoscope used comprised a smartphone equipped with a D-EYE lens that produces digital retinal images.
METHODS
Twenty-five medical students were given 30 minutes of instruction regarding how to use a direct ophthalmoscope and D-EYE digital ophthalmoscope by a pediatric ophthalmologist. Afterwards, they used two methods to view the fundus under dim light on two undilated volunteer participants under supervision of the pediatric ophthalmologist. Each student had to describe their findings and show the video taken from the smartphone to the pediatric ophthalmologist. Students also completed a survey rating their experience using each method.
RESULTS
Ninety-two percent of the medical students preferred the D-EYE digital ophthalmoscope to the direct ophthalmoscope. Students were also able to identify the optic nerve and macula in a shorter amount of time and review the images to confirm their findings. Overall, the medical students showed a strong preference for the D-EYE digital ophthalmoscope that was statistically significant (P < .001).
CONCLUSIONS
The D-EYE digital ophthalmoscope is a practical device that could be incorporated into medical education and clinical practice. Survey results revealed that most students preferred the D-EYE digital ophthalmoscope due to the recording features and larger image of the fundus. [J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2018;55(3):201-206.].
Topics: Fundus Oculi; Humans; Italy; Ophthalmoscopes; Ophthalmoscopy; Optic Disk; Smartphone
PubMed: 29796680
DOI: 10.3928/01913913-20180220-01 -
Journal of Biophotonics Jun 2020Oblique scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (oSLO) is a novel imaging modality to provide volumetric retinal imaging without depth sectioning over a large field of view (FOV)....
Oblique scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (oSLO) is a novel imaging modality to provide volumetric retinal imaging without depth sectioning over a large field of view (FOV). It has been successfully demonstrated in vivo in rodent eyes for volumetric fluorescein angiography (vFA). However, engineering oSLO for human retinal imaging is challenging because of the low numerical aperture (NA) of human ocular optics. To overcome this challenge, we implement optical designs to (a) increase the angle of the intermediate image under Scheimpflug condition, and (b) expand the magnification in the depth dimension with cylindrical lens to enable sufficient sampling density. In addition, we adopt a scanning-and-descaning strategy, resulting in a compact oSLO system. We experimentally show that the current setup can achieve a FOV of ~3 × 6 × 0.8 mm , and the transverse and axial resolutions of 7 and 41 μm, respectively. This feasibility study serves an important step for future in vivo human retinal imaging.
Topics: Feasibility Studies; Humans; Lasers; Ophthalmoscopes; Ophthalmoscopy; Optics and Photonics
PubMed: 32101361
DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201960174 -
Indian Journal of Ophthalmology Nov 2021
Topics: Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetic Retinopathy; General Practitioners; Humans; Mass Screening; Ophthalmoscopes; Primary Health Care; Smartphone
PubMed: 34708759
DOI: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_2387_21 -
The New Zealand Medical Journal Apr 2020There is consensus among general practitioners regarding the difficulty of direct ophthalmoscopy. Hence, there is increasing interest in smartphone-based... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
AIM
There is consensus among general practitioners regarding the difficulty of direct ophthalmoscopy. Hence, there is increasing interest in smartphone-based ophthalmoscopes; the New Zealand-made oDocs Nun ophthalmoscope is one such device, released in November 2018. This study aims to subjectively assess the quality of the images captured with it in order to determine the feasibility of its use in a primary care setting.
METHOD
Twenty-eight general practitioners (GPs) from different practices throughout New Zealand agreed to participate in this prospective observational study and were sent an oDocs Nun ophthalmoscope. Using the device, clinicians took retinal photographs of patients who presented with visual complaints and uploaded one image per eye onto a database. Three hundred and fifty-seven photographs were collated and rated by four professionals (two ophthalmologists and two optometrists) on the basis of image quality and the anatomical features visible.
RESULTS
On a Likert scale from 1 (poor quality) to 4 (very good quality), the median and mode values for each professional's rating of all photographs were both 2. On average, 94.5% of the photographs were deemed to have visible optic discs and 50.0% to have visible maculae adequate for detecting an abnormality. Pairwise comparison showed 93.7% agreement among the four professionals for optic disc visibility, and 74.2% agreement for macula visibility.
CONCLUSION
The oDocs Nun is a promising tool which GPs could use to circumvent the challenges associated with direct ophthalmoscopy. With appropriate training to ensure proficiency, it may have a valuable role in telemedicine and tele-referral.
Topics: Aged; Female; General Practice; Humans; Male; New Zealand; Ophthalmoscopes; Photography; Prospective Studies; Retinal Diseases; Smartphone
PubMed: 32242176
DOI: No ID Found